213 research outputs found
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Khejri tree mortality associated with infestation of Acanthophorus serraticornis (Olivier) and Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) p. Karst. in Rajasthan
No full textTwo major biotic factors Acanthophorus serraticornis (root borer) and Ganoderma lucidum (root rot) responsible for khejri mortality was assessed in five districts in Rajasthan. Data obtained clearly revealed that all the dried/ dead Khejri trees under study were invariably infested with either root borer or root rot diseases
Study the influence of climate change on Clavigralla gibbosa (Spinola) in pigeonpea
No full textMonitoring and population dynamics of tur pod bug, Clavigralla gibbosa in unprotected pigeonpea crop during kharif seasons from 2011 to 2014 at the Farmers field of Jurdcial area of S.D. Agricultural University, S.K. Nagar, North Gujarat, India. Temperature, rainfall and host-plant species were analyzed with respect to population fluctuation of the tur pod bug. The observations revealed that, the average number of larval population per plant in the season (from 27th to 3rd standard weeks) was 0.97, 0.32, 0.30 and 0.38 larvae per plant during 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. Population of C. gibbosa had significant and negative correlation with maximum temperature (r= -0.73), rainfall (r= -0.29) and relative humidity (r= -0.79, r= -0.58 morning and evening, respectively)
Effect of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] under rainfed conditions of Rajasthan
No full textAn field experiment was conducted during kharif 2014 and 2015, at Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar (Rajasthan) to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus levels on growth attributes, herbage yield and quality of fodder cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. All growth attributes were significantly (plant height, branches/plant) higher with 30 kg N/ha applied to cowpea. Maximum green fodder, dry matter yield and crude protein content were recorded (178.11 and 36.12 q/ha and 18.07%) with the use of 30 kg N/ha. Besides, Crude protein content was increased greater extent upto 30 kg N/ ha, but the differences between 20 and 30 kg N levelswas found remained at par with each other for protein content in haulm of cowpea. The application of phosphorus upto 60 kg P2O5/ha resulted maximum raised in green fodder and dry matter yield (179.06 and 35.83 q/ha) as compared to other levels. Crude protein content in dry matter was responded well upto 60 kg P2O5 /ha and it was increased by (12.50%) higher over control. The higher net return in terms of gross income (Rs. 28896/ha), net return (Rs. 17044/ha) and benefit: cost ratios (1.69) were realized under 30 kgN/ha. Similarly, 60 kg P2O5 /ha in cowpea gave the additional gross return (Rs. 8100/ha) and net return (Rs. 1769/ha) as compare to without use of phosphorus. Significant interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus levels was noted on green fodder yield
Pest status of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in arid regions of India: a review
No full textDate Palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is considered one of the fruit trees that belong to Palmaceae. The genus consists of fourteen species distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. Many arthropod species are known as pests of the date palm throughout the World. Its reported on more than 50 species of insects and mites as pests of date palms in worldwide. In which, approximately 25% of these species of insects and mites are considered serious pests. In India, the main pests are white scale, Parlatoria blanchardii; lesser date moth, Batrachedra amydraula; red palm weevil (coconut weevil), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, great date moth, Arenipses sabella, Alternaria leaf spot, Alternaria alternate, fruit rot, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporum and they are well adapted to the oasis environment, have been reported to cause serious losses to date palm. Date palm scale is very serious on young palms between two to eight years of age, but even under severe attacks, the palm and its offshoots do not die. The scale insect was observed as major pests in all the orchards in mild to severe form ranging from 1.10 cm² at Dantore to 18.77 cm² at Bikaner. Lesser date moth is an important insect pest of date palm infesting fruits. The lesser date moth is second major pest of date palm in Rajasthan and the incidence of this pest was around 16 to 35 %. Fruit rot disease incidence was recorded during survey program from 10.0 and 30.5% in Bajju and Bikaner, respectively. Alternaria leaf spot disease incidence was noticed in KVK, Fatehpur (Rajasthan) up to 45.50%
Breeding strategies and scope of improvement in arid zone fruit crop-plants under abiotic stressed agro-climate: an analysis
