47495 research outputs found
Sort by
Perusoikeudet vartioimisliiketoiminnassa: Oikeusdogmaattinen tutkimus vartijan toimivaltanormien perusoikeusmyönteisestä tulkinnasta
No full textLandtagswahl in Thüringen 2019: Diskursanalyse der politischen Sprache von Björn Höcke
No full textOikeistopopulistiset puolueet lisäävät nopeasti suosiotaan ympäri Eurooppaa ja Saksa ei ole tässä poikkeus. Saksalainen oikeistopopulistipuolue Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) suom. Vaihtoehto Saksalle on kasvattanut voimakkaasti suosiotaan niin kutsutun eurokriisin jälkeen vuonna 2008 ja sitä seuranneen pakolaiskriisin 2015 jälkeen. Thüringenin osavaltiossa pidettiin viimeisimmät osavaltiovaalit 27.10.2019, jossa Vaihtoehto Saksalle -puolue saavutti suuren suosion ja nousi toiseksi suurimmaksi puolueeksi ensimmäistä kertaa puolueen historiassa.
Populistit ovat yleisesti ottaen taitavia käyttämään poliittisissa puheissaan perinteisiä retoriikan keinoja; metaforia ja toistoa. Puheissa hyödynnetään paljon ”sinä” ja ”me” sanoja ja niiden toistoa, jolloin politiikkaa pystytään tuomaan yksilön omaan arkeen ja omiin kokemuksiin. Vastakkainasettelu on yksi tärkeimmistä populistisista puhekeinoista, jolla pystytään korostamaan tavallisen ihmisen ja eliitin välistä kuilua ja korostamaan populistipuolueiden asemaa tavallisen ihmisen puolustajana.
Tämän kandidaatintutkielman tavoitteena on tutkia ja analysoida diskurssianalyysin avulla kahta poliittista puhetta, jotka Vaihtoehto Saksalle -puolueen poliitikko ja kärkiehdokas Björn Höcke, piti osavaltiovaalien aikana. Analyysissä keskitytään populistisiin puhekeinoihin ja niiden merkitysten ymmärtämiseen. Koska molemmat puheet ovat videoituja ja saatavilla internetissä, analysoidaan tässä tutkielmassa myös Höcken elekieltä puheiden aikana. Ensimmäinen puhe on vaalipuhe, jonka Höcke piti 26.10.2019, vain päivää ennen osavaltiovaaleja Erfurtissa. Höcken toinen puhe sen sijaan on vaali-illalta 27.10.2019, sen jälkeen, kun vaalitulokset on julkaistu.
Tämä tutkielma osoittaa, että Höcke hyödyntää poliittisissa puheissaan perinteisiä retoriikan keinoja. Molemmat poliittiset puheet sisältävät kuitenkin useita populistisia puhekeinoja, joita Höcke käyttää tehokkaasti, mutta hillitysti. Näin ollen tutkielman lopputuloksena on se, että Höcken poliittiset puheet ovat populistisia.In den letzten Jahren haben die rechtspopulistischen Parteien ihre Popularität europaweit gesteigert. In Deutschland hat die rechtspopulistische Partei Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) ihre Beliebtheit gleichmäßig nach der Finanzkrise im Jahr 2008 und wieder nach der Flüchtlingskrise im Jahr 2015 erhöht. In Thüringen fand am 27.10.2019 die jüngste Landtagswahl statt, wo die AfD sehr erfolgreich war und sich an die zweite Stelle setzte. Die Ergebnisse dieser Wahl war etwas Besonderes in der Geschichte der Partei.
Die Populisten sind häufig begabt darin, traditionelle Mittel der Rhetorik, Metaphern und Wiederholung, in ihren politischen Reden zu verwenden. In den populistischen Reden werden viele „du“ und „wir“-Worte benutzt, durch diese Mittel können die Politiker den Bürgern die abstrakte Politik nahebringen. Eines der wichtigsten populistische Sprachmittel ist auch die Gegenüberstellung. Durch die Gegenüberstellung können die Populisten die Unterschiede zwischen Bürgern und Eliten betonen und können auch ihre politische Stellung als Verteidiger der normalen Bürger stärken.
Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist, zwei politische Reden von AfD-Politiker und Spitzenkandidat Björn Höcke zu untersuchen und zu analysieren. Diese zwei Reden wurden während der Thüringer Landtagswahl gehalten. Die Forschung wird hier mittels einer Diskursanalyse durchgeführt und die Analyse wird sich auf die populistischen Sprachmittel und deren Bedeutung konzentrieren. Da die beiden Reden als Video im Netz zur Verfügung stehen, wird auch die Körpersprache von Höcke untersucht. Die erste Rede ist eine Wahlrede, die Höcke in Erfurt am 26.10.2019 hielt, nur einen Tag vor der Landtagswahl. Die zweite Rede wurde am Wahlabend 27.10.2019 aufgenommen, als die Ergebnisse der Wahl schon verkündet waren.
Diese Untersuchung zeigt, dass Höcke in seinen zwei politischen Reden traditionelle Mittel der Rhetorik nutzt. Die beiden Reden enthalten zusätzlich viele verschiedene populistische rhetorische Mittel, die Höcke effizient, aber achtsam benutzt. Als Resultat dieser Arbeit kann man festhalten, dass die beiden Reden populistisch sind
Improving the user experience of a building design software and its trial process
No full textBuilding Information Modeling (BIM) systems are nowadays having a massive amount of different features and therefore are quite complex systems. That is why they are becoming harder for the user to learn. User Experience (UX) and usability have not been taken into account much in the development of new features.
Software trials are used more and more as a way of introducing products to new users. This new process has been introduced in Vertex Systems Oy (Vertex) too and free 30-day trial of Building Design product called Vertex BD is offered to new customers. As this whole process is new there is a need for it to be improved further. Good user experience is important in this trial process because the goal is to convert as many trial users into buying customers as possible.
The main goal of this thesis is to improve the user and customer experience of the Vertex BD product and its trial process. The research questions in this thesis are: how to improve the user and customer experience of the Vertex BD product in trial period, how to make the Vertex BD product easier to learn and what are the main user experience problems in the trial process and how to fix them. To answer these three research questions heuristic evaluations and user research was done. User research was done by online surveys that were sent to trial user worldwide via email.
From heuristic evaluations there were 40 usability problems found. Most of them related to the Vertex BD product itself but there were also findings regarding the trial process. The number of answers to the user research was rather small, only 25 answers overall. Still there were some findings from the survey answers too, mainly related to the installation of the software, tutorials and communication in the trial process. Based on these results there were improvement suggestions made for the Vertex BD software, installation, trial process communication (emails, websites etc.), tutorials and documentation. To continue the work started in this thesis these improvement areas will be designed further and implemented with the help of different development teams in the company. In the future user experience is taken more into account in the development process and user research is done also in the future
Finnish Policy Entrepreneurship in The Arctic Council: The Case of Black Carbon Emissions
No full textGlobal warming – causing the climate to change – is one of the most pervasive global concerns, because it is increasingly impacting everyone’s live. The main contributors to global warming are carbon dioxide and BC (black carbon) emissions, both deadly air pollutants. BC emissions, that are a product of the combustion of biogenic and fossil fuels, have a high mean radiative forcing, and thus, they are one of the most dangerous climate forcers. Arctic area is where the impacts are the most visible, because the region’s ice surfaces are rapidly melting, which does not only impact humans living in the area, but also the ecosystems. BC emissions cause similar impacts across the world. Arctic Council, a high-level intergovernmental forum, addresses these issues in cooperation between member states, permanent participants and observers. One of the main focus points of the council is to protect the sensitive Arctic environment, which is impacted by global behaviour, for example, through the amount of emitted BC to the atmosphere.
