Publications of the Indonesian Scholars' Alliance
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Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Treatment of Urticaria post-COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review
Full text linkBackground: Vaccination for COVID-19 has been intensively developed since the end of 2020. Its use must also obtain an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) permit. Some of the vaccines have been used including Sinovac, Astra Zeneca, Moderna, Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, and Sinopharm. In fact, there are many effects that have developed after the COVID-19 vaccination administration like local reactions, systemic reactions, and other reactions. In addition, one of them is urticaria. However, the existing literature has focused poorly on urticaria caused by COVID-19 vaccines.
Aims: This research explores the prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment of urticaria post-COVID-19 vaccination.
Methods: This study conducted a systematic review based on the guideline which is Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We searched Scopus, ProQuest, Ebsco, and Google Scholar databases from 2020 until 2022 for identifying the data regarding urticaria post-COVID-19 vaccination. In a nutshell, 9 studies were included in the systematic review.
Results: Only 28% of urticarial rashes incident among all cutaneous adverse reactions after post-COVID-19, it was higher among females and people aged 45-49 years old, and people with allergy histories. The most frequent reaction is urticarial following the COVID-19 vaccine administration. This concerns hypersensitivity reaction related to Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated, Immunoglobulin G (IgG), and sensitizing excipients in COVID-19 vaccines.
Conclusion: This systematic review raises the concern of hypersensitivity reaction that related to IgE-mediated, IgG, and sensitizing excipients in COVID-19 vaccines. Urticaria is the most frequent reaction after the COVID-19 vaccine administration. Attention to medical history and immunology/allergy consultation might be advantageous to assess the risk of allergy and the guidance of the vaccine.
Received: 9 May 2023; Revised: 8 June 2023; Accepted: 18 July 202
Risk factors for severe stunted among Children aged 2-5 years with stunting in Pontianak City, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Stunting is still a major public health in developing countries, including Indonesia. There are many predictors that might contribute to stunting, including child factors, mother factors, household factors, and community. This study focuses on children and mother level.
Aims: This study aimed to examine the factors associated with severe stunted among children aged 2 to 5 years old.
Methods: This study uses primary data in Pontianak City, Indonesia the data has been collected from January to February 2023. Respondents were selected by total sampling method. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate have been done using STATA 17.
Results: The analysis data revealed that 75.98% of children were stunted and 24.20 were severe stunted. The factors including low birth weight and birth interval were found significantly associated with severe stunted, other independent variables did not have a correlation for being severe stunted.
Conclusion: According to children's factors and maternal factors, the variables of low birth weight and birth interval were found to correlate with being severe stunted
Innovative strategies to promote global health: Lessons from the Covid-19 pandemic
Full text linkThe current view is that the hold of the Covid-19 virus is now being altered from pandemic to endemic status with global cooperation. While vaccination remains a central component of the public health interventions required to achieve this, a range of innovative health promotion strategies are also needed in parallel if we are to ensure that the pandemic continues to wane further.
Research and personal experience tell us that Covid-19 vaccines offer high protection against severe illness, aid the delivery of health care and save lives. However, WHO communiqués reiterate that vaccine hesitancy is a major threat to global health and that many countries still need to improve vaccination rates. It is also stated that in order to do this innovative strategies are needed to establish greater trust, improve communication and reduce misinformation. Consequently health care providers are being urged to build on lessons learned during the pandemic, find ways to build trust, counter residual vaccine hesitancy and promote other health related behaviors that are inclusive, allay fears and avoid scapegoating.
Importantly, the strategies needed to increase willingness to be vaccinated and promote the health-related knowledge and behaviors necessary for the pandemic to continue to wane are now known to be highly country-specific, and regional differences in what approaches are required are also evident within counties. Consequently, as health care providers we need to develop innovative strategies and employ task shifting to the meet the specific needs of the individual populations we serve. This review summarizes ways to approach this challenge based the core principles advocated by WHO for promoting health literacy and changing behaviors; community empowerment, people-centered strategies, innovative education, novel and improved tools, training to respond to local needs, and the use of non-traditional avenues and outlets
Protecting the Future: Enriching reflections on the Covid-19 pandemic from Interdisciplinary Research
Full text linkCovid-19 spreads sporadically throughout the world at a high mortality rate. This virus caused a health crisis that forced the World Health Organization to declare it a global pandemic and caused various countries to implement massive social restrictions. Until March 2023, there were 160,963 deaths because of Covid-19, making Indonesia the second highest in Asia. Indonesia's lousy experience managing the Covid-19 pandemic should raise awareness that a crisis can occur at any time. Even though the current situation has improved a lot, preparedness and vigilance should not be neglected. No one can guarantee that a pandemic like Covid-19 will not occur again. Based on this situation, it is essential to look more deeply at the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and how scholars in various disciplines deal with it. To analyze future risks, interdisciplinary research is needed. This is a research approach that can link the main issues of the medical and health disciplines with other disciplines, such as the environment, social welfare, and public policy
Breast massage to support the success of exclusive breastfeeding among postpartum mothers in Pekanbaru, Indonesia
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Lessons on effective communication from Taiwan Government to combat COVID-19
Full text linkThis perspectives explain the extraordinary gap in cases and deaths between Indonesia and Taiwan. The paper will answer the question: Why does Taiwan have just 7 deaths while Indonesia reported 14,348 deaths in the first week of November 2020? What strategy did Taiwan's government employ to combat COVID-19? What lesson can be learned from Taiwan to combat Covid-19? The aim of this article is to identify lessons on effective communications strategy used by Taiwan's government that can affect government, health professionals, and population together to combat COVID-19
The Correlation of Age, Gender, Heredity, Smoking Habit, Obesity, and Salt Consumption with Hypertension Grade in Cirebon, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Hypertension is one of the most global killer diseases that causes death. The World Health Organization estimated around 1.5 billion people in the world will be diagnosed with hypertension every year. The increasing incidences of hypertension in the world may be affected by several predictors including age, sex-linked, heredity, smoking habit, obesity, and salt consumption. This study has objective to examine those predictors to hypertension grade.
