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Promoting global health innovation: On the need for global health care solutions in the spirit of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health (ICASH)
Get PDFThe generation and testing of novel ideas by young investigators is an important mechanism for driving scientific and social innovation. Especially where these ideas are bold and involve new approaches or forms of cooperation that can contribute to sustainable health improvements for society. The sharing of such ideas and exchange of knowledge and experience by young investigators was the aim of the first International Conference on Applied Science and Health (ICASH) held in Bangkok in February 2017. ICASH was a joint initiative designed by the Institute of Population and Social Research at Mahidol University,Thailand, the Doctoral Program in Public Health Science at Diponegoro University, Indonesia, and Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia.ICASH brought together experts, practitioners, professionals and students from applied science and health related fields, and what they shared is available in the published conference proceedings registered at National Library of Indonesia and available at <http://publications.inschool.id/index.php/icash/index>
The Global Health Management Journal was established by the founders of ICASH to be a platform for presenting the outcome of projects intended to define where scientific, educational, technological and social innovation can be applied to improve health. This first edition highlights five of the presentations made at the first International Conference on Applied Science and Health (ICASH 2017). The selected papers from the conference were double-blindly reviewed and published in this first editorial of GHMJ.
The journal will be valuable in this regard, as it will provide a forum for young investigators to describe bold scientific ideas and social innovations able to save and improve lives alongside reports of new forms of cooperation and effective health services delivery. This combination of innovations that integrate science and technology with education and social change together will meet the recognized need for greater understanding of "what works and why” and in turn contribute to more sustainable health improvements for society as a whole
Development of size-tunable polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery applications
Get PDFBackground: Poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in drug delivery applications because of their excellent properties such as biocompatibility, and biodegradability along with the ability to deliver hydrophobic drugs, increase drug bioavailability and improve drug absorption to targeted cells in both oral and parenteral administrations. The PLGA NPs can be synthesized using an emulsion solvent evaporation method. Each parameter during synthesis plays a role in the formation of nanoparticles and can affect NP size; important factors for successful development of a drug delivery system.Aims: The aim of this study was to prepare different sizes of PLGA NPs by investigation of four factors (molecular weight, MW) of PLGA, emulsifier concentrations, organic solvent type and power of ultrasonication) involved in PLGA nanoparticle synthesis.Methods: PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by an emulsion solvent evaporation method. Size and size distribution were analyzed by dynamic light scattering and polydispersity index (PdI).Results: The effect of four parameters: PLGA MW, emulsifier concentrations, solvent types, and amplitude of ultrasonication on PLGA NPs preparation were evaluated. Changing one parameter results in different sizes of PLGA NPs that varied from 150- 300 nm. PdI which is an indicator for determination of size distribution of NPs, varied with an overall value <0.2.Conclusion: MW of PLGA polymer, emulsifier concentration, type of organic solvent and power of ultrasonication affect the size and size distribution of PLGA NPs.
Submitted: 16 October 2017, Accepted: 27 October 2017.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35898/ghmj-1211
PREGNANCY EXERCISES AND DELIVERY PROCESS IN MOTHERS GIVING BIRTH AT SUMOWONO HEALTH CENTER SEMARANG REGENCY
Get PDFBackground: Pregnancy exercise is a therapy to prepare pregnant women either physically or mentally, so that the delivery can take place spontaneously. The delivery process is a process of releasing the fetus from the uterus to the outside of the uterus through the birth canal. This study aimed to find the correlation between pregnancy exercises and delivery process in mothers giving birth.
Method: This was a descriptive-correlative study with cross sectional approach. The data sampling used purposive sampling technique. The population in this study was all mothers who attended the pregnancy exercises in period from January to December 2014 in the region of Sumowono Health Center Semarang Regency. The samples were 132 respondents. The data analysis used Chi Square test.
Results: The results of this study indicated that the mothers who attended the pregnancy exercises regularly and had spontaneous delivery were 88.2%. While the mothers who attended the pregnancy exercises regularly and did not have spontaneous delivery were 56.4%. Based on the Chi Square test obtained p-value of 0.000 < α (0.05) so that it could be concluded that there was a significant correlation between pregnancy exercises and delivery process in mothers giving birth at SumowonoHealth Center Semarang Regency.
Conclusion: It shows that by implementing pregnancy exercises on a regular basis can help the delivery process. Therefore, every pregnant woman is expected to attend and participate in the pregnancy class in their neighborhood
NURSE'S ATTITUDE TOWARD PATIENT SAFETY POLICY IN BALI ROYAL HOSPITAL, INDONESIA: INDIVIDUALIZED APPROACH USING HEALTH BELIEF MODEL
Get PDFBackground: Patient safety is one of the most important dimensions in quality of healthcare. Nurses are the key in care delivery, their compliance toward Patient Safety policy cannot be overlooked. Studies evaluating determinants of nurse's compliance to Patient Safety policy is still lacking.
