Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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LEAN METHOD IMPLEMENTATION TO REDUCE OVERCROWDING IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Throughout the world, emergency departments (ED) are characterized by overcrowding and excessive waiting times. Furthermore, the related delays significantly increase patient mortality and make inefficient use of resources to the detriment of the satisfaction of employees and patients. Lean thinking is a philosophy that focuses on eliminating waste or non-value added elements from the processes so that customers are given greater value. Therefore, many Emergency Departments have begun to apply lean as a way to fight against the problems of crowding, delays and medical incidents.
Methods: Eligible studies for this systematic review constitute result summarized that lean method implementation was capable of reducing overcrowding in Emergency Departement. The journal employed in this systematic review sourced from ProQuest, Pubmed, and Google Scholar, whereas the analyzed journals were seven journals.
Results: From the total of seven journals reviewed, the studies analyzed the result after implementing the lean method in the Emergency Department. In addition, all of the studies were reported successful in implementing lean intervention. Several studies explained that lean method implementation was capable of reducing waiting time, staying length, and the proportion of patients leaving without being seen in the emergency department. One study suggested that reducing radiography transportation time can reduce turnaround time and can help improve the Emergency Department flow.
Conclusion: Lean method implementation can contribute to a decrease in waiting time, stay length, and the proportion of patients leaving without being seen. According to the results of the study, the lean implementation identifies that the lean is capable of decreasing waiting times, stay length, and the proportion of patients leaving without being seen. There must be a policy that governs the lean process. Lean can inspired changes to employee roles, staffing and scheduling, communication and coordination, expertise, workspace layout, and problem-solving.
Keywords: Lean, hospital, emergency department, crowd
HALAL FOOD SUPPLY MOTIVATION FOR MUSLIM PATIENTS
Get PDFBackground: The obligation of consuming halal food for muslims as a religious requirement. Unfortunately in Indonesia not all hospital provide health service that are capable of providing halal food and offering Halal certification food. This might cause patient to feel distrust and discomfort. Therefore, all reliable stakeholder are expected to have the motivation and commitment to guarantee halal food in the hospital services. This study aimed to analyze the providers' (hospitals') motivation to provide halal food for their Muslim patients according to Islamic rule.
Methods: This study employed a systematic review to observe articles related to halal food awareness and halal food certification in Indonesia and other countries that serve Muslim consumers, which have been published online in the accredited journal, such as Scopus journals, ProQuest journals, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria employed in this study were halal Food, certification, academic journals, and full papers. This searching was limited to articles in the last ten years, except the articles which are not related to the theme. PRISMA method was implemented to assess the selected articles critically. The article searching was based on Halal Food keywords in ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The full inclusion tests resulted in one thousand three hundred seventy articles; however, after conducting the inclusion and exclusion, the researcher obtained five articles.
Results: The researchers found that hospitals, both in the Muslim majority and minority places, were not fully aware of halal food services. Nevertheless, few Islamic hospitals have Halal Assurance certification in providing their food due to the Sharia accreditation requirement. The low interest in obtaining the Halal Guarantee certification was due to several problems, such as lack of knowledge about halal, financial problems, and government support.
Conclusions: The need of awareness of hospital as a health service provider to provide a halal food for muslim patient by participating in the implementation of Halal Food Guarantee Certification.
Keywords: halal food, certification, motivatio
The combination of alkaline water provision and asthma-induced gymnastics towards peak expiratory flow rate of asthma patients at Surakarta Lung Clinic, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Asthma is an abnormality in the form of chronic airway inflammation which can be reduced by providing asthma induced gymnastics and healthy lifestyle such as consuming alkaline water.Aims: The objective of this study is to examine a combination of alkaline water provision and asthma-induced gymnastics towards peak expiratory flow rate of asthma patients at Surakarta Lung Clinic, IndonesiaMethods: This research was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with control group. The number of respondents in this study was 30 respondents, divided equally into intervention group and control group. The control group was given asthma induced gymnastics twice a week for 14 days with duration of 60 minutes, while the intervention group was provided with a combination of alkaline water pH9+ for 14 days as much as 1,200 ml/day and asthma-induced gymnastics 4 times a week for 14 days with a duration of 60 minutes.Results: There was a significant difference in the value of peak expiratory flow for 14 days in the intervention group and the control group (p < 0.001). There was an improvement in the average of peak expiratory flow rate values for each measurement in both groups, however, this study orchestrates that the intervention group has a higher improvement than the control group. The combination of alkaline water and asthma-induced gymnastics effectively and significantly improves the peak expiratory flow rate values at the Day 8 (p = 0.039) and the Day 14 (p = 0.012).Conclusion: The combination of alkaline water and asthma-induced gymnastics can be applied in nursing care management in patients with intermittent and persistent asthma.
