Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
Not a member yet
2546 research outputs found
Sort by
A case study on the use of inter-row cover crops on a new and old vineyard cv. ‘Assyrtiko’ in Santorini Island
Get PDFIn Santorini Island, Greece, the research and revival of cultivation techniques are crucial to the adaptation of viticulture in the current unique and extreme climatic and cultural conditions, including the increasingly extreme climatic phenomena resulting from climate change. This work presents the use of cover crops, in a new planting and productive Assyrtiko vineyard in Santorin Island. Our study is the first reflection of the use of cover crops in the special conditions of the island to mitigate wind and sandblasting damages and reduce high ground temperatures during days with high temperatures. We showed that the use of cover crops could play a significant role in reducing the wind speed and the resulting sandblasting that cause almost every year damage to young and productive vines when they are at critical growth stages
Introduction pages, NBHA-CN 51(2), 2023
No full textThe papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 2, Volume 51, 2023 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, crop science, and forestry. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Cloning and analysis of DlERF23 gene in flower induction; Transcriptomic analysis reveals transcription factors involved in vascular bundle development and tissue maturation in ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Roscoe); In vitro direct organogenesis of the medicinal single-mountain local prioritized vulnerable Greek endemic Achillea occulta under different medium variants; Methodological contribution on seed germination and seedling initial growth tests in wild plants; Deciphering the myth of cold tolerance in soybean: An overview of molecular breeding applications; The gall midge Obolodiplosis robiniae Haldemann (Diptera Cecidomyiidae) new invasive alien species in Europa; Effect of silvicultural treatment of individual selection on the horizontal structure of a pine-oak forest in northern Mexico
Modulating the antioxidant defense systems and nutrients content by proline for higher yielding of wheat under water deficit
Get PDFNumerous plant metabolites, especially amino acids, are accumulated as a result of stress. These amino acids are crucial for plant metabolism and development and have historically been viewed as the building blocks of proteins. Several studies suggested that there is a link between proline buildup and exposure plants to stress. Proline performs important functions under stress in addition to be a great osmolyte, antioxidant enzyme, acts as an antioxidant defense and signaling molecules. Two field trials were during two successive winter seasons (2020/2021 and 2021/2022). The effects of proline foliar application (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg L−1) and irrigation water levels (irrigation by 100, 80 and 60% of crop water requirements, CWR, CWR100, CWR80 and CWR60, respectively) on plant pigments, antioxidants activity, yield traits and nutrient contents of wheat were assessed. The experiment was designed in a split-plot involving 4 replicates. Drought stress (CWR80 and CWR60) led to reductions in photosynthetic pigments, and yield components. Under severe water stress (CWR60), proline 200 and 300 mg L−1 recorded the highest values of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total pigments. Application of proline 300 mg L−1 was the potent practice for enhancing the antioxidant activity% (DPPH radical scavenging) and phenols content under CWR100 and CWR80. Indole acetic acid (IAA) possessed the maximum values with proline 200 mg L−1 under all irrigation patterns. Under severe deficit water (CWR60), without proline spraying (for super oxide dismutase), 200, 300 or 400 mg L−1 proline (for peroxidase) and 200 or 400 mg L−1 proline (for polyphenol oxidase) recorded the highest values. Spraying proline 300 mg L−1 achieved the highest values of grain number spike−1, weight of 1000 grains and grain yield ha−1 under different irrigation regimes. In conclusion, proline is considered a good mitigator for drought stress, due to it increased wheat plant tolerance to water deficiency throughout improving plant physiology and consequently yields quantity and quality. The most efficient concentrations of proline for coping the adverse impact of drought were 200 and 300 mg L−1
Winter cropping improves yield, dry matter accumulation and translocation and nitrogen uptake of double-cropping rice
Get PDFWinter cropping is widely considered as an effective way to increase rice yield. Therefore, this study was performed to find optimal winter cropping patterns in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. Five experimental treatments were set up based on the long-term field experiment including winter fallow (CK), Chinese milk vetch winter cropping pattern (CRR), rapeseed winter cropping pattern (RRR), garlic winter cropping pattern (GRR), and winter multiple cropping rotation (ROT). The effects of different winter cropping patterns on the yield, dry matter accumulation and translocation, and plant nitrogen uptake were explored in double-cropping rice. The results showed that compared with CK, winter cropping increased the early and late rice yield by 7.91-10.70% and 3.57-6.89%, respectively. Similarly, compared with CK, winter cropping patterns also increased the number of spikes in early rice by 19.36-25.81% and CRR and ROT increased the effective number of spikes in late rice by 25.58% and 23.26% respectively. The dry matter (DM) translocation by stem and leaf of early rice under CRR was highest, with a 36.2% increase compared with CK, however, DM accumulation after heading in early rice under CRR was lowest. GRR decreased the dry matter translocation by stem and leaf in early rice but increased DM accumulation after heading in early and late rice by 65.28% and 13.44% as compared to CK. Moreover, ROT increased the dry matter translocation by stem and leaf in late rice by 112.63%. Additionally, GRR and ROT treatments increased the stem nitrogen uptake in early rice by 61.76% and 58.61% as compared to control, while CRR increased the nitrogen uptake by stem, leave and spike in late rice by 40.76%, 49.51% and 42.92%. In conclusion, CRR is more beneficial to increase DM accumulation and translocation by stem and leaf in double-cropping rice, and nitrogen uptake by rice plants