Aims: To evaluate nurse's attitude toward Patient Safety policy using Health Belief Model (HBM).
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried on in Bali Royal Hospital, Indonesia, on December 2016. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data on socio demographics, knowledge, and attitude toward Patient Safety policy. Attitudes are specifically assessed using HBM.
Results: A total of 124 nurses are included in this study. Mean age of the study population was 29.7±6.7 years. Mean score for knowledge about Patient Safety policy was 12.68±3.40 from 18.0- point scale. Nurses perceived a low risk of non-compliance (mean perceived risk 8.07±1.89) and a low barrier to comply with Patient Safety policy (mean perceived barrier 8.66±1.78). Knowledge and attitudes toward Patient Safety policy did not differ by sex and educational background but it did differ according to unit of workplace. Age and length of work correlated positively to knowledge (Spearman's r=0.439, p-value 0.000; and r=0.400, p-value <0.001, respectively). A positive and moderate correlation was observed between knowledge vs. perceived severity (r= 0.394, p-value <0.001) and knowledge vs. perceived benefit (r=0.422, p-value < 0.001). There was a strong and positive correlation between perceived severity and perceived benefit (r= 0.725, p-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Nurse's attitudes toward Patient Safety policy were generally good and correlate positively with knowledge. The use of HBM provides an increased understanding of how individual perceptions can be influenced to improve nurse's engagement in promoting safer health care
EFFECT OF HEAT STRESS AND NUTRITION STATUS ON WORKER FATIGUE AT TRADITIONAL MUSIC GAMELAN INDUSTRY
Get PDFBackground: Industry of gamelanproduction is informal industry from motherhood heritage of Java. Making gamelan worker direct heat exposure and consume large man power, thus need good physic stamina especially in heatting process.
Aims: This study aim to know the effect of heating stress and nutrition status on worker fatique.
Method: This study conducted by observation, quesionare, documentation and measurement. Respondents were 30 gamelan-producing workers at forging process dan finising process from 105 populationwithpurposive sampling in Wirunvillage Sukoharjo Central Java Indonesia.Measurement of heating stress using area heat stress tool. Status of nutrition was measured by body weight eighing, while the fatique was measuded by timer reaction tool. Statistic analysis with linear regression.
Results: Results showed that heating stress in forging process part has Wet Bulb Globe Temperature(WBGT) average 31oC (>threshold value) and and at finishing process part has WBGT average 27,9 oC (≤threshold value), that means in heatting process was more fatigue compared to in finishing process. Linear regression statistical test with p-value 0.008 (≤0,05) showed there is effect of heat stress on worker fatigue.There was relationship between nutrition status and work fatique, where worker with good status of nutrition have no fatique of 6.67 %, low fatique of 50%, and medium fatigue of 6.67 %. All of worker with low status of nutrition getting fatigue, whereas worker with excessive nutrition status also getting fatigue by medium fatigue of 20 % and high fatigue of 6.67%. Linear regression statistical test with p-value 0.04 (≤0,05) showed there is effect of nutrition status on worker fatigue.
Conclusion: Workers in forging site more likely to experience work fatigue than workers in finisshing site. There is effect of heat stress on worker fatigue. There is significant association between nutritional status and work fatigue
NURSES' ROLES IN HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Promoting public health is applied by health care professionals including nurses. The focus of health promotion by nurses traditionally has been on disease prevention and changing the client behavior with respect to their health. In fact, the role as promoters of heath by nurses is not as simple as we perceive. It is because they have experience and multi-disciplinaryknowledge of health promotion in their nursing practice.
Aims: This study presents a systematic review aimed at examining the findings of existing research studies (2001-2016) of health promotion roles by nurses.
Methods: A systematic search of databases using EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and Science Direct were conducted. The 353 articles included were extracted and verified and a new interpretation of the concepts extracted was generated.
Results: 12 research articles met the inclusion criteria and included in this review. Nurses play an important role in relation to health promotion in any setting like hospital, community, primary care and home care.
Conclusion: This review need to be confirmed by well-designed large studies which engage validated procedures of nurses' role in health promotion practice and involve multivariate analyses to make sure the real role of nurses regarding health promotion practice
DETERMINANT FACTORS OF TOOTH PULP CARIES IN ROWOSARI, SEMARANG, INDONESIA
Get PDFBackground: Tooth pulp caries is commonly found in community Rowosari, Semarang, Indonesia based on the patient visit at the public health centre. The process of the pulp caries occur because of clinical factors including the interaction among host, agent, environment, and time. Non-clinical factors including environment, attitude, health care and heredity.
Aims: This study aims to determine the factors that cause pulp caries in community Rowosari, Semarang, Indonesia year 2016.
Methods: It is descriptive quantitative research with case control study design. The sampling technique used nonprobability sampling by purposive sampling with 74 samples which consist of case group is the community which has pulp caries and control group is that haven't pulp caries. Data collection techniques of clinical factors by direct examination, while nonclinical factors using questionnaires. Analysis of the data used is the Odds Ratio.
