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A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)
No full textThe species of the millipede family Chelodesmidae from the Udzungwa Mountains are (re)described, including one new genus and six new species: M orogorius divisus Enghoff sp. nov., M. louishanseni Enghoff sp. nov., M. pugio Enghoff sp. nov., M. kitugulu Enghoff sp. nov., M. cochlear Enghoff sp. nov., Tanzaniella howelli Hoffman, 1977, Dionaeadesmus force Enghoff gen. et sp. nov., and Callistocilla dolorotrix Hoffman, 2005. Tanzaniella howelli is also recorded from Magombera Nature Reserve. The discussion includes comments on paranotal microsculpture, globular structures flanking the spinnerets, a gonopodal coxal process, altitudinal distribution, and the possible recent immigration of T. howelli into the Udzungwa Mts.</p
Aspects symboliques et usages sociaux du lait et des produits laitiers chez les pasteurs peuls du Sahel sénégalais
No full textLes données sur la symbolique et les usages sociaux du lait et des produits laitiers ont été recueillies au Ferlo. Cette vaste étendue géographique classée zone sylvopastorale, se situe dans la partie sahélienne du Sénégal. Depuis la crise climatique des années 1970 qui avait affecté les pays du Sahel, des projets de développement et de lutte contre la désertification s’y déploient. La population du Ferlo est majoritairement peule, mais certaines familles sont également wolofs ou maures. À partir d’une enquête anthropologique approfondie (observations directes, entretiens semi-directifs), l’auteur met en lumière la valeur symbolique, les vertus cosmétiques et thérapeutiques qu’incarneraient le lait et ses dérivés selon ses interlocuteurs. Cette enquête de terrain au cœur du Sahel sénégalais révèle la persistance de croyances et pratiques anciennes relatives aux usages des produits lactés, malgré le changement social en cours observé dans cette zone avant même l’avènement de la colonisation française.Data concerning the symbolic aspects and social uses of milk and dairy products were collected in the Ferlo region. This vast geographical area, classified as sylvopastoral zone, is located in the Sahelian part of Senegal. Since the climate crisis of the 1970s, which affected the Sahel countries, development and anti-desertification projects have been carried out there. The Ferlo population is predominantly Fulani, but some families are also Wolof or Moorish. Based on in-depth anthropological research (direct observations, semi-directive interviews), the author highlights the symbolic value, cosmetic and therapeutic virtues embodied by milk and its derivatives, according to the people he spoke to. This field study in the heart of the Senegalese Sahel reveals the persistence of ancient beliefs and practices related to the use of milk products, despite the social change underway in this area even before the advent of French colonization.</p
Integrative taxonomy of new xenophyophores (Rhizaria, Foraminifera) from the abyssal northwest Pacific
No full textXenophyophores dominate the abyssal megafauna across many areas of the Pacific Ocean. These giant agglutinated foraminifera have been studied mainly in the tropics, including within the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), from where the majority of recently described taxa have originated. Here, we describe three new species, one of them assigned to a new genus, from an area further north (30–32.5° N) near the Japanese Archipelago. Specimens were collected in pushcores during dives of the manned submersible Shinkai 6500 and preserved in the cores after removal of fragments for genetic analyses, allowing them to be examined in life position using X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT). The three species have basically plate-like tests composed largely of mineral grains. Two, both from 32.5° N, are assigned to the genus Psammina. They are closely related to each other and to P. tenuis from the western CCZ. In Psammina yokosukae sp. nov., the test comprises curved plates, whereas in Psammina contorta sp. nov., it comprises a confusing array of contorted plates and other poorly defined structures. The third new species, Laminarena variabilis gen. et sp. nov., is genetically distinct from the others. In typical specimens from 30° N, the plates are large, curved or sinuous, relatively thin, and marked by a distinct surface pattern of concentric zones, traversed by closely spaced, radial ridges that correspond to internal partitions. A form from 32.5° N is shown to be conspecific with the 30° N specimens based on molecular evidence but is morphologically more complex, comprising elongate bar- and plate-like elements, some with fan-like terminations. A fourth taxon, resembling a bumpy pebble and occupied by bubble-like internal compartments, is described informally. These new taxa enhance our knowledge of Pacific xenophyophores, as well as our understanding of the morphological diversity of xenophyophores in general.</p
Notes sur les <i>Fissidens</i> africains, avec <i>F. colliculosus </i>Brugg.-Nann., sp. nov., <i>F. sciophyllus </i>subsp. <i>capeverdensis</i> subsp. nov. et <i>F. pellucidus </i>var. <i>ripensis </i>comb. nov., stat. nov.
