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Planting density and nitrogen management effects on productivity, quality and water-use-efficiency of Indian mustard under conservation agriculture based pearl millet – mustard system
Get PDFA field experiment was carried out during 2016 at the research farm of IARI, New Delhi to study the effect of planting density and nitrogen management protocols on productivity, quality and ware-use-efficiency of Indian mustard under conservation agriculture based pearlmillet – mustard system. The experiment comprised of 3 planting density; normal distance sowing (P1), high density sowing fb alternate row harvesting for fodder at 35 DAS (P2) and high density sowing fb alternate row harvesting for mulch at 35 DAS (P3) in main plots and five treatments of nitrogen management [control (N0), 60 kg N ha-1 as basal (N1), 30 kg N ha-1 as basal + 30 kg N ha-1 as side dressing (N2), 75 kg N ha-1 as basal (N3) and 37.5 kg N ha-1 as basal + 37.5 kg N ha-1 as side dressing (N4)]. Maximum production efficiency (13.54 kg ha-1day-1), net returns (42213 ha-1) and monetary efficiency (338 ha-1day-1) were recorded under P2. Whereas, seed yield (1681 kg ha-1) was founded maximum in P3 treatment. The highest protein yield (326 kg ha-1) and water-use-efficiency (8.26 kg ha-1mm-1) were recorded from treatment P3 and consumptive water use (210.8 mm) and rate of moisture use (1.69 mm day-1) were realized from treatment P2. Among N-management treatments, N4 resulted in the highest seed yield (1893 kg ha-1), production efficiency (15.51kg ha-1day-1), net returns (52371 ha-1) and monetary efficiency (419 ha-1day-1). The same treatment also recorded highest grain protein content (19.70%), protein yield (373 kg ha-1), oil content (38.0%) oil yield (720 kg ha-1), consumptive use of water (211.7 mm) and water-use-efficiency (8.95 kg ha-1mm-1)
Functional and nutritional health benefit of cold-pressed oils: a review
Get PDFKachi ghani or cold pressed it means pressing the oil grains with force and oil is extracting. Its processed at lower temperature does not alter the properties of the oil which contains a higher phenolic content, flavour, aroma and nutritional value. The nutritionally valuable bioactive components of cold-pressed oils were presented such as: tocopherols, sterols, carotenoids and phospholipids with oxidizing properties partly removed from refined oils or destroyed during the industrial refining. Cold pressed oil does not contain trans fatty acids and are naturally cholesterol, it has great importance for cooking and skin care requirements. In the present study it was emphasized on functional food and nutritional characteristics of cold-pressed oils and the method of its extraction, factors influencing the quality attributes of the obtained oils were also discussed
An investigation on performance of onion price and market arrivals in major Indian markets
Get PDFOnion is a significant and essential commodity used in all the Indian delicacies either in raw form or dehydrated form to add flavour and taste to cuisine. India is the 2nd largest producer of onion next to china and it is also 2nd highest yielded vegetable in India. Though it shares a considerable amount of area and production among all the vegetables along with high marketable surplus, it fails to approve steady price throughout the year. Instability in market arrival contributing to the price fluctuations is mainly caused by substantial dependence on meteorological conditions and perishable nature of the crop. Often this high price fluctuation and variation in price causes suffering to the farmers by affecting their income level. It impacts the consumers adversely and also causes inefficiency in the functioning of the market. Realising the importance of the situation, through this paper it has been investigated. The trends in market arrival were positive in three markets except Azadpur. Trend in nominal price is found positive and for real price it was found negative in all the markets. Seasonal index showed that the arrival in different markets remained on the higher side during the peak harvesting season of the particular region and it collides with the low seasonal price index. Variability index revealed the existence of high variability for both of price and arrivals of onion. However, because of presence of significant seasonality in prices there is scope for increasing the income of farmers by concentrating on marketing during lean periods
Mateera, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) germplasm utilization for improving fruit quality and marketable harvest under hot arid climate of India: approaches and out-put
Get PDFCucurbits, a big group of vegetable cultivated extensively in India. It consist wide-range of crops used in culinary, salad, dessert, pickling and processing. Indigenous cucurbits both fresh and dehydrated form ensuring nutritious food to inhabitants of tribal and desert areas. Kachri, kaakdia, mateera, tinda and tumba is grown under rainfed situations and its cultivation is admired with the traditional farming in north-western parts of Rajasthan. Mateera is under-utilized, drought tolerant and native form of watermelon. Its nutrition rich tender and ripen fruits and seed-kernel liked by desert dwellers and sold at high premium. For developing drought and heat tolerant genotypes in mateera, ICAR-CIAH initiated first-time intensive research and wide range of Citrullus germplasm collected, conserved and utilized in crop improvement work from 1994 to 2012. In past, absence of standard varieties in drought tolerant mateera, the arid zone farmers obliged to use heterozygous seed collected from fruits (based on taste) of own fields. This obviously results poor and no-insured quality. On evaluation of the Citrullus germplasm (254 entries) at Bikaner, watermelon genotypes failed to express their potentialities under high temperature and rainfed conditions. Therefore, use of indigenous and generated variability, and promotion of varieties from native germplasm is found to be beneficial. Mateera line AHW-18, AHW-19, AHW-65, AHW-108, AHW-140, AHW-RSS-1 and AHW-BSM-1 are promising for use in breeding or trait-specific selections. The developed mateera varieties i.e. AHW-19 and Thar Manak are early in harvesting, producing better quality fruits and multiple-use, and recommended for cultivation under resource constraints hot arid environment
