Comptes Rendus Géoscience

Manuel Antonio Juncal

Iván Rodriguez Barreiro

Jean Galtier

Jean Broutin

Pierre Pellenard

Jean-Sébastien Steyer

José Bienvenido Diez

Georges Gand

The Asselian palynoflora from the Autunian series (Muse oil-shale beds, Autun Basin, France): new insights on early Permian equatorial palaeoflora and palaeoenvironments

Jonathan Chenal

Supplementary material to
”Observational uncertainties on past and future
sea level rise for Marseille and Brest tide gauges”
Jonathan Chenal1
March 2025
1 Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière
Service de géodésie et métrologie
Centre national d’études spatiales, IGN/Bâtiment Euler
318 Avenue Édouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
jonathan.chenal@ign.fr
ORCID 0009-0006-5565-4046
1 Harmonic coefficients
Brest Marseille
Correction model Period (yr) Amplitude (mm) Phase (d) Amplitude (mm) Phase (d)
Long cycles only
18.6 9.7719 95.6844 4.4106 260.1455
8.8 6.5255 129.4989 4.9526 209.7561
Short cycles only
1.0 47.6692 317.2584 34.3711 298.3846
0.5 14.9691 266.5961 22.1569 274.1637
All cycles only
18.6 9.7530 94.2077 4.4163 264.8401
8.8 6.5438 133.6769 5.0301 209.3842
1.0 47.6769 317.3024 34.3788 298.4278
0.5 14.9518 266.5522 22.1664 274.1607
IB + all res. cycles
18.6 10.6139 107.9147 4.0670 248.8218
8.8 3.0757 114.5262 4.9398 213.4365
1.0 39.6825 306.8737 44.2408 305.5895
0.5 14.7933 290.9302 24.0397 293.6918
Table 1: Amplitude and phase estimates for Brest and Marseille periodic com-
ponents of periods 0.5, 1.0, 8.8 and 18.6 years, in different corrections configu-
rations.
1
2 Sea level trends and accelerations triangles for
different corrections schemes
2.1 Linear model
2
C
or
re
ct
io
n
s
18
8
5
.0
-2
0
2
2
.0
1
9
6
2
.0
-2
0
2
2
.0
1
9
9
2
.0
-2
0
2
2
.0
N
E
A
(B
re
st
)
N
W
M
(M
a
rs
ei
ll
e)
N
E
A
(B
re
st
)
N
W
M
(M
a
rs
ei
ll
e)
N
E
A
(B
re
st
)
N
W
M
(M
a
rs
ei
ll
e)
N
on
e
1.
62
±
0.
16
1
.2
7
±
0
.1
1
1
.9
4
±
0
.4
8
1
.1
3
±
0
.3
4
2
.9
9
±
1
.7
2
2
.8
8
±
1
.2
4
A
ll
cy
cl
es
on
ly
1.
62
±
0.
12
1
.2
7
±
0
.0
9
2
.0
0
±
0
.3
6
1
.1
3
±
0
.2
7
2
.7
8
±
1
.2
9
2
.9
9
±
0
.9
7
L
on
g
cy
cl
es
on
ly
1.
62
±
0.
15
1
.2
7
±
0
.1
1
2
.0
2
±
0
.4
7
1
.1
5
±
0
.3