Eco-friendly preparation of thyme essential oil nano emulsion: Characterization, antifungal activity and resistance of Fusarium wilt disease of Foeniculum vulgare
Get PDFEssential oil nanoemulsions have received much attention in the last period for controlling of fungal plant pathogens. In this study, thyme oil nanoemulsion (TONE) was successfully prepared from thyme oil which extracted from Thymus vulgaris (T. vulgaris). The prepared TONE was characterized using DLS, Zeta potential, and TEM analyses. Results revealed that, TONE has spherical shape with size 32.7 nm. Moreover, results illustrated that TONE exhibited promising antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) with minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) 5 mg/ml. Additionally, TONE concentrations 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/ml reduced the growth of F. oxysporum with percentages 7.78, 31.1, 52.2 and 67.8 % respectively. Disease index (DI) of Fusarium wilt reached the maximum rate by (85 %) in the Foeniculum vulgare (F. vulgare) plant infected with F. oxysporum. Application of TONE treatment on infected plants led to a decrease in DI to (17.5%) and an increase in the percentage of protection to (79.4%). Furthermore, DI was decrease to 42.5% with protection percentage 50% in the case of infected plant with TOE. Moreover, TOE, TONE played an important role in improving plant immunity by increasing phenol, proline, and antioxidant enzymes (POD&PPO) activities, as well as reducing oxidative stress by reducing (MDA & H2O2). Results revealed that TONE led to significant increase in free proline in compared to TOE. We can conclude that TOE, TONE are considered eco-friendly safe strong inducers of F. vulgare plant immunity alternatives to difenoconazole against fusarial wilt disease to preserve plant, soil, and human health
Introduction pages, NBHA-CN 51(3), 2023
No full textThe papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 3, Volume 51, 2023 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, crop science, and forestry. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Comparison of the potential of extracts from the flower, fruit pulp, and seed of Cassia fistula L. on MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth and cell migration; Evaluation of anticancer activity of Plumbago indica root extract on cervical HeLa cancer cells; Metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal the colouring mechanism of red honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.); Ethylene modulates root growth and mineral nutrients levels in trifoliate orange through the auxin-signaling pathway; Green nanotechnology for plant bacterial diseases management in cereal crops: a review on metal-based nanoparticles; Physiological responses of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants to biochar application under water deficit conditions; Gene mining and functional analysis related to maize (Zea mays L.) seed size; Phytochemical properties, antioxidant potential and fatty acids profiling of three dragon fruit species grown under sub-tropical climate; Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory effect of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. stem bark extract; Ecotype effects on photosynthesis performance using A/PFFD among Pinus nigra Arn.; Assessment of herbaceous vegetation classification using orthophotos produced from the image acquired with unmanned aerial systems
Significance of selenium in ameliorating the effects of irrigation deficit via improving photosynthesis efficiency, cell integrity, osmo-protectants, and oil profile of anise crop
Get PDFAnise is one of the plants with therapeutic potential, which is classified among the most important medicinal plants with interesting biological effects. Its components could be perceived so as “natural” and “safe” alternatives to antibiotics as well as they are applied in different industries such as food and cosmetic purposes. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient, however, its importance to improve oil yield and quality of anise has not been adequately investigated, specifically under drought. Therefore, two successive seasons were conducted to investigate the effect of selenium foliar application upon anise plants under drought stress. Selenium was applied at three different concentrations (0.0 1.0 and 2.0 mM denoted Se0, Se1 and Se2, respectively) along with two levels of crop evapotranspiration (ET): Full irrigation, 100% of ET (FI) and 60% of ET (DI). The promotive effect of combinations of DI × Se1 or Se2 (for Fv/Fm, RWC%, and MSI% in the first season) and DI × Se2 (for Fv/Fm, and MSI% in the second season) were as similar as FI × Se2. Compared to the counterpart control treatment (DI × Se0), the highest increases in total free amino acids (31.5 and 31.6%), total soluble sugars (84.2 and 86.4%) and free proline content (84.2 and 86.4%) were recorded with application of DI × Se2 practice in both seasons, respectively. Under DI, Se2 recorded the maximum values of root length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight in the second season. Under drought, the increases in seed yield due to application of Se1 and Se2 amounted to 1.72 and 1.62 folds in the 1st season and 1.50 and 1.43 folds in 2nd one, respectively. The most effective practice for improving IWUE was Se1× DI in both seasons, followed by Se2 × DI. Based on the chromatographical detection, the maximum values of Anethole were recorded with FI × Se2 while L-Linalool has greatly increased with DI × Se2. In conclusion, the growers in arid and semi-arid zones are advised to use selenium (2.0 mM) in anise fertilization to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought, and keeping crop yield and quality
