Australasian Medical Journal
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Obligation and Sustainability in Brain Science, Technology, and Neuroethics
Get PDFWe surveyed the five neuroethics inquiries for neuroscientists proposed at the 2017 Global Neuroethics Summit with regards to conventional Chinese culture and compared the tradition of Confucianism with contemporary reasoning. In this paper, we sum up moral issues more pertinent to the Brain Project and clarify our arrangements for address them. Note that conclusions and ideas in this paper are from researchers and ethicists and don't address official viewpoints of the government
Body mass in diabetes type 2 patients at the time of diagnosis – relation to visceral fat distribution
Get PDFBackgroundIn today’s world, there is a growing trend of adiposity and its complications including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.AimsThis study aimed to investigate adiposity levels and type 2 diabetes regulations at the time of diagnosis in 161 patients. Methods Data were collected from medical history, physical examination, body mass index measuring and laboratory test results including HbA1c for every patient OMRON BF 511 diagnostic scale was used in order to measure body fat percentage in a percentage of body weight using the bioelectrical impedance method and for visceral fat measuring also.Results Study was conducted on 161 participants including 82 (50.9%) of men and 79 (49.1%) of women. Median age was 60 years (IR 53-59) from 26 to 81 years. Women were significantly older with higher values of BMI i fat tissue percentage while men were significantly higher, with higher body mass, basal metabolism, muscle mass percentage and visceral fat tissue percentage. ConclusionDiabetes type 2 is global epidemic problem which is often found in obese people. High body fat levels lead to visceral fat tissue higher levels, which also leads to higher risk for diabetes type 2 developments. Also these factors are leading to lower glycaemic regulation
Needle Stick Injuries and Associated Factors among Health Professionals in Degahbur and Kebridahar Public Hospitals, Easter Ethiopia
Get PDFBackground: Needle stick injury is the most common workplace related health hazards responsible for transmission of blood-borne pathogens. Aims The aim of this study was to assess needle stick injury and associated factors among health professionals in public hospitals in Degahbur & Kebridahar from February to September 2021. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted From February to August, 2021. A total of 264 health professionals were drawn using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by using structured self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done by using Epi-data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 21. Frequencies of variables were generated; tabulation and percentages were used to illustrate study findings. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the association between the dependent and independent variables. Results: The prevalence of needle stick injury among health professionals was 107(40.5%). Male (AOR=4.114 95%CI 1.469-11.522), being single, (AOR=4.919 95%CI 1.695-14.279) and safety box turn out, (AOR=2.906 95%CI 1.154-7.318) were significantly associated with needle stick injury. Conclusion: The prevalence of needle stick injury among health professionals was high in the public hospitals. The government should focus on increasing training to fill the skill gap, apply universal precaution and never recap needles after use and ensure availability of safety box in the workplace to establishing better working environments
Use of Medical Photography Among Dermatologists and Plastic Surgeons in Saudi Arabia
Get PDFBackground: The benefit of utilizing smart technologies for medical photography is apparent, however its safety concerns related to legal rights of practitioners and patients warrant attention. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the use of medical photography among dermatologists and plastic surgeons in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 63 physicians (43 dermatologists, 20 plastic surgeons) using a 36-item multiple choice questionnaire on the use of medical photography. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and two-tailed, Chi-square, and Exact tests. Results: Medical photography was used by most of dermatologists (90.7%) and plastic surgeons (95%). More than three-fourths of them agreed that medical photography aids in enhancing clinical effectiveness and standard of care. Photography was done mostly to track disease progression for dermatologists (87.2%), and for research and/or future publications for plastic surgeons (89.5%). The primary reason for exchange of photographs via email or text messages was for seeking second opinion and further recommendations from colleagues. Consent from patients before photographing was obtained by majority of both groups. 84.2% of plastic surgeons as compared to 59% of dermatologists had good awareness and adherence to workplace medical photography protocol (P=0.055). Conclusion: Medical photography is commonly used both in clinical and academic practices for diagnostic, treatment and teaching purposes. Its value in enhancing medical care is agreed upon and the existence of workplace medical photography protocol is important. Consent from patients must be always acquired and stressed upon even with the absence of clear grounding regulations and protocols
Herbal Medicine Use and Contributing factors among Pregnant Women at Jigjiga University Shiek Hassan Yabare Referral Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia
