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Success story: extraction method of neem oil from neem seed kernel in Eritrea
Get PDFThis research aims to extract neem oil from kernels of Neem seed. The extracted neem oil was used for bio-pesticide to control pests. An oil presser machine extraction was used to extract the oil. The results obtained showed that an average 140ml/kg of neem seed kernel. Neem based insecticides are botanical pesticides safer to environment and public. Various studies have shown that neem is non-toxic to birds, beneficial insects. Moreover, neem oil can be used as fungicide, insecticide, acaricide and nematicide and could be used best alternative in organic farm. The neem cake produced organic fertilizer, containing high organic matter and 13.8% nitrogen, Phosphorus (0.5% to 1.0%) and potassium (1.0% to 2.0%). The dual activity of neem cake as fertilizer and pest repellent has made it a favored input. Neem cake is a by-product of oil extraction and since it represents 70% of the original seed by weight or volume. Neem is used in storage; pests can be kept away from the grain for a whole year; but if the grain is already infected with pests the protection will not work
Performance of tall wheat under different sowing times and methods using various nutrient sources in western Haryana
Get PDFTo study the effect of different sowing times, methods and nutrient sources on the growth and productivity of tall wheat, a field experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. The analysis of data revealed that tall wheat crop sown in the last week of October on FIRBS recorded significantly higher plant height, dry matter accumulation (at different growth stages), yield attributes, grain yield (2599 kg ha-1) and biological yield (7212 kg ha-1) as compared to conventionally sown wheat crop in 1st and 2nd week of November. Among the different nutrient sources, the recommended doses of chemical fertilizers provided significantly higher values of growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield (2658 kg ha-1) and biological yield (7426 kg ha-1) compared to organic fertilizers/ biofertilizers. Maximum temperature showed a significant and positive correlation with yield and yield attributes. In light of the results to maximize the productivity of tall wheat, it may be sown in the last week of October on FIRBS supplied with recommended doses of fertilizers on the basis of soil test
Comparative economic indicators of the farmers practising natural farming vs conventional farming system
Get PDFThe present study was carried out in Kanchipuram district of the Tamil Nadu. Paddy is the main cereal crop raised in 47,739 ha of the cultivated area followed by groundnut and pulses. Farmers following conventional and natural farming are purposively selected in 120 numbers to cultivate Paddy in 436.56 ha among that area and data was gathered from their respective fields. The main aim of this study is to analyze whether natural farming system was economically better with sufficient economic returns to the farmers against conventional farming practices. The study was confined only to major crop of the study area; paddy. The comparative analysis results revealed that natural farming is a viable option for farmers under the prevailing conditions with a significant yield gap and higher benefit-cost ratio against conventional farming in 2021–2022. Efficient use of available natural resources as a key input for farming was found economically attractive enough to trigger wide spread adoption of natural farming systems in the study area
Non-Conventional food Plants available in and around Loktak Lake, Bishnupur (Manipur)
Get PDFLoktak Lake is the largest fresh water lake in North East India. The lake is situated at Moirang in the Bishnupur District, Manipur about 48 km to South from Imphal city. This Lake extends about 287 km2. Loktak Lake has an indispensable relationship with the people of the state since time immemorial from socio- cultural and economic viewpoints. Many edible plants are available in and around the Lake. The food plants which are not commonly available in the market and those which are not commonly utilized as food throughout the country are considered as non-conventional food plants. There are various plants which grow in the lake as submerged, free floating, rooted with floating leaves, emergents, etc. and some are found to grow on the floating humus (Phum). The main food of the Brow Antlered Deer (Rucervus eldi eldi) which is found only in Keibul Lamjao National Wildlife Sanctuary near the Loktak Lake is a variety of young shoots of grasses, herbaceous plants, Zizania latifolia, etc. Some important non-conventional food plants available in and around the Lake are Hedichium flavum (Loklei), Alpinia allughas (Pullei), Euryale ferox (Thangjing), Nymphaea stellata (Thariktha), Nymphaea alba (Tharo angouba), Oenanthe javanica (Komprek), Ipomoea aquatica (Kolamni), Nelumbo nucifera (Thambou, Thamchet and Thamna khenjong), Sagittaria sagittifolia (Koukha), Trapa bispinosa (Heikak) Zizania latifolia (kambong) etc. Some plants such as Ipomoea aquatica (Kolamni) and Alpinia allughas (Pullei), Neptunia oleracea (Eshing Ekaithabi), Ludwigia adscendens (Eshing Kundo), etc. have medicinal importance. These food plants are very rich in vitamins and minerals
