Australasian Medical Journal
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Adverse Outcomes and Effects of Hypothyroidism among pregnant women
Get PDFThere is now a large literature describing associations between maternal subclinical hypothyroidism and adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes in observational studies. Although associations of subclinical hypothyroidism with outcomes such as miscarriage, premature delivery gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and placental abruption have been reported, associations have differed across studies, and some large cohorts have not reported any adverse effects at al
Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Get PDFBackground Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep related breathing disorder defined as repeated episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep. One of the major risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea is obesity. Aim To assess the risk of obstructive sleep apnea among type 2 diabetic patients at National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods The STOP-BANG sleep apnea screening questionnaire was used in this study. The sample size is of 171 participants. A cross-sectional study was performed at National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A study sample of 171 was included. A STOP-BANG questionnaire formed of eight questions was used to assess the risk of OSA among type 2 diabetic patients. Score of the questionnaire was divided into three groups: Low risk (from 0 to 2 points), intermediate risk (from 3 to 4 points) and high risk (from 5 to 8 points). Results Of all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the study, 9.4 per cent had low risk, 18.7 per cent had intermediate risk and 71.7 per cent had high risk for OSA. There was no significant correlation between the score and last fasting blood sugar and HbA1c’s level, with p-values of 0.554 and 0.335, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the type of treatment and the risk of developing OSA (
Assessment of comparative Efficacy of Nirgundipatra Upanaha and Trayodashang Guggulu with Diclofenac sodium Gel and Ibuprofen in the Management of Snayugata Vata Affecting Koorpara Sandhi (Tennis Elbow)
Get PDFBackground: Pain disturbs the routine and regular activities of each and every individual. Snayugata Vata affecting Koorpara Sandhi or Tennis elbow is one such condition, in which pain is the major feature.Though described asself-limiting, effective treatment can shorten the duration of symptoms and allow the patient to perform day to day activities without pain.Objectives: To assess the comparative efficacy of Nirgundipatra Upanaha and Trayodashang Guggulu with Diclofenac sodium Gel and Ibuprofen in reducing pain and functional disability in the Management of Snayugata Vata affecting Koorpara Sandhi (Tennis Elbow).Methodology: Procedure in this study, 100 patients will be separated haphazardly into 2 groups (50 in each). In Group A (Experimental Group) Nirgundipatra Upanaha(Local application) once daily and 2 Tablets of Trayodashang Guggulu 500mg each twice a day will be given orally for 21 days and Group B (Control Group)– Diclofenac sodium gel for Local application once daily and 1Tablet of Ibuprofen 500mg twice a day orally will be given for 21 days. Evaluation will be recorded on 0,7, 14, 21 and 28th day.Expected Results:Reduction in painwill be observed with the help of objective and subjective parameters.
Successful management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with Siravedha
Get PDFNonalcoholic Fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a form of Simple fatty liver whose progression leads to adverse circumstances, e.g., metabolic dysfunction. Sushruta said that the Sira Vedha at Dakshin Kurpara Sandhi as a therapy for Yakrit Vikara Modern science also supports on the same page that phlebotomy treatment for some liver diseases but did not mention the exact site for phlebotomy. Still, because of a lack of clinical evidence, one cannot confidently practice it in routine exercise. Thus, there is a need to validate Sushruta's principle with clinical evidence for liver diseases. Aim & Objectives To study the efficacy of Siravedha in the management of Nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. Material & Methods It is a single case study of 44 years old female patient suffering from complaints such as nausea, loss of appetite, distended abdomen, weight gain, constipation for 10 Months. As she was diagnosed with NAFLD by U.S.G. advised by her physician. The patient had severe insensitivity towards allopathic medicines, so she approached Ayurvedic treatment. After a thorough examination of the patient based on Ayurvedic fundamentals, three sittings of Siravedha (65 ml Bloodletting) from the Dakshin Kurpar Sandhi (Rt. Cubital fossa) were done at the interval of 15 days (on baseline visit, 15th day, and 30th day) and followed was taken after one month. Observations U.S.G. Abdomen done after one month showed encouraging results and improvement in the liver grade, i.e., from grade I to grade 0. The liver showed normal shape and Echotexture. Moreover, clinical features, e.g., nausea, loss of appetite, distended abdomen, constipation, also resolved completely. The weight of the patient was also reduced by 5 kg within one month. Discussion Siravedha may decrease liver enzymes, oxidative stress, and necrosis, reducing apoptosis and improving liver cells' health. Conclusion This case report is helpful to plan further clinical studies in a large sample size by showing the efficacy of Siravedha in the management of Non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease without causing any undue event. This case study also reaffirms the classical reference of the specific site of Raktamokshana in a specific clinical condition