No full textFissidens colliculosus Brugg.-Nann., sp. nov. est décrit; il est caractérisé par des lames vaginées complètement limbées, de minuscules cellules laminaires convexes et lisses, des costae excurrentes et des bourgeons anthéridiens axillaires. Sa place dans le sous-genre Polypodiopsis (Müll.Hal.) Broth. est discutée. Fissidens pellucidus var. ripensis (Mitt.) Brugg.-Nann., comb. nov., stat. nov. est proposé et décrit. Il diffère de la var. pellucidus Hornsch. par ses apex mucronés et ses pousses plus hautes avec jusqu’à 55 paires de feuilles. Fissidens sciophyllus Mitt. subsp. capeverdensis Brugg.-Nann., subsp. nov. est décrit. Il diffère de F. s. subsp. sciophyllus par des nervures courtes terminées par 2 à 10 cellules sous l’apex et des extrémités de feuilles effilées et aiguës. Elle est endémique des îles du Cap Vert. Fissidens ceylonensis Dozy & Molk., espèce d’Asie et de Polynésie, est rapporté la première fois d’Afrique sous ce nom (précédemment connu comme F. borgenii). Plusieurs nouveaux synonymes sont proposés. Fissidens magnicellulatus Brugg.-Nann. est subsumé sous F. aciphyllus Dixon in Dixon & Wager; F. borgenii Hampe, F. sarcophyllus Müll.Hal. ex Dus, F. intralimbatulus Broth. & P.de la Varde, F. paucilimbatus P.de la Varde, F. aoristoloma P.de la Varde, F. intralimbatulus var. brevifolius P.de la Varde et F. norkettii P.de la Varde sous F. ceylonensis; F. ugandae Dixon & P.de la Varde et F. gibbonii Bizot sous F. ferrugineus Müll.Hal.; F. alomoides Müll.Hal. ex Dusén sous F. hymenodon Besch.; F. cryptarum Müll.Hal. et F. cremersii Bizot & Onr. sous F. pellucidus var. ripensis; F. grainvillei P.de la Varde sous F. punctulatus Sande Lac.; F. nossianus Besch., F. motelayi Renauld & Cardot et F. ferrugineus var. pallidus Thér. sous F. schweinfurthii (Müll.Hal.) Paris. Fissidens ferrugineus et F. schweinfurthii sont discutés, illustrés, décrits et réinstallés comme espèces distinctes. Le complexe Fissidens porrectus, très compliqué, est discuté, décrit, incluant quelques variantes illustrées. Fissidens subundatus Dury a été décrit comme pluripapilleux, mais il apparaît être mamilleux. En accord avec cette observation, sa description est amendée. L’espèce est pour la première fois illustrée et un lectotype est désigné. Un appendice (Appendice 1) dresse la liste des espèces lectotypifiées ou lectotypifiées dans une seconde étape.Fissidens colliculosus Brugg.-Nann., sp. nov. is described. It is characterized by completely limbate vaginant laminae, tiny, convex, smooth laminal cells, excurrent costae and axillary antheridial buds. Its classification in subg. Polypodiopsis (Müll.Hal.) Broth. is discussed. Furthermore, F. pellucidus var. ripensis (Mitt.) Brugg.-Nann., comb. nov., stat. nov. is proposed and diagnosed. It differs from var. pellucidus Hornsch. in its mucronate apices and taller shoots with up to 55 leaf pairs. Thirdly, F. sciophyllus Mitt. subsp. capeverdensis Brugg.-Nann., subsp. nov. is described. It differs from F. s. subsp. sciophyllus by short costae that end 2-10 cells below the apex and tapering, acute leaf tips. It is endemic to the Cape Verde islands. The Asian-Polynesian F. ceylonensis Dozy & Molk. is for the first time reported for mainland Africa under this name (formerly known as e.g. F. borgenii). Several new synonyms are proposed. Fissidens magnicellulatus Brugg.-Nann. is subsumed under F. aciphyllus Dixon in Dixon & Wager; F. borgenii Hampe, F. sarcophyllus Müll.Hal. ex Dus., F. intralimbatulus Broth. & P.de la Varde, F. paucilimbatus P.de la Varde, F. aoristoloma P.de la Varde, F. intralimbatulus var. brevifolius P.de la Varde and F. norkettii P.de la Varde under F. ceylonensis; F. ugandae Dixon & P.de la Varde and F. gibbonii Bizot under F. ferrugineus Müll.Hal.; F. alomoides Müll.Hal. ex Dusén under F. hymenodon Besch.; F. cryptarum Müll.Hal. and F. cremersii Bizot & Onr. under F. pellucidus var. ripensis; F. grainvillei P.de la Varde under F. punctulatus Sande Lac.; F. nossianus Besch., F. motelayi Renauld & Cardot and F. ferrugineus var. pallidus Thér. are subsumed under F. schweinfurthii (Müll.Hal.) Paris). Fissidens ferrugineus and F. schweinfurthii are discussed, illustrated, diagnosed, and reinstated as species. The puzzling F. porrectus-complex is discussed, diagnosed, and some of its variants are illustrated. Fissidens subundatus Dury was described as pluripapillose, but appears to be mammillose. Its description is accordingly emended, the species is for the first time illustrated and a lectotype is designated. The species that are lectotypified or second-step-lectotypified in this paper are listed in the Appendix 1.</p
