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कृषि और उससे जुड़े क्षेत्रों में महिलाओं का योगदान
No full textहालांकि दुनिया की लगभग आधी कृषि श्रम शक्ति महिलाओं की है, पर महिलाओं के पास 20 प्रतिशत से कम कृषि भूमि है। वहीं, अध्ययन में आया है कि दुनिया में लंबे समय से भूखे लोगों में से 60 प्रतिशत महिलाएं या लड़कियां हैं। इसलिए महिलाओं का सशक्तिकरण करना बेहद आवश्यक है क्योंकि जब महिलाएं पूरी तरह से कृषि में शामिल होती है तो लाभ तुरंत देखा जा सकता है जैसे कि: स्वस्थ परिवार; अधिक आय, बचत और अधिक निवेश । महिला किसानों की क्षमता का एहसास करने के लिए कृषि में लिंग विशिष्ट और लिंग संवेदनशील दृष्टिकोण, संरचनात्मक असमानताओं को संबोधित करना आवश्यक है। सक्षम और कुशल महिला कार्यबल से किसानों की आय दोगुनी करने का लक्ष्य हासिल किया जा सकता है। समान पहुंच और अवसर सुनिश्चित करके कृषि में महिला कार्यबल का सशक्तिकरण भारत की ग्रामीण अर्थव्यवस्था में मूलभूत परिवर्तन लाएगा, जिससे लाखों लोगों के जीवन में सुधार होगा
Effectiveness of botanicals, inorganic salts and fungicide against Fusarium wilt of muskmelon under hot arid region of Rajasthan
Get PDFInvestigation was undertaken to screen out the extract of botanicals viz., Neem leaf, Tumba fruit, NSKE and Aak leaf and inorganic salts against Fusarium wilt of muskmelon. This disease caused by Fusarium acuminatum is a major fungal disease causing serious losses to muskmelon growing areas in Rajasthan. The field trials were carried out on muskmelon susceptible variety ‘RM-50’ against Fusarium wilt during summer season of 2019 and 2020 at this Institute. Among 11 treatments, carbendazim (0.1%) was found the most effective treatment for management of Fusarium wilt with minimum disease incidence (PDI) of 15.83% and 60.84% disease reduction, followed by neem leaf extract @ 10% with disease incidence of 21.89% and 45.84% disease reduction. Maximum disease incidence (40.42% PDI) was found in case of control
Eco-friendly organic management of rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) under stored conditions
Get PDFThe results showed that neem leaf powder was the most effective treatment with a record of the highest mean adult mortality of 67.22 per cent and also exhibited the lowest weight loss of 0.67 per cent after 60 days of treatment. It was followed by powders of Eucalyptus (58.89% & 0.87%) and Tulsi (51.11% & 0.80%). The least effectiveness of turmeric rhizome powder against the pest recording minimum adult mortality and maximum weight loss of 30.56% and 1.07% per cent respectively was noticed control against adult mortality (30.56 %), grain weight loss and adult emergence owing to T. castaneum. As a result, 1.5 g/100 g of grains of neem leaf powder can be recommended as a safe control method against T. castaneum in stored wheat. The overall mean adult mortality of T. castaneum in fenvalerate was 72.78 per cent. When it came to treating T. castneum with some inert materials, boric acid treatment was the most effective showed the 100 percent adult mortality, followed by coal ash (71.67 %) and cow dung ash (63.33 %) after 5 days of storage. There was minimum grain weight loss and least adult emergence was recorded in the treatment of coal ash and cow dung ash. Whereas sawdust resulted in the least effective treatment with mean adult mortality of (35.56 %), there was maximum adult emergence seen
Economic analysis of different rice cultivars against major biotic stresses
Get PDFThe on-farm trials during kharif 2017 and 2018 were conducted to study the prevalence of major biotic stresses and benefit-cost ratio on popularly grown rice cultivars. The results revealed that non-significant variations were noticed between cultivars on the incidence of leaf folder damage, BPH & WBPH populations and severity of sheath blight disease in the stipulated period. However, the variation observed in these biotic stresses is due to the maturity period of cultivars. The long-duration cultivars result in more shelter from insects and disease due to the dense crop canopy and take more days to maturity as compared to medium-short duration cultivars. It was also found that cultivating long-duration cultivars viz; Pusa 44 and Pili Pusa gave the highest yield with a low benefit-cost ratio as compared to medium-short duration cultivars like PR 121, PR 122, and PR 126. Our study concluded that the cultivation of medium-short duration cultivars is more profitable due to the low cost of production, less use of chemical inputs and lesser requirement of irrigation water
Biological parameters and thermal requirements of Trichogramma chilonis reared on Corcyra cephalonica and Plutella xylostella eggs
Get PDFThe objective of this work was to determine the biological parameters and thermal requirements of Trichogramma chilonis strain reared on Corcyra cephalonica and Plutella xylostella eggs at College of Agriculture, CAU, Imphal, Manipur. The optimum temperature for the parasitism and emergence of T. chilonis was 25°C and the utmost longevity was found at the same temperature. Maximum parasitism was observed 84.14 and 82.71 per cent at 25°C, while minimum parasitism was 76.57 and 69.14 per cent at 20°C on C. cephalonica and P. xylostella eggs, respectively. The results indicate that temperature has a significant effect on the biological parameters of T. chilonis and with increasing temperature developmental duration decreased in laboratory condition of Manipur. On the basis of the present results Corcyra cephalonica eggs was more suitable for mass production of T. chilonis than P. xylostella under controlled conditions
Study on genetic variability parameters in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] genotypes
Get PDFThirty-two soybean genotypes were assessed to estimate genetic variability parameters in RBD design with three replications during 2021. The results of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significant variation across the genotypes for each trait studied which showed high variability in experimental material. The higher magnitude (>20%) of GCV and PCV were exhibited by seed yield per plant (33.71% and 35.60%) followed by biological yield per plant (26.64% and 28.47%), number of pods per plant (24.56% and 25.13%) and number of branches per plant (20.24% and 20.75%), respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance showed by seed yield, biological yield, number of pods, number of branches per plant, harvest index, 100-seed weight and plant height, indicating additive gene action and provides the chance for selection-based development of these traits. In this study, higher yield was reported for AUKS 213 (12.44 g) followed by AUKS 259 (11.14 g), AUKS 263 (10.82 g), AUKS 262 (10.44 g) and AUKS 264 (9.99 g) genotypes as per their mean values