पोषणउद्यान- कुपोषण के विरुद्ध एक सक्षम प्रस्ताव
No full textपोषण उद्यान, पोषक तत्वों से भरपूर रसायन मुक्त सब्जियों और फलों की वर्ष भर घर पर उपलब्धता को सुनिश्चित करने का एक प्रभावी प्रयास है। फलों और सब्जियों पर केंद्रित यह पोषण का सबसे अच्छा स्रोत है और पूरे वर्ष पारिवारिक आहार सम्बन्धित विविध आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करता है। यह कुपोषण को समाप्त करने का एक कारगर उपाय है। पोषण उद्यान में भोजन और आय के स्रोत के लिए फलों और सब्जियों की खेती की जाती है। यह किचन गार्डन का एक अधिक उन्नत प्रकार है। पोषण उद्यान, विशेष रूप से महिलाओं के लिए फायदेमंद हैं तथा छोटे और सीमांत किसानों को विविध प्रकार के पोषक आहार प्रदान करने के साथ ही अन्य कई लाभ प्रदान करने में मदद कर सकता हैं जैसेकि पोषण उद्यान में लगे फलों और सब्जियों को अतिरिक्त आय के लिए विक्रय कर सकते है। पोषण उद्यान की अवधारणा को विकसित करने का मुख्य उद्देश्य ग्रामीण महिलाओं को अपने घर पर उपलब्ध खाली जमीन में खाद्य फसलें लगाने के लिए प्रेरित करना हैं। पोषण उद्यान वाला प्रत्येक ग्रामीण परिवार, पोषण संबंधी पारिवारिक आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करने के लिए बाजार पर निर्भर नहीं रहता है और अधिक मात्रा में उत्पादन होने की अवस्था में उत्पादन को बिक्री के लिए भी रखा जा सकता है। जगह की कमी की स्थिति में शहर में टैरेस गार्डनिंग, वर्टिकल गार्डनिंग और कंटेनर गार्डनिंग के प्रकार के रूप में पोषण उद्यान की स्थापना की जा सकती है
ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों मे कृषि उधमिका: आज के समय की जरुरत
Get PDFखेती में बढ़ती लागत व घटते लाभ के कारण युवाओ का खेती के प्रति आकर्षण कम होता जा रहा है। ग्रामीण क्षेत्रो के युवा शहरो की तरफ पलायन कर रहे है। ऐसी स्थिति में कृषि उधमिता को अपनाकर नये रोजगार के अवसर सृजित कर सकते है। साथ-साथ ही शहरी पलायन को भी रोका जा सकता है। आज के समय में शुद्ध आर्गेनिक खाने की मांग बढ़ रही है सभी लोग अब स्वास्थ्य के प्रति जागरूक हो गये है। इसलिए ग्रामीण युवा कृषि उधमिका के माध्यम से अनेक प्रकार के रोजगार सृजन कर जैसे कृषि पर्यटन, मुर्गीपालन, पशुपालन, मत्स्य पालन, मशरूम की खेती आदि द्वारा शहरी क्षेत्रो में शुद्ध सब्जी, फल, अनाज, अंडा आदि पहुँचाकर अधिक से अधिक आमदनी अर्जित कर सकते है। कृषि उधमिका आज के समय की जरूरत है ताकि ग्रामीण युवा आय के साधन जुटा सके
Climate regulation in protected structures: a review
Get PDFThe regulation of greenhouses microclimate is crucial for better plant development and higher yields. Chief microclimate parameters such as solar radiation, temperature, relative humidity, light and CO2 can be manipulated by various control actions, such as heating, natural or forced ventilation, CO2 dosing, humidification and dehumidification to provide suitable environmental conditions for all greenhouse crops. However, these modifications require further energy and fuel usage in the production process. Furthermore, greenhouse microclimate can be adversely affected by extreme climatic conditions and, therefore, optimal ambient control is required to perform complex operations involved in energy balancing, including low emissions and reduced cost of production. This paper presents the information on various parameters concerned with greenhouse climate regulation, their controlling methods and their influence on the crops cultivated inside the protected structure
Adaptive dynamics of earhead bugs in different genotypes of sorghum under abiotic factors
Get PDFBased on preliminary screening, ten sorghum genotypes were selected on the basis of head bugs infestation and grain damage rating by visual observation method and replicated thrice in a plot size of 3 metre row length. The population build-up of sorghum earhead bugs was low with mean of 18.9 bugs/5 panicles in resistant genotypes as compared to susceptible ones (66.20 bugs/panicles) and minimum temperature, relative humidity of morning and evening hours were negatively correlated while, maximum temperature and sunshine hours were positively correlated with head bug population build-up in sorghum crop. It is inferred that sorghum earhead bugs did not preferred some sorghum varieties with certain morphological as well as biochemical plant characters which in the end reflects in the population build-up of sorghum earhead bugs
Screening of onion species against white rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in Manipur
Get PDFWhite rot of onion caused by Sclerotium rolfsii has devastated onion cultivations at various small scale onion growing locations in Manipur. The maximum white rot disease incidence was observed during the month of April in all the onion species and the minimum disease incidence was observed during February month. The disease symptoms were not apparent during the first three months after planting. The symptoms of white rot became evident during second week of February with yellowing of leaves starting from tips and gradually progressing downwards. The disease became most obvious during last week of March to first week of April when the basal part of onion stem starts rotting and drooping and the plant wilts and collapse. The bulbs of infected plants are decayed and accompanied by the signs of the pathogen including white mycelium and sclerotia