Revising the revision: on 12 new species<i> </i>of <i>Stethorrhagus</i> Simon, 1896 from Colombia and Ecuador (Araneae: Corinnidae: Corinninae), with reassessments of all previously described species
No full textTwelve new species of the genus Stethorrhagus Simon, 1896 are described: S. bradypus sp. nov. (♂♀), S. callithrix sp. nov. (♂♀), S. loxodonta sp. nov. (♂♀), S. naja sp. nov. (♂♀), S. papilio sp. nov. (♀) and S. sylvilagus sp. nov. (♂♀) from Colombia; S. canis sp. nov. (♀), S. felis sp. nov. (♂♀), S. mandrillus sp. nov. (♂♀), S. ovis sp. nov. (♂♀), S. sciurus sp. nov. (♀) and S. tremarctos sp. nov. (♂♀) from Ecuador, increasing the number of known species in the genus from 15 to 27. Detailed morphological descriptions, photos of the body and copulatory organs, illustrations of copulatory organs, and comparisons with closely related species are given for all new species, along with emended diagnoses, distribution maps and an updated key to all currently accepted species in the genus. The geographical distribution of S. lupulus and S. oxossi are updated with new records from Brazil and Peru, and Brazil, respectively. Additionally, photographs of the type material of S. limbatus Simon, 1896, S. nigrinus (Berland, 1913), S. maculatus (L. Koch, 1866), S. hyula Bonaldo & Brescovit, 1994, S. planada Bonaldo & Brescovit, 1994, S. duidae Gertsch, 1942, S. roraimae Gertsch, 1942, S. peckorum Bonaldo & Brescovit, 1994, and S. archangelus Bonaldo & Brescovit, 1994 are supplied.</p
Revision of the genera <i>Thanmoia</i> Ramme, 1941 and <i>Paratoacris</i> Li & Jin, 1984 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Oxyinae), with a proposal of a new generic synonym and a new combination
No full textThe genera Thanmoia Ramme, 1941 and Paratoacris Li & Jin, 1984 are revised based on the examination of type specimens of all species. As a result, the genus Paratoacris is synonymized with Thanmoia and a new combination is proposed: Thanmoia reticulipennis (Li & Jin, 1984) comb. nov. All five species are re-described and illustrated. A key to species is provided. Thanmoia gustavi Ramme, 1941 is recorded for the first time from China. Distribution patterns of species across Vietnam and China and the phylogenetic position of the genus Thanmoia are briefly discussed.</p
Testing species boundaries of an unknown <i>Dolomedes</i> (Araneae, Dolomedidae) morphospecies from isolated islands
No full textRaft spiders, family Dolomedidae, represent a group of spiders with 7 genera distributed near globally well known for a semi-aquatic lifestyle. One of the iconic genera representing such a unique lifestyle is the largest and diverse dolomedid genus Dolomedes. Although Dolomedes is well surveyed in parts of its distribution, its diversity in the tropics remains largely unknown, such as the western Indian Ocean region with most of the islands unsurveyed. Recent expeditions to Madagascar and La Réunion Island discovered a series of specimens that appear to belong to an unknown morphospecies of Dolomedes, exhibiting varying degrees of differences in the diagnostic characteristics. To further test and define their species boundaries, we include molecular evidence followed by species delimitation analyses. Our findings indicate that specimens from both islands are conspecific. Consequently, we introduce a new species to science, Dolomedes reuniascar sp. nov., providing detailed illustrations, descriptions of its variations and ecological characteristics. Based on our observations and existing literature, we speculate that the presence of this species on the two isolated islands could be attributed to either highly efficient dispersal abilities, such as ballooning of spiderlings, or human-mediated introduction events.</p
Typification des noms <i>Goniothalamus macranthus</i> (Kurz) Boerl. et <i>Mezzettia curtisii</i> King (Annonaceae)