Results: In the case group showed the highest odds ratio value on clinical factors are plaque index (OR = 4.524), which means that people with high plaque index have 4.524 times greater risk than the well index plaque. In non-clinical factors Odds Ratio is the highest value of action (OR = 1.949), which means people with bad actions have 1.949 times greater risk than those with good action.
Conclusion: There are several caused factor of pulp caries. Biggest caused by the clinical factors is the plaque index, while biggest caused nonclinical factors are action. It is suggested that the community has to know and apply good dental health care in daily activities to reduce dental plaque.
 
PREGNANT WOMEN'S PERCEPTION ON HIGH-RISK PREGNANCY
Get PDFBackground: Central Java province is one of the contributors to maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia which reached 126 per 100.000 live births. The cause of death of pregnant women can be predicted based on the risk factors posed by the mother during pregnancy. In 2014 the number of high-risk pregnant women in Semarang City is 2.904 people and this number increased in 2015.
Aims: To explore the perception of pregnant women about high risk pregnancy at Bandarharjo Health Center Semarang City.
Methods: This is a qualitative research study with phenomenology approach. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling and the sample criteria in this study were the third-trimester pregnant women and did not have a high-risk pregnancy, living in work area of health center of Bandarharjo Semarang City, doing a pregnancy check up at Bandarharjo Semarang health center, and willing to become an informant. The sample in this study amounted to 7 participants, consisting of 4 informants and 3 triangulation. Triangulation in this research is a midwife at Health Center Bandarharjo Semarang City and another pregnant women who does not become an informant and live in working area of Bandarharjo Health Center Semarang City. Data collection techniques for both informants and triangulation used in-depth interviews.
Results: All the informant understand that high-risk pregnancies is a condition in which maternal pregnancies at high risk for both mother and baby. The information about high-risk pregnancy obtained from health workers, the public, reading books, and media. Midwives play as an important source when pregnant women looking for the information about high risk pregnancy. Most of informants revealed they never wished to be in high-risk pregnancies, but they know about the impact of high risk pregnancy. The informants also agreed if they have to go health facilities if they get a high risk pregnancy.
Conclusion: Overall pregnant women already understand about high-risk pregnancies. Midwives play an important role in the welfare of mothers and babies so that the information provided is very beneficial for pregnant women. Therefore, it is expected that cooperation from various parties refers to the government, health workers, community and individual pregnant women themselves in conducting activities such as counseling that can provide benefits, especially in the prevention of pregnancy with high risk
FACTORS RELATED TO FEMALE COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STI) PREVENTION
Get PDFBackground: Sexually transmitted infections are still a public health problem in the world, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. The spread of sexually transmitted infections (STI) among female commercial sex workers cannot be eradicated but may be reduced through prevention efforts.
Aims: This study aims to determine the factors related to female commercial sex workers' attitude towards STI prevention.
Methods: This study used quantitative research type with cross sectional approach and purposive sampling to obtain 66 respondents through questionnaire as study instrument.. Data analysis used chi square statistical test.
Results: The study revealed that 42.4% was in the young age, 50% had low education level, 54.5% had income more than minimum regional wage, 53% had good knowledge of STI Prevention, 65.2% had support from friends and landlady and 57.6% had good attitude. After the chi square test there was no significant relationship between age, education, income, and friends' supports to attitude of commercial sex workers toward STI prevention. Knowledge was found as the only variable associated to commercial sex workers' attitudes toward STI prevention.
Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and the attitude of respondents in the efforts of STIs prevention.
 
PERIODONTITIS IN PREGNANCY AS RISK FACTORS OF PREECLAMPSIA : A LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Periodontitis may indicate the presence of chronic endotoxin inflammatory disease and cytokines, which are considered as risk factors for systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and cerebrovascular ischemia. Maternal periodontitis substitutes a potential microorganism that can penetrate the circulation, directly or indirectly has the capacity to affect the health of the mother and fetus. Preeclampsia is associated with an abnormal maternal cytokine response, such as elevated tumor necrosis tumor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1 and 6 levels that cause endothelial damage to the placenta.
Aims: Reviewing epidemiological associations between periodontitis and preeclampsia Methods: The method used in this paper is literature review. Literature searches were conducted using the electronic databases Science Direct and Google Scholar.
Results: Many studies showed that periodontitis is a risk factor for the occurrence of preeclampsia. Periodontal disease is known to cause systemic inflammation early in pregnancy through increased IL-6 mechanism and increased systemic CRP, during pregnancy the increased progesterone hormone causes greater vascular permeability, stimulates the production of prostaglandins that can cause inflammation, and can decrease the regulation of interleukin-6 production that is less resistant to bacterial inflammation.
Conclussion: The guidance of maintaining the dental and oral health of pregnant and under-five mothers published by the government can be developed into a strategic and innovative program to increase community interest to regularly check the health of teeth to health facilities