Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social
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Dez livros que um sanitarista não pode deixar de ler
Get PDFThis text was presented at a meeting promoted by Editora Fiocruz, which took place at the 6th Brazilian Congress of Social Sciences and Health, organized by the Brazilian Association of Public Health in 2013. The idea of the essay was to present and discuss technical and literary texts that brought aspects relevant to public and collective health. A list of books that should be read by the health workers was prepared including some classics, historical references, others with a time or regional character. Some autobiographical aspects sought to show the author\u27s relationship with literature. Subjects related to social medicine, medicalization, biopower, hunger, gentrification, libertarian pedagogies, social, gender and race determinants were listed. It is hoped that the text will bring sanitarians and health workers closer to literary texts, since literature can broaden the understanding of human sickness and suffering.Este texto foi apresentado em um encontro promovido pela Editora Fiocruz, que teve lugar no 6º Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Sociais e Saúde, organizado pela Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva em 2013. A ideia do ensaio foi apresentar e discutir textos técnicos e literários, que trouxessem aspectos relevantes para a saúde pública e coletiva. Elaborou-se então uma lista de livros que deveriam ser lidos pelos sanitaristas, incluindo alguns clássicos, referências históricas, outros com caráter regional ou de época. Alguns aspectos autobiográficos procuraram mostrar a relação da autora com a literatura. Foram elencados temas referentes à medicina social, biopoder, medicalização, fome, gentrificação, pedagogias libertárias, determinantes sociais, de gênero e raça. Espera-se que o texto aproxime os sanitaristas e trabalhadores de saúde aos textos literários, já que a literatura pode ampliar a compreensão daquilo que diz respeito ao adoecimento e ao sofrimento humanos
Direito à poesía: creando aberturas en la universidad, la cárcel y la literatura
Get PDFThrough this work we reflect on the results that might be found from the approach of three institutions, which are in principle very distant from each other: the university, the prison and the literature. This reflection comes from our experience in UNILA extension project “Direito à Poesia”, which has been carried out since 2015 by the university professors and students, along with inmates of the penitentiary system of the city of Foz do Iguaçu city (Paraná, Brazil). Based on “Direito à Poesia” and on the dialogical approach to projects that have inspired us, we argue that just as the university should be and has been a space to think critically about the prison, the prison itself should be recognized as an important space to think critically about the university, and as such should be the treatment of this other institution which has also dealt with the prison: literature.En este trabajo reflexionamos sobre lo que puede resultar de la aproximación de tres instituciones, en principio, muy distantes entre sí: la universidad, la cárcel y la literatura. La reflexión parte de nuestra experiencia en “Direito à Poesia – círculos de leitura e escrita com pessoas em privação de liberdade”, un proyecto de extensión universitaria que, desde 2015, realizan profesores y estudiantes de la UNILA, junto con internos del sistema penitenciario de la ciudad de Foz do Iguaçu (Paraná, Brasil). A partir de “Direito à Poesia” y del diálogo con proyectos que nos han inspirado, argumentamos que, así como la universidad ha sido y debe ser un espacio para pensar críticamente la cárcel, la cárcel debe ser reconocida como un espacio importante para pensar de forma crítica la universidad, al igual que esa otra institución que también se ha ocupado de ella: la literatura
“Me llaman el desaparecido”. coexistencia y continuidad entre la desaparición forzada y la desaparición social
Get PDFIn this article I analyze one of the forms of contemporary overflow of the category of "disappearance", by which it goes on to designate forms of invisibility, exclusion and violence that are very different from the one that defined its original framework. In particular, I trace a relationship of continuity between the forms of original forced disappearance - exemplified in the emblematic case of the Chilean military dictatorship - and the forms of "social disappearance" in contemporary liberal democracies. Starting from the relationship between political concepts such as the concentration camp, the doctrine of shock or exception, and the analysis of some cultural products, we explore the possibility of speaking about a deterritorialization of the concentration camp in contemporary forms of disappearance and pose the key question if