4
2
.8
3
±
1
.6
9
3
.0
2
±
1
.2
4
S
h
or
t
cy
cl
es
on
ly
1.
61
±
0.
12
1
.2
7
±
0
.0
9
1
.9
3
±
0
.3
6
1
.1
9
±
0
.2
7
2
.9
3
±
1
.3
1
2
.8
5
±
0
.9
8
In
v
.
b
ar
om
et
er
on
ly
1.
80
±
0.
11
1
.3
8
±
0
.1
0
1
.8
4
±
0
.3
4
1
.2
3
±
0
.2
9
2
.8
1
±
1
.2
2
2
.4
0
±
1
.0
6
In
v
.
b
ar
om
et
er
+
al
l
re
s.
cy
cl
es
1.
80
±
0.
08
1
.3
8
±
0
.0
6
1
.9
2
±
0
.2
5
1
.1
6
±
0
.1
8
2
.5
6
±
0
.9
1
2
.5
0
±
0
.6
5
T
ab
le
2:
T
re
n
d
s
(m
m
/y
r)
es
ti
m
at
ed
fr
om
a
li
n
ea
r
fi
t
o
n
co
m
b
in
ed
so
lu
ti
o
n
o
b
ta
in
ed
fr
o
m
N
o
rt
h
-E
a
st
er
n
A
tl
a
n
ti
c
ti
d
e
g
a
u
g
es
al
ig
n
ed
on
B
re
st
ti
m
e
se
ri
es
,
an
d
fr
om
N
or
th
-W
es
te
rn
M
ed
it
er
ra
n
ea
n
ti
d
e
g
a
u
g
es
a
li
g
n
ed
o
n
M
a
rs
ei
ll
e
ti
m
e
se
ri
es
,
fo
r
th
re
e
ti
m
e
sp
an
(1
88
5.
0-
20
22
.0
(1
37
ye
ar
s,
fu
ll
ti
m
e
sp
a
n
),
1
9
6
2
.0
-2
0
2
2
.0
(6
0
y
ea
rs
)
a
n
d
1
9
9
2
.0
-2
0
2
2
.0
(3
0
ye
a
rs
))
,
a
n
d
fo
r
se
ve
ra
l
co
rr
ec
ti
on
s
ap
p
li
ed
(h
er
e
”a
ll
cy
cl
es
”
ar
e
cy
cl
es
w
it
h
p
er
io
d
s
o
f
1
8
.6
,
8
.8
,
1
.0
a
n
d
0
.5
ye
ar
s,
w
h
il
e
”
lo
n
g
cy
cl
es
”
a
re
th
e
tw
o
lo
n
ge
st
cy
cl
es
,
w
it
h
p
er
io
d
s
of
18
.6
a
n
d
8.
8
ye
a
rs
o
n
ly
).
W
h
en
th
e
in
v
er
se
b
a
ro
m
et
er
is
co
rr
ec
te
d
,
cy
cl
es
a
re
es
ti
m
a
te
d
a
n
d
co
rr
ec
te
d
fo
r
on
re
si
d
u
al
s
fr
om
th
e
in
ve
rs
e
b
ar
o
m
et
er
co
rr
ec
ti
o
n
.
3
2.2 Quadratic model
4
C
or
re
ct
io
n
s
T
re
n
d
18
85
.0
-2
02
2
.0
T
re
n
d
19
62
.0
-2
0
22
.0
N
E
A
(B
re
st
)
N
W
M
(M
a
rs
ei
ll
e)
N
E
A
(B
re
st
)
N
W
M
(M
ar
se
il
le
)
N
on
e
1.
69
±
0.
42
1.
12
1
4
±
0.
3
01
8
2
.5
1
±
0.
8
3
2.
75
89
±
0.
60
08
A
ll
cy
cl
es
on
ly
1.
67
80
±
0.
3
14
2
1.
12
4
6
±
0.
2
36
3
2.
4
81
1
±
0.
62
4
5
2.
81
51
±
0.
47
05
L
on
g
cy
cl
es
on
ly
1.
68
69
±
0.
4
11
6
1.
12
7
4
±
0.
3
00
1
2.
4
75
5
±
0.
81
8
0
2.
80
89
±
0.
59
74
S
h
or
t
cy
cl
es
on
ly
1.
68
67
±
0.
3
19
7
1.
11
9
8
±
0.
2
38
1
2.
5
12
6
±
0.
63
5
4
2.
76
91
±
0.
47
40
In
v
.
b
ar
om
et
er
on
ly
1.
72
78
±
0.
2
95
8
1.
15
3
7
±
0.
2
57
4
2.
1
35
8
±
0.
58
7
8
2.
43
80
±
0.
51
25
In
v
.
b
ar
om
et
er
+
al
l
re
s.
cy
cl
es
1.
72
59
±
0.
2
21
5
1.
15
8
8
±
0.
1
58
8
2.
1
36
4
±
0.
44
0
2
2.
50
20
±
0.
31
62
C
or