No full textBackground Herbal medicinal drugs contain herbs, domestic remedies, natural preparations, and completed domestic-grown gadgets that include quantities of flora or different plant substances as energetic substances and utilized by the overall population including pregnant women Aims To assess the use of herbal medicine and predictors among pregnant women attending ANC clinic at Jigjiga University Shiek Hassan Yabare Referral Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted From February to July, 2021. A total of 332 pregnant women were drawn using systematic random sampling technique. Structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analysed by using SPSS version 21 software. Frequencies of variables were generated; tabulation and percentages were used to illustrate study findings. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the association between the dependent and independent variables. P-value less than 0.05 considered as a statistically significant Results One hundred forty one (42.5%) used herbal remedies during current pregnancy. Age group of 25-34 years [AOR=4.11, 95 % CI: (1.47, 11.52)], being rural resident [AOR=2.9, 95 % CI: (1.15, 7.31)], income ≤ 4957 [AOR=3.36, 95 % CI: (1.27, 8.9)], good knowledge [AOR=0.39, 95 % CI: (0.17, 0.92)] and favorable attitude [AOR=3.74, 95 % CI: (2.2, 6.2)] were significantly associated with herbal medicine consumption during pregnancy Conclusion Herbal medicine consumption during pregnancy was common in the study area. Age, residence, average monthly income, knowledge and attitude on herbal remedies were significantly associated with herbal medicine use during pregnancy. Community based health education campaign recommended to change women’s perception and intentions towards herbal medicine utilization during pregnanc
Combined Hysterectomy and Incisional Hernia Repair
Get PDFOvarian cyst is common finding in female. It occurs mainly after menopause. Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs in the ovaries. Some of them contain fabric inside. The cysts are generally the size of a cherry and are surrounded by a capsule. The majority of ovarian cysts disappear on their own. Cysts are commonly formed as a result of natural hormonal changes throughout puberty or menopause. Ovarian cysts affect around 10 out of every 100 women. They are usually non-cancerous (benign) and rarely cause issues, they are rarely treated. It is necessary to get surgery. In these instances, we conducted hysterectomy and b/l salpingectomy.C-section is a surgical procedure that can create a weakness in the abdominal wall. A hernia occurs when part of intestine or stomach protrudes outward through this weakened area. Patient was diagnosed with incision hernia and ovarian cyst and total abdominal hysterectomy, b/l salpingo oophorectomy, and incisional hernia repair were done
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A novel therapeutic strategy of combined CAXII inhibitors and anti–PD-1 antibodies in HCC treatment
Get PDFHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with the lack of effective treatments particularly for the disease at advanced stage. Even though immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made a great progress in the treatment of HCC, enduring and ideal clinical benefits still cannot be achieved in a plenty of patients with HCC. Therefore, novel and refined combinations of ICIs are needed for enhancing the therapeutic effect. The latest study has reported that CAXII inhibitor (CAXIIi), as a novel type of anticancer drug, can modify immunosuppressive stress mediated by hypoxic/acidic metabolism, and regulate the expression of CCL8 by mediating the functions of monocytes and macrophages, consequently improving anti-tumor immunity and enhancing the therapeutic effect of PD-1 inhibitor in HCC, which shines a light on improving combined immunotherapy. This perspective aims to ignite enthusiasm to explore the application of CAXIIis with solid anti-tumor efficacy in combination with immunotherapy for HCC and related mechanisms
A review on raft forming drug delivery system - Mechanism and its significance
Get PDFThe raft forming system is one of the most practical and favoured methods for generating a long-lasting and predictable medication delivery profile in the GI tract. To overcome the limits of existing oral drug delivery methods, a gastro retentive drug delivery system has been developed, which has the potential to revolutionise medication and provide a variety of therapeutic benefits. Many obstacles face the gastro-retentive drug delivery system, which can be overcome by a new approach called the raft forming system. This method is used to deliver antacids and medications for the treatment of gastrointestinal infections and diseases. The mechanism of this system entails the formation of a viscous cohesive gel in contact with stomach fluids, in which each particle of the liquid expands in contact with gastric fluids, forming a continuous layer known as ";;;;;;;;;RAFT.";;;;;;;;; Because of the low bulk density caused by the production of carbon dioxide, this raft floats in gastric juices. This technique can release a pharmacological molecule continuously, resulting in usually constant plasma profiles. By localising the drug to the site of action, lowering the dose required, or delivering uniform drug administration, the goal of this system's design is to reduce dosing frequency or increase therapeutic effectiveness
Nutraceutical tablets for hyperlipidemic treatment
Get PDFHyperlipidemia is a medical term for abnormally high levels of fat in the blood. The two main types of lipids in the blood are triglycerides and cholesterol. Triglycerides are made when your body stores extra calories that don't require energy