it is possible that, in its conditions of radical exclusion, some way of listening to the word of the new social disappeared is possible.En este trabajo analizo una de las formas del desborde contemporáneo de la categoría de “desaparición”, por la cual ésta pasa a designar formas de invisibilidad, exclusión y violencia muy diferentes a la que definía su marco originario. En particular, me detengo en el trazado de una relación de continuidad entre las formas de la desaparición forzada originaria –ejemplificada en el caso emblemático de la dictadura militar chilena– y las formas de “desaparición social” en las democracias liberales contemporáneas. A partir de la puesta en relación de conceptos políticos como campo, doctrina del shock o excepción, y del análisis de algunos productos culturales, exploramos la posibilidad de hablar de una desterritorialización del campo de concentración en las formas contemporáneas de la desaparición y planteamos la pregunta clave de si, en sus condiciones de exclusión radical, es posible algún modo de escucha a la palabra de los nuevos desaparecidos sociales
Afecto y Trabajo
Get PDFIn this article I review theoretical approaches that attend to the entanglements between affect and labor in late capitalism. I examine the concepts of affective, reproductive, emotional, and intimate labor, with a focus on what each model illuminates and obscures. While recognizing substantial differences among many forms of affective work, I highlight the relocation of the boundaries between production and reproduction, and public and private selves, as essential common themes among them. Bringing affect into labor changes the ways scholars address traditional debates and categories surrounding workers’ consent, alienation, and exploitation. The intersections of insights into labor and affect provide tools to research the contemporary transformations of work and the tensions and alignments between affective investments and political projects of emancipation from capitalist appropriation of labor.En este artículo, reviso los enfoques teóricos que abordan el entrelazamiento entre afecto y trabajo en el capitalismo tardío. Examino los conceptos de trabajo afectivo, reproductivo, emocional e íntimo, con atención a lo que cada modelo aclara y esconde. Si bien reconozco las diferencias sustanciales entre muchas formas de trabajo afectivo, destaco la reubicación de los límites entre la producción y la reproducción, y el yo público y privado, como temas comunes esenciales entre ellas. Traer conceptualizaciones del afecto al estudio del trabajo cambia los modos en que los académicos abordan los tradicionales debates y las categorías que rodean el consentimiento, la alienación y la explotación de los trabajadores. Las intersecciones matizadas de los conocimientos sobre labor y afecto proporcionan herramientas para investigar las transformaciones contemporáneas del trabajo, y las tensiones y alineaciones entre las inversiones afectivas y los proyectos políticos de emancipación de la apropiación capitalista del trabajo
Sur o no sur: explorando las pertenencias migrantes a través de la elucidación musical
Get PDFIn this article, I explore some of the possibilities that emerge when incorporating into the field of migration studies a technique typically used in cultural studies: music elicitation. Adopting theoretical contributions on the concept of belonging and methodological approaches regarding the inclusion of music in qualitative research, in this text I present the main reflections and results that the introduction of a musical piece in interviews with migrant population prompted. Drawing from a study I conducted in Spain and Italy, which examined the intergenerational narratives of more than forty members of migrant families concerning their notions and senses of belonging, we can observe that the insertion of the musical theme favoured the appearance of a more relaxed atmosphere, the manifestation of introspection spaces, and the emergence of emotional and reflective narratives.En este artículo exploro algunas de las posibilidades que se abren al incorporar una técnica propia de los estudios culturales —la elucidación musical— en una investigación ubicada dentro del ámbito de los estudios migratorios. Partiendo de las contribuciones teóricas en torno al concepto de pertenencia y de las aportaciones metodológicas sobre la inclusión de la música en investigación cualitativa, en este texto presento los principales resultados y reflexiones que suscitó la anexión de una pieza musical en entrevistas con población migrante. A partir de un estudio propio conducido en España e Italia, en el cual se examinaron las narraciones de más de cuarenta miembros de familias migrantes de tres generaciones con respecto a sus nociones y sentidos de pertenencia, se observa que la incorporación del tema musical favoreció la generación de un ambiente más distendido, la aparición de espacios de introspección y la emergencia de narraciones emotivas y reflexivas