re
ct
io
n
s
D
eg
.
2
co
eff
.
18
85
.0
-2
02
3
.0
D
eg
.
2
co
eff
.
19
62
.0
-2
0
23
.0
N
E
A
(B
re
st
)
N
W
M
(M
a
rs
ei
ll
e)
N
E
A
(B
re
st
)
N
W
M
(M
ar
se
il
le
)
N
on
e
0.
00
08
±
0.
0
04
2
-0
.0
01
6
±
0.
00
30
0.
0
25
7
±
0.
03
0
8
0.
07
01
±
0.
02
23
A
ll
cy
cl
es
on
ly
0.
00
06
±
0.
0
03
2
-0
.0
01
6
±
0.
00
24
0.
0
21
8
±
0.
02
3
2
0.
07
62
±
0.
01
74
L
on
g
cy
cl
es
on
ly
0.
00
07
±
0.
0
04
1
-0
.0
01
6
±
0.
00
30
0.
0
20
9
±
0.
03
0
4
0.
07
50
±
0.
02
21
S
h
or
t
cy
cl
es
on
ly
0.
00
08
±
0.
0
03
2
-0
.0
01
7
±
0.
00
24
0.
0
26
7
±
0.
02
3
6
0.
07
14
±
0.
01
76
In
v
.
b
ar
om
et
er
on
ly
-0
.0
00
8
±
0.
0
03
0
-0
.0
02
4
±
0.
00
26
0.
0
13
5
±
0.
02
1
9
0.
05
44
±
0.
01
90
In
v
.
b
ar
om
et
er
+
al
l
re
s.
cy
cl
es
-0
.0
00
9
±
0.
0
02
2
-0
.0
02
4
±
0.
00
16
0.
0
09
7
±
0.
01
6
4
0.
06
05
±
0.
01
17
T
ab
le
3:
U
p
:
tr
en
d
s
(m
m
/y
r)
es
ti
m
a
te
d
fr
om
a
q
u
a
d
ra
ti
c
fi
t
o
n
co
m
b
in
ed
so
lu
ti
o
n
o
b
ta
in
ed
fr
o
m
N
o
rt
h
-E
a
st
er
n
A
tl
a
n
ti
c
ti
d
e
ga
u
ge
s
al
ig
n
ed
on
B
re
st
ti
m
e
se
ri
es
,
an
d
fr
om
N
o
rt
h
-W
es
te
rn
M
ed
it
er
ra
n
ea
n
ti
d
e
g
a
u
g
es
al
ig
n
ed
o
n
M
a
rs
ei
ll
e
ti
m
e
se
ri
es
,
fo
r
tw
o
ti
m
e
sp
an
(1
88
5.
0-
2
02
2.
0
(1
37
ye
ar
s,
fu
ll
ti
m
e
sp
a
n
)
a
n
d
1
9
6
2
.0
-2
0
2
2
.0
(6
0
ye
a
rs
))
,
a
n
d
fo
r
se
v
er
a
l
co
rr
ec
ti
o
n
s
a
p
p
li
ed
(h
er
e
”a
ll
cy
cl
es
”
ar
e
cy
cl
es
w
it
h
p
er
io
d
s
of
18
.6
,
8.
8,
1
.0
a
n
d
0
.5
ye
a
rs
,
w
h
il
e
”
lo
n
g
cy
cl
es
”
a
re
th
e
tw
o
lo
n
g
es
t
cy
cl
es
,
w
it
h
p
er
io
d
s
of
18
.6
an
d
8.
8
ye
ar
s
on
ly
).
B
ot
to
m
:
sa
m
e
b
u
t
d
eg
re
e
2
co
effi
ci
en
t
(m
m
/
y
r/
y
r)
;
n
o
te
th
a
t
a
cc
el
er
a
ti
o
n
s
is
th
e
d
o
u
b
le
o
f
d
a
ta
in
d
ic
at
ed
in
th
e
ta
b
le
.
5
3 Extrapolations best estimates
Figure 1: Brest (top two lines) and Marseille (bottom two lines) sea level projec-
tions (mm) with respect to 1995-2014 mean sea level, depending on interpolation
period length (y axis) and time horizon (x axis). For each location, linear ex-
trapolation is on the top, quadratic on the bottom. Left : uncorrected time
series. Middle : IB corrected time series. Right : IB + periodic component
corrected time series.
6