Keywords: Alkaline water, Asthma-induced exercise, Peak expiratory flow rate Asthma
Received: 25 August 2018, Reviewed: 06 September 2018, Received : in revised form 23 February 2019, Accepted: 26 February 2019
DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-31550
FACTORS AFFECTING WORK PERFORMANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING FIELD WORKERS OF NATIONAL AGENCY OF POPULATION AND FAMILY PLANNING (BKKBN) IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Get PDFBackground: In a company or institution the most important asset is human resources. One of the functions of human resource management is training and development. The problem of family planning field worker in East Java Province that often faced is during the implementation of training activities, trainees showed high enthusiasm. However, based on data from BKKBN of East Java Province through Radalgram (program control meeting) in August 2018 explained that their performance achievements were still 73,41% of target more than 90%. This research was conducted at East Java Province to get an overview of the factors that affect the work performance of family planning field workers.
Methods: The research design was a quantitative method used surveys. Measurement tool of this research is a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's Correlation, Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis.
Results: Overall of the level of importance of factors affecting work performance of family planning of BKKBN in East Java Province, Indonesia were at high levels. The finding also revealed that there was a positive correlation between personal factor, training factors, organizational factors, and work performance. Teaching techniques had the highest influence on work performance, it could predict 38.6% of work performance. The second factor that effects work performance was self-directed learning which is could increase the prediction rate by 7.5 %. Furthermore, the third factor that affects performance isorganizational support, then the fourth and fifth factors are curriculum and training facilities that could increase the predictive rate of 3.7%, 1.8% and 1.0% respectively.
Conclusions: Based on the result of this research, the highest influence factors to the work performance of family planning field workers of BKKBN in East Java Province, Indonesia are teaching techniques. The second highest factor is self-directed learning, then the third factor is organizational support. Other factors that affect performance in fourth and fifth are curriculum and training facilities. The researcher suggest that BKKBN pay more attention to facilitators so they can add competency in teaching, support family planning field workers by providing online learning programs and library. Moreover, BKKBN is expected to be able to make policies that provide fair assesment and appreciation for family planning field workers who have good performance. In addition, BKKBN should design a curriculum that is up to date and in accordance with the content of the training program, revitalizing training facilities in education and training center, so that family planning field workers are more comfortable to learn both independently and in groups. BKKBN expects that every family planning field workers to always learn independently and improve their competence in order to create innovative activities in carrying out work tasks in the area.
Keywords: Family planning field workers, self-directed learning, training, perceived organizational support, work performanc
ASSOCIATION AMONG STATIN, TELOMERE LENGTH AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Get PDFBackground: Recent evidence has shown associations between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and telomere length (TL). Many factors affect telomerase activity (TA) and TL, and statin was recently found to be associated with TA and TL. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence on the effect of statin on TA and TL, and update the knowledge of association between TL and CVDs. Primary objective is to determine the effect of statin on TA and TL; Secondary objective, to assess the associations between TL and CVDs.
Methods: The MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched to identify eligible studies and extracted data. Meta-analysis was done to see effects of statin on TA/TL [i.e., standardized/unstandardized mean difference (SMD/USMD)] and TL on CVDs using random-effects and fixed-effects model according to heterogeneity assessed by Q test and I2.
Results: Five and 18 studies were selected for the primary and secondary objectives, respectively. Pooled TA showed effect of statin on TA with SMD [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 1.90 (1.16, 2.64) TA. However, no significant effect on TL was seen. Increased risk of CHD among participants with shorter TL was estimated by a pooled risk ratio of 1.58 (1.19, 2.09). However, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for CHD and stroke were non-significant; but shorter TL was significantly increased risk for unspecified CVDs with pooled HR of 1.33 (1.04, 1.70).