2017-2019 marked Finnish chairmanship in the Arctic Council during which high emphasis was placed on explaining why reducing BC emissions is critical and facilitating action to reduce the emission. BC emission reductions were – and are still – considered as a Finnish national goal, which is strengthened by President Sauli Niinistö’s emphasis on the topic. “If we lose the Arctic, we lose the globe”, is one of the sentences that President Niinistö often includes in his speeches when discussing global warming. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore Finnish contributions to the decision-making in the Arctic Council in terms of sustainable development whist focusing on BC emissions. In particular, it is investigated why BC emissions are a topic of utmost importance for the Finnish state, gauged what kind of a message on dangerous BC emissions is spread within the Arctic Council and explored what kind of perceptions the member states, permanent participants and observers have about the message. In addition, the aim is to shed light on the question of what kind of international regime for climate change action Finland desires the Arctic Council to develop into.
To understand Finland’s role as a forerunner in raising awareness about BC emissions and facilitating action to reduce them, policy entrepreneurship theory is utilized. Policy entrepreneurship has been widely acknowledged as a critical part for opening and utilizing windows of opportunities, creating change momentum and facilitating change. Policy entrepreneurs can, however, also prevent change from happening. In the case of Finland, the nation is clearly advocating for global BC emission reductions, and thus, it is a change driven policy entrepreneur. Qualitative methods, such as semi-structured theme interviews and qualitative content analysis, are employed to provide an in-depth understanding of why reducing BC emissions is of robust importance for Finland and what kind of policy entrepreneurial characteristics Finland obtained to promote them during its chairmanship. Due to President Niinistö’s high profile position as a BC emission reduction advocate, press conference material between President Niinistö and his colleagues in other Arctic states are also analysed. Combining two data collections methods enabled a more holistic understanding of the difference between national and individual policy entrepreneurial characteristics.
This study makes theoretical contributions by revealing that the policy entrepreneurial characteristics – leading by example, network building and skill to define problems – are applicable to a nation, while leadership skills are solely possessed by individuals. Even though the policy entrepreneurial characteristics of Finland are context-specific, the findings disclose that by unifying the emission reduction message and tackling how emissions released into the atmosphere through recreational behaviour could be decreased, Finland could better succeed in building its network and in reaching its long-term emission reduction targets. Therefore, the study discusses environmental diplomacy of Finland in the case of the Arctic Council. However, there was not a clear change taking place in the Arctic Council during the period under analysis, and thus, the study highlights an unexplored area in the literature – policy entrepreneurial role of a nation. While the research gap is approached through the characteristics in this study, more research is needed on the difference between national and individual policy entrepreneurship as well as on the policy entrepreneurial strategies of a nation
"Onnellisina he liitävät liaanilla hännät viuhuen": Shifting between frames in audio described framed narrative
No full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate how audio description supports narration in a story that is built around a framed narrative structure. A framed narrative is a form of storytelling where the characters of one story tell each other a story. In this study, I use a theory on framed narrative as presented by Katharine Young to divide the narrative shifts into smaller pieces and to determine if a shift is interrupted or not.
Audio description is an accessibility practice where visible material is described in an audible form for blind or visually impaired people. In this study, I use the categories presented by Anna Marzà Ibañez to classify the informational content in the description. The classification states that audio description answers to the following questions about the material: where, when, what, who, and how. A third central theory is Christopher Taylor’s theory on multimodal transcription which I adapted to depict audio described material for this thesis.
I studied an episode from a Finnish-British children’s TV show Moominvalley called Muumipapan kalajuttu, which contains 12 shifts within the narrative. I inspected the pieces of audio description that occur in the instance of a shift when the narrative moves to another dimension physically or temporally. I classified these pieces of audio description based on the amount of information they contain and the interruption status and the direction of the shift to which they relate.
The research shows that the direction of a shift somewhat affects the amount of information in a piece of audio description. When the narrative moves from an inner story to an outer story, i.e. from a story to a conversation between the characters, a piece of audio description relating to that shift is often shorter and contains less types of information than in situations where the narrative moves from conversation to a story. The interruption status of a shift seemed to have little effect on audio description based on this study.