No full textLa précédente typification des noms Goniothalamus macranthus (Kurz) Boerl. et Mezzettia curtisii King est discutée ici. Un lectotype approprié pour G. macranthus et un lectotype de deuxième étape pour M. curtisii sont désignés.The previous typification of the names Goniothalamus macranthus (Kurz) Boerl. and Mezzettia curtisii King is discussed here. Suitable lectotype for G. macranthus and second-step lectotype for M. curtisii are designated.</p
Un nouveau Parelmoidae (Insecta, Megasecopteromorpha, Diaphanopterodea) du Permien, de grande taille, découvert dans la province du Shanxi (Chine)
No full textLa famille d’insectes Parelmoidae Rohdendorf, 1962 appartient à l’ordre éteint des Diaphanopterodea Handlirsch, 1919, lui-même appartenant au plus grand taxon Megasecopteromorpha Béthoux in Yang, Ren & Béthoux, 2020. Bien que généralement rares, les représentants de cette famille sont une composante typique des environnements permiens, particulièrement durant le Cisuralien, avec une occurrence dans des localités célèbres comme Obora, Elmo & Midco, et Chekarda. Nous décrivons ici un nouveau Parelmoidae, Grandelmoa jingqii n. gen., n. sp., connu par une aile isolée, bien conservée, découverte dans une nouvelle localité dénommée ‘Zhiyu’ (Formation Shanxi ; Province du Shanxi, Chine). La meilleure explication du patron de nervation alaire particulier du nouveau taxon implique une translocation (dans ce cas, d’une branche de MP sur CuA), un phénomène encore rarement documenté parmi les taxons de paléoptères. La nouvelle espèce est, de peu, le plus grand Diaphanopterodea permien connu à ce jour.The insect family Parelmoidae Rohdendorf, 1962 belongs to the extinct order Diaphanopterodea Handlirsch, 1919, itself belonging to the larger taxon Megasecopteromorpha Béthoux in Yang, Ren & Béthoux, 2020. Although generally rare, representatives of this family are a typical component of Permian environments, particularly in the Cisuralian, with occurrence in renowned localities such as Obora, Elmo & Midco, and Chekarda. Here we describe a new Parelmoidae, Grandelmoa jingqii n. gen., n. sp., known from a well-preserved, isolated wing discovered from a new locality, named ‘Zhiyu’ (Shanxi Formation; Shanxi Province, China). The peculiar wing venation pattern of this new taxon is best explained by a translocation (as it is, of MP branches onto CuA), a phenomenon yet rarely documented among palaeopteran taxa. The new species occurs to be, by a small amount, the largest Permian Diaphanopterodea known to date.</p
Diversity and distribution of cave crickets in the genus <i>Micropathus </i>Walker, 1869, threatened short-range endemics from Tasmanian wet forest (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae)
No full textRhaphidophoridae, also called cave crickets, is a globally distributed insect group belonging to the katydids and allies (Orthoptera: Ensifera: Tettigoniidea). Rhaphidophorids are restricted to humid microhabitats such as caves and wet forests, but the group’s true diversity is poorly known. In Australia, 27 species are described from nine genera in the subfamily Macropathinae, with the highest diversity concentrated in the mesic island state of Tasmania. Micropathus Richards, 1964 is the most widespread genus on the island and contains five species largely restricted to subterranean habitats. Micropathus is reliant on pockets of relictual wet forest, placing species at risk of decline due to climate and land use change, and one species is listed as Critically Endangered. A recent molecular phylogeny for Macropathinae identified two additional, putatively undescribed species of Micropathus, neither of which can be adequately conserved without formal scientific names. Integrating morphological evidence alongside this phylogenetic framework, we describe Micropathus ditto Beasley-Hall sp. nov., previously thought to be a subpopulation of Micropathus tasmaniensis, and Micropathus zubat Beasley-Hall sp. nov., currently known only from the remote Forest Hills karst system. We also provide a key to Micropathus and redescribe its existing members to better reflect intraspecific morphological variation in the genus.</p