Conclusions: Our study showed association between statin and TA, but not for TL. In addition, shorter TL is more likely to be higher risk for CHD and unspecified CVDs. However, results were still inconclusive based on different pooled parameters. More studies are required to confirm the association of statin with TL, possibly to elucidate its protective effect on CVDs.
Keywords: Telomere, Telomerase, Statin, Cardiovascular disease
THE COMPARISON OF DIARRHEA INCIDENCE BETWEEN 0-6 MONTHS OLD INFANTS WHO WERE EXCLUSIVELY BREASTFED, NON-EXCLUSIVELY BREASTFED AND GIVEN MILK FORMULA IN CIREBON CITY, INDONESIA
Get PDFBackground: Infant diarrhea is one of the major health issues in Indonesia due to its high incidence and mortality. In 2015, the mortality rate of diarrhea and gastroenteritis in infants under one year in hospitals in Cirebon was 21%. Inappropriate infant feeding practice is one of the risk factors of diarrhea in infants. WHO recommends that every infant should get exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life and continued breastfeeding until 24 months of age. The aim of this study is to findout the difference in diarrhea incidence between 0-6 months old infants who were exclusively breastfed, non-exclusively breastfed, and given infant milk formula.
Methods: This was an observational study with cross-sectional design. A total of 89 infants aged 0-6 months old were recruited by purposive sampling. The primary data were obtained using questionnaires that were filled by the mother or caregiver of the infants. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Prevalence Ratio was calculated.
Results: The Chi-Square test showed a significant difference in diarrhea incidence between 0-6 months old infants who were exclusively breastfed, non-exclusively breastfed and infant milk formula (p=0,028). Infants who were not breastfed have 4 times higher risk of diarrhea (PR=4.145; CI95%= 1.198-14.400) compared to infants who were breastfed. Infants who were not exclusively breastfed has 3 times higher risk of diarrhea incidence compared to the infants receiving exclusive breastfeeding(RP=3.286; CI95%=1.144-9.434)
Conclusion: Proper breastfeeding practice can decrease diarrhea incidence in infants aged 0-6 months. Mothers should be encouraged to exclusively breastfeed her baby during the first 6 months of life.
Keywords: Diarrhea, breastfeeding, infant milk formula, infant feeding practic
INHIBITORY TEST OF DAYAK ONION (ELEUTHERINE BULBOSA MILL.) ESSENTIAL OIL TO THE GROWTH OF MALASSEZIA FURFUR
Get PDFBackground: Certain fungi are normal flora on human mucosa and skin, and they require lipids for growth. One of them is Malassezia furfur, which can develop into an opportunistic infection and will take a long time to treat. The fungus may cause pityriasis versicolor, which cause scaly and discoloration of the skin. It is estimated that 40-50% from population in the tropical country is infected. Dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.) essential oil have the potential to treat fungal infections. This research aims to see the inhibitory potential of dayak onion essential oil (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.) in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia furfur.
Methods: This is an experimental study with a post-test control group design. The samples grouped into 7 groups. The first five treatment (P1 to P5) was given dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.) essential oil with a concentration of 3.125%,6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50%, P6 (positive control) was given ketoconazole, and P7 (negative control) was given 10% DMSO. The inhibitory effect is measured from the diameter of the inhibitory zone, then analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.
Result: The result showed that average diameter on 50% concentration is 9.25mm, 25% concentration is 7.5mm, 12.5% concentration have diameter of 4.5mm, 6.25% concentration have diameter of 3mm, 3.125% concentration with diameter of 1.75mm, positive control group with diameter of 20mm, and negative control group with diameter 0mm.
Conclusions: Essential oil of dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.) shows inhibition of the growth of Malassezia furfur. The smallest inhibition zone diameter was 1.75 mm with concentration of 3.125%. The largest inhibition zone at a concentration of 50% with diameter of 9.25 mm. This finding showed potential effects towards antifungi treatment.
Keywords: Eleutherine bulbosa Mill, Malassezia fufur, pityriasis versicolor
THE REBORN OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING METHOD: ANTENATAL BREAST EXPRESSION (ABE) : A LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Antenatal Breast Expression (ABE) is believed as a potential method to improve colostrum secretion upon labor which the complex content of colostrum can prevent the infection, obesity, diabetes and malignant diseases among newborns. This study aims to to analyze and provide detailed description on the practice of ABE to support the exclusive breastfeeding program.