Glucose in endoplasmic reticulum stress and resistant framework disturbance: a potential job in malignant growth improvement
Get PDFThis study suggests that new studies are required into the possible relationship between cancer and the rapid up/down-regulation of glucose levels from long term high sugar dietary behaviour. Where there is no outside cancer-causing impact, for example, harmful affront or oxidative pressure, long haul high glucose admission might assume a few parts in malignant growth improvement and metastasis. Additionally, during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress conditions the unfurled protein reaction (UPR) flagging might become upset (under-actuated) allowing uncontrolled misfolded proteins adding to conditions for disease inception.. Conversely, UPR signalling may then over-activate hindering immunogenic response to sequester and terminate cancer cells, providing further opportunities in cancer formation
Assessment of Cystatin C–Based GFR Estimating Equations as a Novel Reliable Biomarker for Renal Pathology Diagnosis in Patients with Mild to Severe Tubular Affection
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Creatinine, a commonly used biomarker in determining glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage, is a highly variable biologically and does not rise until > 50% of renal function (RF) impairment, resulting in erroneous CKD grading. Applying a simple and reliable GFR estimate approach aimed at a minute evaluation of RF might be of tremendous therapeutic value. So, our investigation was aimed to assess Cystatin (Cys) -C-based eGFR equations, a novel, more sensitive biomarker in kidney pathology, and less susceptible to biological interference. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 20 CKD cases who attended the Nephrology Department at Ain Shams University, where a renal biopsy was obtained, and individuals were allocated into two categories: cases with mild tubular affection (TA) [category A] and with moderate to severe TA [category B]. All participants were referred for measurement of Cys-C Level using different GFR-estimating equations, which further compared using Multivariate Linear Regression and Bland-Altman analyses. Results: Our results revealed a substantial statistical difference among the two studied categories regarding Hb, kidney function tests. A significant correlation between CKD-EPI CYST and mGFR was measured by Iohexol (Ioh) for category A (R=0.601, P=0.030), where there was a non-substantial relation between any of the used equations and mGFR in category B (p > 0.05). There was no independent association between the eGFR results and Iohexol clearance. Stevens eGFR had the highest-level bias 33.9 compared with CKD_EPI_CYST (28) and Grubb eGFR (22.85), Conclusion: Although cystatin-based equations have demonstrated a high level of correlation with measured Iohexol GFR, they are still deemed imprecise and cannot be established as equal to assessed GFR or as a gold standard for GFR estimate
A review on artificial blood
Get PDFBlood substitutes have been required for as long as people have been bleeding to death due to a serious injury. In the years that followed, doctors experimented with a variety of substances as blood substitutes, including beer, urine, milk, plant resins, and sheep blood. One of the first of these materials was milk. To treat Asiatic cholera, patients were given milk injections in 1854. Milk injections were never popular among doctors due to their scepticism. It was tossed out after a short time. Salt or saline solutions could also be used as a replacement. It was discovered that frogs could survive for a brief period of time without blood circulation, which led to deception. Saline was created as a plasma volume expander after a few years of research. A gum-saline solution containing galactoso-gluconic acid was utilised to prolong plasma during World War I. However, studies have revealed that chewing gum has certain harmful health impacts. During World War II, there was a renewed interest in the study of blood and blood substitutes. Human plasma was frequently utilised to replace blood and protect soldiers from haemorrhagic shock. Perfluorochemicals, a new type of blood replacement, were discovered in animal tests in 1966. (PFC). This sparked the notion of using PFC as a blood thinner
Integrating portable wearable health technology in patients care
Get PDFWearable healthcare technologies are gaining in popularity around the world. Smart watches and fitness trackers are being worn by an increasing number of people. Innovative technology will undoubtedly play a vital part in the optimal running of future societies, including applications in health care. The purpose of this essay is to introduce the concept of portable technology