Biochar a promising amendment to mitigate the drought stress in plants: review and future prospective
Get PDFDrought stress (DS) is one of the most destructive abiotic stresses that negatively affects plant growth, and yield. The intensity of DS is continuously increasing due rapid of water sources, less rainfall, and an increase in global warming. The world’s population is increasing at an alarming rate which needs a substantial increase in crop production to meet global food needs. Therefore, in this context, we must have to increase crop production in the scenarios of rapid climate change and increasing intensity of abiotic stresses. Globally, different measures are used to mitigate the adverse impacts of DS, recently biochar (BC) has emerged as an excellent soil amendment to mitigate the toxic effects of DS and improve crop production. The application maintains membrane integrity, plant water relations, nutrient homeostasis, photosynthetic performance, hormonal balance and osmolytes accumulation, and gene expression thereby improving plant performance under DS. Moreover, BC application under DS also improves soil organic matter, water holding capacity, soil structure stability, and activity of beneficial microbes which can improve the plant performance under DS. In the present review different mechanisms through which BC mitigates the adverse impacts of DS on plants are discussed. This review provides new suggestions on the role of BC in mitigating the adverse impacts of DS
The role of endophytes and rhizobacteria to combat drought stress in wheat
Get PDFWheat production suffers greatly from drought stress, resulting in yield losses. Endophytes and rhizobacteria have been recognized as a valuable source in mitigating of drought stress by improving plant resistance and growth. In this review, we discuss how endophytes and rhizobacteria help wheat cope with drought stress. During drought stress, endophytes have been found to increase plant water usage efficiency and decrease water loss. Endophytes are harmless microorganisms that live inside plant tissues. Rhizobacteria establish colonies in the root system through various procedures, including phytohormones production, modification of root architecture, and activation of stress-inducible genes, thereby promoting plant growth and enhancing stress resistance. Numerous studies have shown how endophytes and rhizobacteria can improve the potential of wheat to withstand drought. For instance, inoculation with endophytes like Piriformospora indica and Bacillus spp. has been proven to enhance wheat plant yield and drought resistance. Similarly, it has been proven that rhizobacteria like Pseudomonas spp. and Azospirillum brasilense enhance drought tolerance through a variety of mechanisms. To minimize the consequence of wheat under drought conditions, the efficient method is the use of endophytes and rhizobacteria as biofertilizers, which could ultimately boost yields and sustainability. More research needs to be done so that it can be used most effectively in the field and so that we can better understand how they work. We explained current understanding of the role and mechanisms of endophytes and rhizobacteria in minimizing drought stress effects in wheat. Additionally, we highlighted areas of limited knowledge and suggested directions for future research. This review will provide the new suggestion on the role of endophytes and rhizobacteria in mitigating the drought stress in plants
Mycorrhization and root excision effects on morphological and biomass production of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.)
Get PDFCeratonia siliqua L. plant (carob tree) is a Mediterranean species. In Tunisia, natural distribution of this species is situated in humid zones in the north to the driest ones in the south of the country. Ceratonia siliqua regeneration depends on seeds quality and performances as well as on the practical vegetative propagation tools. Nowadays, carob tree cultivation is limited by the seedlings quality behind the juvenile stage caused by the deterioration of plant root system. This study investigates the effect of lone and mutual root excision technique and mycorrhization on carob seedlings growth performance. Two carob seeds origins were germinated then excised and/or mycorrhized using a sterile substate. For control seedlings, experiment was made without excision nor mycorrhization application. Seedlings were grown in green house. Mycorrhizae applied with excision ameliorated significantly plant length, leaf number, dry and fresh weight of external plant part and roots, collar root diameter and roots branching numbers. Survey of mycorrhizae effects proved also amelioration on carob growth and biomass production but indiscernibly than use of mycorrhization and excision techniques together. Excision alone does not take a part on seedling increasing performance. Mycorrhization of carob species applied with excision increased morphological plant status. Results highlighted the efficiency to use this process to promote plants behaviour by enhancing plant roots and growth in forest farming model in forest areas and agricultural lands