Methods: This research was used observational analytic method with cross-sectional study. This study involved 136 respondents who came to Kalijaga Permai Public Health Center, Cirebon City. The variables were measured by microtoise, sphygmomanometer, stethoscope, scales, and questionnaires. Spearman correlation test and logistic regression test was analyzed for this study.
Results: 59.9% of respondents were in hypertension grade 1 and 54% of respondents were in high risk age. The bivariate results revealed that age, sex-linked, heredity, and salt consumption were statistically correlated with hypertension grade (p=0.001). However, smoking habit and obesity were not statistically correlated. Multivariate analysis found that those who add extra salt were 3.3 times more likely to have hypertension grade 2 and those in high risk age were 3.1 more likely to have hypertension grade 2 as well. Compared with female and those who have negative heredity, male and positive heredity were 2.7 times more likely to have hypertension grade 2.
Conclusion: Salt consumption, age, sex-linked, heredity was significantly correlated with hypertension grade. Salt consumption was a risk factors which has the highest impact. Public health center should educate people about the recommendation of daily salt intake to prevent the excessive intake that may affect hypertension.
Keywords: hypertension, smoking habit, obesity, salt consumption, age, gender, heredity
Received: 26 April 2019 Reviewed: 27 May 2019 Revised: 17 June 2019 Accepted: 12 July 2019
DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-3358
Health education to the families of drug users: Establishing safe family conversations
Full text linkThis photo essay records a 5-hour health education session for the families of drug users in order to help them in establishing safe family conversations among the family members. After the discussion was over, the rundown included hospitality and dinner together. While enjoying the foods, the Panti residents joined the sharing session, and expressed their feelings missing their family and home. The residents want to connect hearts with their families. In the future, it is necessary to build a sustainable relationship for the success of the drug eradication program in our beloved country, Indonesia. Since the activity was held during the COVID-19 pandemic, the team also showed concern by providing masks to each participant
SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA INCIDENCE ALONG HLAINGBWE TOWNSHIP IN MYANMAR AND THA SONG YANG DISTRICT IN THAILAND
Full text linkBackground: Malaria stays a serious public health problem in many countries of the world. The border regions are difficult to control for the malaria elimination due to the importation or reintroduction of malaria. A key to address such problem is reinforcing of surveillance activities with rapid identification. The objective of the study was to describe the malaria incidence rate and analyze the space and time distribution of malaria incidence rate in the high endemic border areas between Myanmar andThailand, the Hlaingbwe Township and Tha Song Yang District.
Methodology: Daily malaria data were collected, using a passive surveillance system, from patients visiting local health facilities in both Tha Song Yang and Hlaingbwe regions. ArcMap software version 10.4.1 was used to describe the disease mapping of malaria incidence rate in both regions.
Results: Compared to their counterparts, male gender had higher malaria incidence rates in both Tha Song Yang and Hlaingbwe regions. Non-Thai people had higher incidence rate than Thai in Tha Song Yang district. The higher incidence rates had seasonal pattern and the pattern was similar in both regions. The areas with a higher incidence rate could be seen in both inner side and along Thai- Myanmar border (upper and lower parts) in Tha Song Yang area. But in Hlaingbwe Township, the higher incidence rate occurred only in the inner and upper parts except for Me La Yaw and Tar Le areas which are situated along the Thai-Myanmar border. Along the border, the higher incidence rates were connected to the adjacent area in upper and lower parts between these two regions.
Conclusion: The descriptive statistics and presented map in this study gave the health policy makers an important overview of malaria situation in this regions in order to intervene high risk areas more effectively, and distribute the resources in a useful manner