Method: Literature review was conducted in this study using the PRISMA protocol guidelines. Data were obtained by accessing electronic resources from Science Direct, Sage Publications, PubMed, and Google Scholar with ‘antenatal breast expression', ‘antenatal milk expression', and ‘colostrum secretion' as the keywords. The articles analyzed in this study were published from 2009 to 2018 and written in English.
Results: There were eighty articles recorded, of which eight articles were included in the systematic review. ABE was performed every day when the pregnancy reaches 37 weeks. The average secretion time of this practice was 5-10 minutes each for 1-4 times a day, preferably during showers. The ABE affected babies in that it allowed them to get timely nutritional intake in order to stabilize blood sugar and to prevent icterus. Even though the practice of ABE was viewed differently among women ofreproductive age, it nonetheless helped to improve self-confidence among breastfeeding mothers, to reduce transition interval from Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB) to full lactation, to improve lactation performance, and to induce natural delivery. However, it was not yet widely practiced as it was still under consideration by the International Board Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC).
Conclusion: ABE has proven to benefit both mothers and babies, despite existing pros and cons. Therefore, there is a need for more systematic review using other keywords and methods on the safety and efficacy of ABE practice to ensure its benefit for breastfeeding.
Keywords: Antenatal breast expression, colostrum secretion, exclusive breastfeedin
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) experience metabolic disorders and hyperandrogenism. The acupuncture is an alternative medicinal treatment and complimentary for the women with PCOS. The aim of this research was to identify acupuncture effectiveness for metabolism problem and hyperandrogenism for the women with PCOS.
Methods: This was a systematic review using several published literature obtained from direct electronic data of science, PubMed, and other sites through the PRISMA method using the Boolean operator's system (AND). The inclusion criteria consisted of the studies with Randomized controlled trial (RCT) published in 2009 to 2019, women with PCOS aged 18 to 45 years old as the subjects, the intervention using all of the kind of acupuncture that was compared to placebo, physical training, sham,and medicines. Meanwhile, exclusion criteria were studies with systematic review and meta-analysis, focusing on intervention, medicines, and physical training by using experimental animals. The measurement value of HOMA-IR, LH, FSH, ratio LH/FSH, TT, FT, SHBG, and DHEA-S.
Results: The search resulted in 509 studies, of which a total of 6 studies were included in this systematic review. The acupuncture has effects on metabolism problem and hyperandrogenism for the women with PCOS, such as the decrease of HOMA-IR (3 studies) and LH tense (2 studies), LH/FSH ratio reduction (3 studies), as well as, the decline of TT tense (4 studies) and FT tense (4 studies), but the increase of SHBG tense (3 studies), and the decrease of DHEA-S (2 studies). However, the tense of LH had nosignificant change in all of the studies.
Conclusions: The acupuncture can be effective in solving the metabolism problem and hyperandrogenism of women with PCOS.
Keywords: Acupuncture, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Hormone, Alternative medicinal treatmen
DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER (DHF) EDUCATIVE GAME TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN DHF PREVENTION
Get PDFBackground: The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia released data on the number of dengue fever sufferers in Indonesia on January 29, 2019 there are 13,683 cases and increased to 16,692 cases on February 3, 2019. The Director General of Disease Prevention and Control said that 90% of cases of dengue fever were children under age of 15 years.The Ministry of Health noted the number of cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in January 2019 increased to 121.8% compared to January lastyear. This study aims to examine the effect of educational games on increasing the knowledge and skills of elementary school age children about the prevention of dengue fever.
Methods: To test the hypothesis, this study uses experimental research methodology to determine the results of treatment of a particular group to produce an innovation and recommendations for prevention of dengue fever in children.
Results: This educational game can increase children's interest in learning to prevent dengue fever and improve their ability to prevent dengue fever. Educational games methods for elementary school age children can influence children's understanding and skills in preventing dengue fever at the age of elementary school children. This study was able to describe the effect of educational game with clean and healthy behaviour that more effective to prevent the incidence of dengue fever in elementary schoolaged children.
Conclusion: This educational game needs to be continuously applied and developed to reduce the incidence of dengue fever in children under 15 years of age. In the future, researchers should have to developed more modern design it can be like a virtual game that more atractive for the children. So, the goals of this research can be achieved.
Keywords : Game, Mosquito, Elementary school childre