Observational uncertainties on past and future sea level rise for Marseille and Brest tide gauges

Ellyn Auriol

Marie Bouchet

Emilie Capron

Frédéric Parrenin

Amaëlle Landais

Building a coherent chronological framework for ice cores, marine sediment
cores and speleothems over the last 640,000 years
Ellyn Auriol*,1,2 , Marie Bouchet1 , Emilie Capron3 , Frédéric Parrenin3 ,
Amaëlle Landais1
1CEA–CNRS–UVSQ–UPS, LSCE, IPSL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
2Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, INRAE, CEREGE, 
Aix-en-Provence, France
3Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Grenoble INP, IGE, France
E-mails: *auriol@cerege.fr (E. Auriol), marie.bouchet@lsce.ipsl.fr (M. Bouchet),
emilie.capron@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr (E. Capron), frederic.parrenin@univ-grenoble-
alpes.fr (F. Parrenin), amaelle.landais@lsce.ipsl.fr (A. Landais)
Supplementary informations
The fictitious depth of the composite speleothem
A composite speleothem does not have an intrinsic depth, as it results from the assemblage
of multiple distinct speleothems [Cheng et al., 2016]. However, the Paleochrono-1.1 software
requires depth values as tie points to integrate climate archives.
To address this constraint, we assigned a fictitious depth to the 655 dated horizons (U/Th
measurements) used in Cheng et al. [2009, 2013, 2016] to date the δ18Ocalcite record. Specifically,
we set a value of 1 mm per dated horizon, leading to a total depth of 655 mm. The depths of
the tie points are then calculated by linear interpolation from the depths of the dated horizons.
Figures
Figure 1: IODP U1308 age difference between its initial chronology and its background chronol-
ogy (σ of 1 and λ of 2000 years) obtained with Paleochrono-1.1 over the last 640 ka. The age
difference is calculated as per initial - background chronologies. A negative (positive) difference
indicated that the new chronology leads (lags) the initial chronology. Gray rectangles indicate
interglacials from MIS 15 to MIS 1.
0
-10000
20000
10000
-20000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Ag
e 
di
ff
er
en
ce
  I
ni
tia
l -
 b
ac
kg
ro
un
d 
ch
ro
no
lo
gi
es
 [y
r]
IODP U1308 age [ka BP]
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15
1
Figure 2: IODP U1308 age difference between its initial chronology and different test chronolo-
gies obtained with Paleochrono-1.1 over the last 640 ka. The age difference is calculated as per
initial - test chronologies. The different curves show different assumptions made of the IODP
U1308 prior parameters deposition rate uncertainty σ and correlation length λ. The gray curve
corresponds to the SM1 experiment, the orange curves correspond to SM1 (0.5-1000) and SM1
(0.5-5000), the pink curves correspond to SM1 (2-1000) and SM1 (2-5000). Bottom vertical
bars represent the age of corresponding tie points. Gray rectangles indicate interglacials from
MIS 15 to MIS 1.
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
IODP U1308 age [ka BP]
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15
0
-5000
5000
-10000
Ag
e 
di
ff
er
en
ce
 IO
D
P 
U
13
08
 - 
Te
st
 c
hr
on
ol
og
y 
[y
r]
SM1
SM1 (0.5-1000)
SM1 (0.5-5000) 
SM1 (2-1000)
SM1 (2-5000)
2
Figure 3: Evolution of climate over Terminations. a) Summer solstice insolation at 65°N [Laskar
et al., 2004]. b) Atmospheric CO2 concentration from EDC [Lüthi et al. [2008], Bereiter et al.
[2015], Nehrbass-Ahles et al. [2020]] on AICC2023 age scale. c) δ18Obenthic record from IODP
U1308 on its initial age scale [Hodell et al., 2008]. d) Chinese δ18Ocalcite records on U-Th age
scale [Cheng et al., 2016] e) IODP U1308 bulk δ18O used as indirect IRD proxy on its initial
age scale (axes are reversed) [Hodell et al., 2008]
2
3
4
5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
520
480
440
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650
-10
-8
-6
-4
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
18
δ 
   