The results of this study indicate phenomena in a singular occasion and cannot be generalized to all of audio described material. Future research could include studies on Finnish audio described children’s media in general. Audio description for Finnish movies and TV-shows has been done for years by a small number of professionals, and research on the field is sparse. It could be beneficial to examine the description tendencies of different audio describers and compare them to each other and to existing guidelines to get a better picture on the situation and the level of Finnish audio description
Alice objectified?:21st-century Retellings of Alice in Wonderland
No full textThis thesis analyses two recent film adaptations of Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland in order to determine why the protagonist has frequently been transformed into a young woman in visual media adaptations during the last two decades. In the original books, Alice was a seven-year old girl, but in all major retellings of the story published since 2000 the character has been aged to a woman in her twenties. The adaptations that were chosen for closer analysis were the film Alice in Wonderland from 2010 and a two-part miniseries called Alice from 2009. The hypothesis is, that the character of Alice has been made older in order to be more sexually attractive rather than to give her more agency.
The primary material was analysed using feminist and postfeminist theories, with an emphasis on the way women and especially the protagonist were represented visually, what their agency was like and what roles they were given. In addition to the analyses, the thesis discusses why the films’ and series’ approaches are problematic from a feminist point of view, as the covert messages in these productions reinforce harmful and limiting stereotypes for women while appearing feminist on the surface
The results were largely in line with the hypothesis and it could be argued that changes in societal norms in the twenty-first century put more and more pressure on girls and women to be sexually attractive objects, while at the same time expecting them to appear empowered and highly individual. Therefore, this thesis claims that these works fall into a postfeminist sensibility, with their emphasis on individual responsibility while complying with traditional feminine roles and a preoccupation with youth and appearances
Puhenopeus, puheenvuorojen pituus ja vuorovaikutuksen laatu kasvokkaisessa ja videovälitteisessä tilanteessa
No full textThermoforming: The Effects of Machine Parameters to the Process and End Product
No full textLämpömuovaus on yksi yleisimmistä muovin prosessointimenetelmistä elintarvikkeiden pakkausteollisuudessa. Lämpömuovauksessa prosessointilämpötilaan lämmitetty muovilevy venytetään muottipesään, jossa se saa muotonsa. Lämpömuovauksen etuina ovat matalat laitekustannukset muihin muovin prosessointitekniikoihin nähden. Lämpömuovaamalla voidaan saada aikaiseksi erittäin ohuita, mutta hyvin kestäviä tuotteita. Lämpömuovaamisen huono puoli on epätasainen seinämänvahvuus tuotteessa. Materiaalijakaumaan voi vaikuttaa tuotteen suunnittelulla, koneparametreilla ja tuotantovalinnoilla, mutta venytysprosessin luonteesta johtuen sitä ei saada täysin tasaiseksi. Tämän diplomityön tarkoituksena on tutkia eri parametreja ja niiden vaikutuksia lämpömuovattujen tuotteiden materiaalijakaumaan.
Lämpömuovauskoneiden käyttäjillä on pitkältä ajalta kerääntynyttä tietoa ja taitoa prosessin hallitsemisesta, mutta sitä tietoa on harvoin kerätty talteen kirjallisesti. Mielipiteet parametrimuutosten vaikutuksista eri käyttäjien välillä saattavat myös vaihdella. Tämän työn kokeellisessa osuudessa suoritettujen koeajojen tarkoitus oli saada tuotantoparametrien muutosten vaikutukset mitattua ja dokumentoitua. Koeajot jaettiin kahteen osioon, joista ensimmäisessä tutkittiin vakuumin lisäämistä tuotantolinjalle ja toisessa neljää eri parametrimuutosta. Työssä tutkittavassa lämpömuovatussa tuotteessa on ollut ongelmia materiaalijakauman kanssa ja tavoitteena on löytää yhteys parametrien ja tuotteen materiaalijakauman välillä.
Vakuumin avulla lämpömuovatun tuotteen materiaalijakauma saatiin referenssinäytteen jakaumaa tasaisemmaksi. Tuote oli paksumpi seinämän kriittisiltä alueilta, joka paransi tuotteen kuormankestävyyttä. Koeajojen perusteella vakuumin lisääminen lämpömuovausprosessiin paransi seinämänvahvuuden tasaisuutta sekä kuormankestävyyttä. Tämän perusteella voitiin tehdä johtopäätös, että vakuumin lisääminen tämän tyyppisiin tuotantolinjoihin olisi kannattavaa.