La desaparición desbordada. Presentación
Get PDFIt is used to talk about migrants that cross the border, also for citizens that go missing, for those who were murdered during the Spanish civil war and the following dictatorship, it is also the name used to call those erased of the registers in Dominican Republic or Mexico, and sometimes it is how people refer to uncontacted tribes of the Amazonian… The name for those and many others is disappeared. None of those situations correspond, nevertheless, to what the law qualifies as “enforced disappearance”. This issue considers the uses of the category disappearance looking mostly into the social, rather than the savants, uses. The five articles gathered in this issue show how the category disappearance is exceeded and its potentiality as a tool to analyze subjects expelled, pariahs, the precarious, the vulnerable, abandoned lives.Migrantes que cruzan la frontera hacia el norte global, ciudadanos de los que se deja de tener noticias, represaliados de la guerra civil y la dictadura, sujetos borrados de los registros en República Dominicana o México, indígenas no contactados en la Amazonia… Para todos ellos y para otros muchos se hace uso, cada vez más, de la categoría de desaparecido. Ninguno corresponde, sin embargo, con lo que el derecho califica como “desaparición forzada”. Este tema especial reflexiona sobre los usos de la categoría desaparición. Atendiendo más a los usos sociales que savantes, los cinco artículos que lo componen muestran el desborde de la categoría desaparición y su potencialidad como herramienta para analizar los sujetos expulsados, los parias, los precarios, los vulnerables, las vidas abandonadas
Afecto & Raza/(Negritud)
Get PDFWe question the question of affect and race as one that has already built itself upon blackness and anti-blackness, such that the question a priori for an affect theory seeking to address race, we argue, is that of black ontology. We first examine various works in affect theory that theorize race through new mechanisms of discourse, works that theorize interpersonal and emotive affects, and works that have contributed to a biopolitical understanding of race, affect, and assemblage. Delving deeper into a Deleuzian legacy of affect as capacity we assert that the theoretical works of afro-pessimism and black optimism (as black ontology) allows for generative thought around the materializations, value, and productions of racialized capacity—specifically the affective capacity of blackness. This work points to a vital direction for affect theory that can no longer dismiss or transcend race in a bid for a universal masked/marked posthumanism.Cuestionamos la cuestión de afecto y raza como una pregunta que ya se ha construida a sí misma por sobre la negritud y la anti-negritud, de tal manera que la cuestión a priori para una teoría del afecto que busca abordar lo racial es, segun nuestro argumento, una ontología de lo negro. Primero examinamos varios trabajos dentro de la teoría del afecto que teorizan la raza a través de nuevos mecanismos de discurso, trabajos que teorizan el afecto interpersonal y emotivo, y trabajos que han contribuído a un entendimiento biopolítico de lo racial, el afecto y el asemblaje. Indagando más profundamente dentro del legado deleuziano del afecto como capacidad, aseveramos que los trabajos teóricos de afro-pesimismo y optimismo negro (como ontología negra) permiten un pensamiento generador alrededor de las materializaciones, el valor, y las producciones de capacidad racial--específicamente la capacidad afectiva de la negritud. Este trabajo señala una dirección vital para la teoría del afecto que ya no puede descartar o transcender lo racial en su apuesta por el posthumanismo universalista enmascarado/marcado
Emigrar para o outro lado do mar: brasileiras imaginam a Europa
Get PDFInstigated by the global media, the imagination of alternative contexts and lifestyles is an increasingly (re)current social practice. In the article I analyse this practice among Brazilian women who are involved in intimate relationships with European tourists in the seaside neighbourhood of Ponta Negra (Natal, Northeast Brazil). Bearing in mind that the imagination is inseparable from certain political economy frameworks, I try to understand where the imaginary of Europe produced by these women come from and how it manifests itself; to what extent do these imaginary shapes predisposition and agency for transatlantic migration; and how previous representations are calibrated and resignified when mobilities for the European continent occur. The analysis is based on an ethnographic fieldwork experience, in which participant observation and semi-directed interviews constituted the main means of empirical research.Instigada pelos media globais, a imaginação de contextos e estilos de vida alternativos