O
   
   
   
   
[‰
]
be
nt
hi
c
 CO
   [ppm
]
2
18
δ    O
           [‰
]
calcite
bu
lk
 c
ar
bo
na
te
  δ
   
 O
 [‰
]
18
In
so
la
tio
n 
65
°N
Ju
ne
 2
1 
[W
/m
²] a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Age [ka BP]
3
Figure 4: Representations of new chronologies over the last 640 ka. a) Summer solstice insola-
tion at 65°N [Laskar et al., 2004]. b) Atmospheric CO2 concentration from EDC [Lüthi et al.
[2008], Bereiter et al. [2015], Nehrbass-Ahles et al. [2020]] on the SI1 timescale (gray), on SI2
(blue), and on SI3 (red). c) δ18Obenthic record from IODP U1308 on its initial age scale (black,
Hodell et al. [2008]), and on SM1, SM2 (100 yr) and SM2 (2000 yr). A vertical shift of + 2
‰was applied to the four experiments SM1 (0.5-1000), SM1 (0.5-5000), SM1 (2-1000) and SM1
(2-5000) to improve visual clarity.
2
3
4
5
6
7
540
520
500
480
460
440
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
2
3
4
5
6
7
540
520
500
480
460
440
120 124 128 132 136 140 144 148
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
2
3
4
5
6
7
540
520
500
480
460
440
232 236 240 244 248 252 256 260
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
2
3
4
5
6
7
540
520
500
480
460
440
405 410 415 420 425 430 435 440
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
445
2
3
4
5
6
7
540
520
500
480
460
440
505 510 515 520 525 530 535 540
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
545
2
3
4
5
6
7
540
520
500
480
460
440
600 610 620 630 640 650
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
TI TII TIII
TV TVI TVII
Age [ka BP]
18
δ 
   
O
   
   
   
   
[‰
]
be
nt
hi
c
18
δ 
   
O
   
   
   
   
[‰
]
be
nt
hi
c
 CO
   [ppm
]
2
 CO
   [ppm
]
2
In
so
la
tio
n 
65
°N
Ju
ne
 2
1 
[W
/m
²]
In
so
la
tio
n 
65
°N
Ju
ne
 2
1 
[W
/m
²]
a)
b)
c)
c)
SI1
SI2
SI3
initial
SM1
SM2 (100 yr)
SM2 (2000 yr)
SM1 (0.5 - 1000)
SM1 (0.5 - 5000)
SM1 (2 - 1000)
SM1 (2 - 5000)
b)
a)
4
Figure 5: Representations of new chronologies over the last 640 ka. a) Summer solstice insola-
tion at 65°N [Laskar et al., 2004]. b) Atmospheric CO2 concentration from EDC [Lüthi et al.
[2008], Bereiter et al. [2015], Nehrbass-Ahles et al. [2020]] on the SI1 timescale (gray), on SI2
(blue), and on SI3 (red). c) δ18Obenthic record from IODP U1308 on its initial age scale (black,
Hodell et al. [2008]), and on SM1, SM2 (100 yr) and SM2 (2000 yr). A vertical shift of + 2
‰was applied to the four experiments SM1 (0.5-1000), SM1 (0.5-5000), SM1 (2-1000) and SM1
(2-5000) to improve visual clarity.
2
3
4
5
6
7
520
480
440
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 600 640
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
Age [ka BP]
In
so
la
tio
n 
65
°N
 
Ju
ne
 2
1 
[W
/m
²]
 CO
   [ppm
]
2
18 δ 
   
O
   
   
   