Tutkittavat prosessiparametrit valittiin kokeneiden koneenkäyttäjien suositusten mukaisesti. Koeajot suoritettiin puskimen loppuaseman, puskimen ajoituksen, muotoilupaineen määrän ja muotoilupaineen ajoituksen parametrisäädöillä. Prosessiparametrien muutoksilla saatiin huomattavia muutoksia tuotteen materiaalijakaumaan. Eri prosessiparametreillä pystyttiin vaikuttamaan siihen, sijaitsevatko tuotteen paksuimmat kohdat tuotteen pohjassa vai sivuseinissä. Yksittäisellä parametrimuutoksella ei saatu aikaan täydellisen tasaista tuotetta, mutta mittausten perusteella saatiin tärkeää tietoa siitä, mikä muutos johtaa mihinkin lopputulokseen ja niiden perusteella voidaan suunnitella jatkotutkimuksia aiheesta.Thermoforming is one of the most common polymer converting processes in the food packaging industry. The conversion of the polymer sheet to the thermoformed product is achieved by stretching the softened polymer sheet to the mould cavity. The advantage of thermoforming is the relatively low equipment cost compared to other plastic conversion processes. With thermoforming very thin products with enough stability can be produced. The biggest disadvantage of thermoforming is the non-uniform wall thickness distribution. The variation of the wall thickness distribution can be controlled with design, process parameters and manufacturing choices, but due to the nature of the stretching process it cannot be fully eliminated. The objective of this thesis was to examine different process parameters and their influence on the wall thickness distribution of a thermoformed product.
The machine operators have accumulated knowledge and skill of process control over the years, but that knowledge is rarely documented. The opinions of the changes that different parameter adjustments can make to the product and process can differ between operators. The objective of the trial runs was to examine the effects of different machine parameter adjustments and document their effects. The trial runs were divided into two segments. In the first segment the addition of vacuum to the thermoforming process was examined and in the second segment different process parameter adjustments were investigated. There have been problems with the material thickness distribution on the examined tray. The objective of the trial runs was to find the connection between the process parameters and the material thickness distribution of the thermoformed product.
The addition of vacuum to the process made the material thickness distribution of the product more even. The products were thicker in the critical segments of the sidewall, which increased the stability of the products. In conclusion based on the measurements, the addition of vacuum to these types of production lines would be beneficial. The parameters for the second segment were chosen with the help of experienced operators of the thermoforming machine. The parameters were: plug assist displacement, plug assist delay, forming air pressure and forming air delay. The parameter adjustment trial runs showed significant difference in the material thickness distribution of the product. With different parameter adjustments the thicker regions of the product moved either to the base of the tray or the sidewalls of the tray. The trial runs provided important information of different machine parameters and their effects on the material thickness distribution of the product
Load balancing distributed computing
No full textDistributed computing is currently a popular way to harness great amounts of processing power by combining multiple computation resources together and distributing workloads over them. This way, the system is capable of providing much more processing power than any one computation resource can. By distributing work over multiple hardware components the system also gains fault tolerance, responsiveness and scalability. This thesis focuses on a system, which consists of multiple computation platforms with very little computational power on a local network, and how to schedule workloads to each of them.
We design a load balancer to handle requests for computational resources and computation client software capable of harnessing these resources. We build a computation server which also runs the computation client software with multiple times the computation power of one regular computation platform.
Multiple load balancing methods are designed for the load balancer to use and benchmarked to find the most performant one. We also benchmark the performance difference between a regular computation client and the computation server client and estimate how many regular clients one server can replace. The results show that one computation server can replace about 15 to 30 computation clients and that a simple scheduling algorithm with an index of where the scheduling was left off beats schedulers with more complicated logic. We also propose that further research should be done about the responsiveness of the algorithms.
The originality of this thesis has been checked using the Turnitin OriginalityCheck service