é uma prática social cada vez mais (re)corrente. No artigo analiso esta prática entre mulheres brasileiras que se envolvem em relações de intimidade com turistas europeus no bairro balnear de Ponta Negra (Natal, Nordeste brasileiro). Sem esquecer que a imaginação é indissociável de determinados quadros de economia política, procuro compreender de onde procedem e como se manifestam os0 imaginários da Europa produzidos por estas mulheres; em que medida estes imaginários configuram predisposição e agência para a migração transatlântica; e como as representações prévias são calibradas e ressignificadas quando ocorrem mobilidades para o continente europeu. A análise é alicerçada numa experiência de terreno etnográfica, no âmbito da qual a observação participante e as entrevistas semidirigidas constituíram procedimentos centrais de pesquisa empírica
Afecto, Cognición y Neurociencias
Get PDFLike many academic disciplines in the twenty first century the humanities have been deeply affected by developments in the brain sciences. Conceptually this has meant that some of the major preoccupations of the previous century, like those adhering to a Cartesian division between mind and body or the psychoanalytical conscious/unconscious duality, have been supplanted by a new kind of neurological relation; that is to say, the relation established between a diminished mental faculty and the imperceptible governing power of the nonconscious. What is presented here is focused on a theoretically contested notion of the neurological nonconscious that has produced two differently orientated strands in the posthumanities. The discussion focuses on attempts to assimilate a contested understanding of the nonconscious in a remodelled cognitive theoretical framework, on one hand, and a new materialist rendering of affect theory, on the other.Al igual que muchas disciplinas académicas en el siglo XXI, las humanidades se han visto profundamente afectadas por los avances en las ciencias del cerebro. Conceptualmente esto ha significado que algunas de las principales inquietudes del pasado siglo, como las que se adhieren a una división cartesiana entre mente y cuerpo, o la dualidad psicoanalítica del consciente/inconsciente, han sido suplantadas por un nuevo tipo de relación neurológica; esto es, la relación establecida entre una facultad mental disminuida y el imperceptible poder gobernante de lo no-consciente. Lo que se presenta aquí se centra en una noción teóricamente impugnada del no-consciente neurológico que ha producido dos posicionamientos orientados de manera diferente en las posthumanidades. La discusión se centra en los intentos de asimilar una comprensión impugnada del no-consciente en un marco teórico cognitivo remodelado, por un lado, y una nueva interpretación materialista de la teoría del afecto, por el otro
Colonialidade, Estética e Partilha do Sensível: debates em torno da arkhé do mundo moderno/colonial
Get PDFWe aim, from the perspective of decolonial thought, to problematize coloniality from the contributions of Jacques Rancière\u27s thought guided by the concepts of aesthetics, distribution of the sensitive and arkhé. Based on the decolonial framework, Jacques Rancière\u27s thought advances in the debate on coloniality when he brings the concept of aesthetics as a configuration of the sensitive. The idea of distribution the sensitive can show us the ways to separate and share social places and identities at the same time, bringing their divisions, culminating in perceptions that match and/or perceptions that break with the established. The concept of arkhé provides us with the intelligibility of colonization processes and the thinkability that is at the base of the naturalization of hierarchies. Thus, it is necessary to understand not only the distribution of places, but, because it is a regime of sensitivity, also understand the mechanisms of subjectification inherent to the decolonization process.Objetivamos, sob a ótica do pensamento decolonial, problematizar a colonialidade a partir das contribuições do pensamento de Jacques Rancière orientados pelos conceitos de estética, partilha do sensível e arkhé. A partir do referencial decolonial, o pensamento de Jacques Rancière avança no debate sobre a colonialidade quando traz o conceito de estética como uma configuração do sensível. A ideia de partilha do sensível pode nos indicar as maneiras de separar e compartilhar a um só tempo, lugares sociais e identidades, trazendo suas divisões, culminando em percepções que coadunam e/ou percepções que rompem com o estabelecido. O conceito de arkhé nos fornece a inteligibilidade dos processos de colonização e a pensabilidade que se coloca na base da naturalização das hierarquias. Assim, faz-se necessário compreender não apenas a distribuição de lugares, mas, por ser um regime de sensibilidade, compreender também os mecanismos de subjetivação inerentes ao processo de decolonização