   
[‰
]
be
nt
hi
c
5
Stratigraphic links
EDC - speleothem
Table 1: δ18Ocalcite - δ18Oatm stratigraphic links used for the Chinese speleothem composite and
EDC in the SI1 experiment
EDC EDC gas Speleothem
depth (m) age (ka BP) age (ka BP)
1485.61 107.79 108.50
1585.20 120.22 120.90
1706.92 128.73 128.80
1903.01 159.30 160.40
1921.37 162.95 163.00
1931.13 164.89 165.20
1997.19 179.40 178.30
2050.18 191.28 191.80
2096.02 200.25 199.00
2139.91 208.22 207.90
2160.01 211.40 209.30
2229.99 225.89 225.30
2232.88 226.76 227.60
2258.68 233.69 233.20
2300.06 242.10 242.20
2332.74 248.54 248.40
2363.62 259.36 258.70
2376.66 264.43 264.40
2409.39 277.70 279.00
2451.16 290.73 289.00
2466.27 295.92 293.90
2475.81 299.73 301.30
2490.37 304.88 304.90
2522.11 316.70 316.60
2582.63 334.03 334.30
2599.92 338.17 337.90
2664.62 376.73 377.30
2679.89 384.56 385.70
2707.22 397.87 398.50
2776.91 424.88 425.90
2784.70 429.08 428.80
2791.70 436.03 434.50
2793.91 438.69 440.30
2838.23 485.38 483.90
2857.55 498.16 500.60
2873.92 509.07 504.10
2894.57 523.64 521.00
2904.64 531.48 531.30
2909.14 535.19 534.90
6
2917.53 543.25 549.10
2930.36 553.57 555.60
2937.72 557.84 559.10
3002.71 585.70 583.00
3009.86 593.00 590.00
3018.09 603.99 602.70
3027.90 616.41 615.20
3038.00 628.83 627.50
3040.00 631.56 633.00
3043.26 638.12 638.20
Table 2: δ18Ocalcite - CH4 stratigraphic links used for the Chinese speleothem composite and
EDC in the SI2 experiment.
EDC EDC gas Speleothem
depth (m) age (ka BP) age (ka BP)
421.92 11.514 11.976
481.88 15.004 14.866
691.81 32.944 32.697
705.09 34.188 34.175
721.46 35.627 35.565
927.41 54.496 54.97
987.43 59.739 59.861
1258.1 86.409 84.481
1727.11 129.90 128.99
2307.4 242.99 242.76
2337.9 250.08 248.97
2586.5 334.72 334.72
2781.35 427.08 426.42
2907.6 533.79 532.56
2999.3 582.76 583.68
3040.4 632.16 627.93
7
Table 3: δ18Ocalcite - CH4 stratigraphic links used for the Chinese speleothem composite and
EDC in the SI2 experiment.
EDC EDC gas Speleothem
depth (m) age (ka BP) age (ka BP)
421.7 11.342 11.402
477.45 14.724 14.622
690.55 32.819 32.667
704 34.1 34.033
720.71 35.547 35.311
921.79 54.035 54.402
985.11 59.507 59.77
1251.24 85.82 84.176
1724.58 129.75 128.7
2306.8 242.92 241.98
2335.2 249.23 248.81
2585.62 334.56 334.28
2781 426.89 425.91
2906.4 532.82 530.9
2997.6 581.7 583.09
3038 628.79 626.35
8
IODP U1308 - speleothem
Table 4: δ18Ocalcite - IRD stratigraphic links used for IODP U1308 and the Chinese speleothem
composite in SM1 experiment
Depth IODP U1308 Age IODP U1308 Age speleothem composite
[mcd] on his age scale [ka BP] on his age scale [ka BP]
0.82 15.252 14.8
0.98 18.228 18.0
1.34 24.924 24.8
2.45 38.229 38.2
2.80 40.10 40.0
3.44 47.323 47.2
3.62 49.68 49.4
4.34 59.76 59.6
4.68 64.43 64.4
8.80 128.07 128.4
9.14 135.36 135.6
11.85 194.52 193.4
13.58 218.915 218.8
13.81 222.20 222.0
15.12 240.25 241.8
15.52 245.77 247.2
15.76 249.10 250.2
16.46 258.81 258.6
17.75 276.70 277.2
21.72 336.17 334.0
21.91 342.06 342.2
22.40 350.74 351.0
22.80 357.83 356.4
27.06 426.03 425.8
27.22 428.37 429.8
27.66 437.89 437.4
28.18 451.67 449.60
28.36 456.45 454.20
28.78 467.58 467.80
28.94 471.82 472.20
29.14 475.84 475.40
29.66 481.30 479.80
34.80 532.88 531.60
34.98 535.05 535.20
36.49 561.36 561.80
36.68 564.67 565.80
39.92 622.71 627.40
40.25 628.55 632.40
40.39 631.03 634.20
40.96 641.12 641.00
9
Table 5: δ18Ocalcite - IRD stratigraphic links used for IODP U1308 and the Chinese speleothem
composite in SM2 experiment
Depth IODP U1308 Age IODP U1308 Age speleothem composite
[mcd] on his age scale [ka BP] on his age scale [ka BP]
0.82 15.25 14.8
0.98 18.23 18.0
1.34 24.92 24.8
2.45 38.23 38.2
2.80 40.10 40.0
3.44 47.32 47.2
3.62 49.68 49.4
4.34 59.76 59.6
4.68 64.43 64.4
6.01 88.5 88.78
8.80 128.08 128.4
9.14 135.36 135.6
10.01 155.49 156.78
11.71 192.93 190.0
11.85 194.52 193.4
15.12 240.25 241.8
15.52 245.77 247.2
15.76 249.10 250.2
16.46 258.81 258.6
16.80 263.53 262.40
21.91 342.06 342.2
22.40 350.74 351.0
22.80 357.83 356.4
27.06 426.03 425.8
27.22 428.37 429.8
27.66 437.89 437.4
28.18 451.67 449.60
28.36 456.45 454.20
28.59 462.55 461.84
28.78 467.58 467.80
34.68 531.75 529.60
34.98 535.05 536.20
36.49 561.36 561.80
36.68 564.67 565.80
39.80 620.40 627.00
40.39 631.03 635.40
40.76 637.58 637.00
40.96 641.12 641.00
10
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11


