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Pest scenario of ber ( Ziziphus mauritianaLam.) in arid regions of Rajasthan: a review
Get PDFIndian jujube known as ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) is an extremely drought hardy and native fruit of India. However, the quality of fruits and productivity is not obtainable up to the standard. One of the reasons for it is infestation of insect pests on the vegetative as well as developing fruits, which ultimately leads to significant yield loss and quality attributes of the fruits. Though as many as 130 species of insect pests have been recorded in India, only few species have attained the pest status and cause substantial economic damage to ber. A total of 12 insect-pests infesting on ber have been recorded from hot arid region of Rajasthan. Out of these, three insects viz., Ber fruit fly (Carpomyia vesuviana Costa), fruit borer (Meridarchis scyrodes) and stone weevil (Aubeus himalayanus Voss) were recorded as major pests with high infestation rate, whereas two insects (Ber butter fly, Tarucus theophrastus (Fabricius) and thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis (Hood)) were recorded as moderate pests. As many as seven insect pests viz., grey weevil, Myllocerus dentifer (Fabricius), M. blandus Faust, Amblyrrhinus poricollis Schoenherr; leaf webber, Synclera univocolis; ber mite, Larvacarus transitans, bark eating caterpillars, Indarbela sp and termite, Odontotermes sp were recorded as minor pests. The incidence of fruit fly (C. vesuviana), fruit borer (M. scyrodes) and stone weevil (A. himalayanus) were recorded on ber from October to February. The fruit fly infests most of the Ziziphus species grown in the world and cause severe yield loss up to 80% or even more. The average percent incidence of stone weevil, A. himalayanus was observed between 13.00 to 64.00 in fallen fruits and 12.00 to 59.33 on attached fruits of ber. The seasonal incidence of fruit borer, M. scyrodes attained its peak in the second fortnight of December (58.33%) in ber crop. The leaf feeder’s viz., ber butterfly, leaf webber, mite, thrips and grey weevils were more active during June to September
Quantification of contribution of PSB in reducing the requirement of P fertilizer in potato production in mid hill of Himachal Predesh
Get PDFApplication of 100 kg P2O5/ha (100% dose of recommended P) along with PSB inoculation gave highest tuber yield (216 q/ha) which was statistically at par with 100% P (206 q/ha). Application 100% P was statistically was at par with 75% P + PSB (203 q/ha). Higher mean of yield, phosphorus uptake, phosphorus use efficiency and apparent nutrient recovery were observed with seed inoculation with PSB as compare to without PSB. The results of this study indicated the beneficial effects of PSB inoculation on tuber yield and 11 to 18% of recommended dose of P can be saved with the seed inoculation by PSB
Microbudding in bael as influenced by foliar spray of NAA and BA on rootstock and scion
Get PDFConducted an experiment in nursery with five levels of plant growth regulators i.e., control (T1), NAA 25 % (T2), NAA 50 % (T3), BA 25 % (T4) and BA 50 % (T5) replicated thrice and selected five plants per replication under complete randomized block design. Total 75 saplings under experimentation, under this experiment, three to four months old rootstocks and 30-40 cm long scion sticks were selected for spraying different concentrations of NAA and BA at 7 days before the budding operation. The treated bud sticks were used for excision of buds for budding on treated rootstocks. Results revealed that budding operation was performed on rootstocks treated with BA 50 ppm, it was possible to produce saleable size budded saplings in relatively shorter period as compared to control i.e. within 60 days after budding
Effect of supplementary feeding on productive and reproductive performance of milch buffalo and feed economics under field conditions in Panchmahal district of Central Gujarat
Get PDFAverage milk yield recorded during the study was period 5.42±0.43, 6.43±0.57 and 6.67±0.39 litre per day in T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively. The results indicated that the buffaloes supplemented with mineral mixture and common salt produced 23.06 per cent more milk as compared to control without any adverse affect on the body weight and health of the animals. The increase in milk yield was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the animals of supplemented group as compared to control. The results of study revealed that 16.38 per cent reduction in cost milk production per litre in buffalo were due to the supplementation of mineral mixture and common salt under of hot semi-arid ecosystem. The supplementation of mineral mixture and common salt during experimental period indicates that benefit cost ratio 1:2.24 was recorded, which appears to be very lucrative over traditional system of feeding. Based on observations, it can be concluded that supplementary feeding of mineral mixture and common salt economically improved the milk production and reproductive performance of buffaloes under hot semi-arid ecosyste
Horticulture based crop production site management approach (HBCPSMA): an innovative concept for doubling farm income under dry-lands
Get PDFMost of the recent past advances in Indian horticulture are for production with favorable agro-climate. The vast land and diverse areas of Rajasthan (desertic hot arid, semi-arid to sub-humid and tribal zone) is yet not received systematic thought for horticulture development. What is needed is intensive surveys and analysis of these vast and varied areas for their potentiality which they offer for the production of large number of fruits, vegetables, seed spices and high value crop-plants and their agro-climatologically settings for the particular crop and commodity based land and resource use, and strategies for the development of production sites and related systems (crops for truck gardening, seed production, organic culture, external and export market, rural industries and storage and marketing chain) for the defined sub-zones. Secondly, some of the existing production system should be modified and converted in to the clusters of villages or area based production sites adopting industrial approaches, and for this regional institutes, stations and KVK’s should be given mandate for commodity based zonal production site intensive research and development of cultivation areas. Similarly, large-scale varietal trials on adaptive and new crops and their genotypes should be organized followed by regular supply of quality seed / planting material by specialized organization in region for stability in targeted commodity cultivation on commercial scale and development of chain for storage and marketing. At the same time, crop-commodity groups consisted of producers, research and extension services and developmental agencies be developed and recognized in each production sites (HBCPSMA) as system approach
Response of Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium Levels on Growth and Yield of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.]
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted during summer (Zaid) 2015 at Instructional Farm Department of Horticulture, MJRP College of Agriculture & Research, MJRP University Jaipur (Rajasthan). Results of field experiment revealed that the minimum days required to opening flower from sowing were recorded under application of 90 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 + 60 K2O ha-1 whereas the maximum days were noted under absolute control. Plant height and seed germination were recorded maximum under application of 90 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 + 60 K2O ha-1, after 40 days, 60 days and 80 days. Amongst fruit characters, the maximum length and diameter of fruits, fruit yield plant-1and number of fruits plant-1were recorded under application of 90 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 + 60 kg K2O ha-1 The maximum yield was obtained under application of 90 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 + 60 K2O ha-1. Application of 90 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 + 60 K2O ha-1 recorded significantly higher net returns and B C ratio which was found statistically superior