Building a coherent chronological framework for ice cores, marine sediment cores and speleothems over the last 640 000 years

Magloire Mandeng-Yogo

Anne-Marie Lézine

Timing and amplitude of the dessication of Sahel at the end of African Humid Period: Senegal case study

Bruno Scalabrino

Yves Lagabrielle

Claudio Faccenna

Subduction of active spreading ridges and the disappearance of Andean-type cordilleras

Quentin Brunsmann

Claudio Luca Rosenberg

Nicolas Bellahsen

The Western Alpine arc: a review and new kinematic model

Henri-Claude Nataf

Nathanaël Schaeffer

Dynamic regimes in planetary cores: $\tau $–$\ell $ diagrams

Jérôme Aubry

Laurent Bollinger

Alexandre Schubnel

Damien Deldicque

Jérôme Fortin

Compaction and pore-collapse of chalky limestones from Mururoa atoll

Jean-Louis Mugnier

Oswaldo Guzmán

Riccardo Vassallo

Kristina  Matraku

François Jouanne

Fluvial terrace formation in a mountainous area (2): influence of eustatism, tectonics and altitudinal distribution of watersheds based on an allostratigraphic study (Albania)

Alessandro Aiuppa

Yves Moussallam

Comptes Rendus
Géoscience — Sciences de la Planète
Supplementary material to the article available at:
https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.235
Supplementary material: Hydrogen and hydrogen
sulphide in volcanic gases: abundance, processes,
and atmospheric fluxes
Alessandro Aiuppa ∗, a and Yves Moussallam b
a Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
b Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, USA
E-mails: alessandro.aiuppa@unipa.it (A. Aiuppa),
yves.moussallam@ldeo.columbia.edu (Y. Moussallam)
Not yet published
Supplementary Table 1. Composition of high temperature (T > 600 °C) magmatic gases (color background
identifies the 3 settings—arc, non-arc and Etna)
Supplementary Table 2. Composition of lower temperature (T < 600 °C) mixed (magmatic-hydrothermal)
gases (color background identifies the 3 settings—arc, non-arc and Etna)
Legend for Sample Type (column D)
F = Fumarole
R = Restored fumarolic gas composition
PL, Plume
Legend for Methodology (column D)
DS, Direct Sampling
MG, Multi-GAS
∗Corresponding author.
ISSN (electronic) : 1778-7025 https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/
2 Alessandro Aiuppa and Yves Moussallam
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