No full textDry-land horticulture has immense potential in providing nutrition, social security and eco-restoration for the inhabitants of desert or rainfed and tribal land-areas of hot arid and semi-arid regions of the country. Realizing the importance and visionary support, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) had prioritized research with few fruits in 1976 and then AICRP on arid zone fruits was started from 1978 with crop based centers in hot–spot region and this strengthen resulted to giving rise of Central Institute for Arid Horticulture in 1993 as national concern for conservation and use of arid crop-plant diversity and their promotion for horticultural exploitation. During 1985, commercial capacity of ber, pomegranate, aonla, bael, tamarind and custard apple was renowned. Indian sub-continent is one of recognized centre of origin or secondary areas of regional diversity for number of fruit crop-plant which are of native to arid and tribal areas, and not much attended for their potentiality i.e. ber, bordi, jharber, khejri, ker, lasora, gundi, pilu, phalsa, daasra, karonda, aonla, bael, wood apple, custard apple, tamarind, jamun, tendu, chironji, mahua, khirni, Palmyra palm, Indian dates, mulberry, fig and sehjan etc. There is ample scope for these drought tolerant and low input requiring crop-plant and for this there is rich reserve of considerable genetic variability is exists in species from Thar desert and tribal areas of the north-western India, which can yield fruits for fresh consumption, products of horticultural and nutraceutical values. Thus, their systematic exploitation and commercialization can not only provide food security but also ensure economic stability in rural masses in vast arid and semi-arid and/or tribal dominating sub-humid areas
Horticulture based crop production site management approach (HBCPSMA): an innovative concept for doubling farm income under dry-lands
No full textMost of the recent past advances in Indian horticulture are for production with favorable agro-climate. The vast land and diverse areas of Rajasthan (desertic hot arid, semi-arid to sub-humid and tribal zone) is yet not received systematic thought for horticulture development. What is needed is intensive surveys and analysis of these vast and varied areas for their potentiality which they offer for the production of large number of fruits, vegetables, seed spices and high value crop-plants and their agro-climatologically settings for the particular crop and commodity based land and resource use, and strategies for the development of production sites and related systems (crops for truck gardening, seed production, organic culture, external and export market, rural industries and storage and marketing chain) for the defined sub-zones. Secondly, some of the existing production system should be modified and converted in to the clusters of villages or area based production sites adopting industrial approaches, and for this regional institutes, stations and KVK’s should be given mandate for commodity based zonal production site intensive research and development of cultivation areas. Similarly, large-scale varietal trials on adaptive and new crops and their genotypes should be organized followed by regular supply of quality seed / planting material by specialized organization in region for stability in targeted commodity cultivation on commercial scale and development of chain for storage and marketing. At the same time, crop-commodity groups consisted of producers, research and extension services and developmental agencies be developed and recognized in each production sites (HBCPSMA) as system approach
Harnessing the value addition and nutraceutical potential of date fruits
No full textAn investigation to harness the potentialities of date fruit to analyze Zahidi (Yellow coloured) and Khuneizi (Red coloured) varieties of date palm fruit was carried out. Date powder of fresh date fruits (doka stage) was developed in form of primary processed product. Value addition of date powder in terms of baked products was found to be organoleptically highly acceptable. The assessment regarding nutraceutical contents of date powder revealed a significant amount of flavonoids (88.26-92.00 CEQ/100g), total phenolic content (468.51- 427.66 mg GAE/100g) and total antioxidant activity by FRAP assay (1227.89- 1071.60 μ mol FRAP/100g). Khuneizi variety had significantly higher (p<.05) flavonoid, phenols and antioxidant activity as compared to Zahidi variety. A strong significant correlation was observed among flavonoids, phenols and antioxidant activity. Thus, date fruits in powdered form have a great potential in baking as well as functional food owing to its nutraceutical contents
Variability in total phenolic content of pearl millet genotypes: inbreds and designated B-lines
No full textTotal phenols of the 90 pearl millet genotypes comprising 46 each of inbreds and designated B-lines (maintainer of CMS lines) grown during kharif-2013 was estimated and those of the 27 genotypes (9 inbreds and 18 designated B-lines) selected during kharif-2013 further grown during kharif-2014 and estimated total phenolic content. Across the groups, pearl millet genotypes showed a significant and marked variation during both the seasons. It varied from rom 175 to 435 mg catechol equi./100g during kharif-2013 and from 191 to 387 mg catechol equi./100g dring kharif 2014. The mean total phenolic content of two seasons (kharif-2013 and kharif-2014) of selected lines varied from 199 to 400 mg catechol equi./100g. During both the seasons designated B lines showed lower mean total phenolic content than that of inbred lines. On the basis of mean performance during kharif-2013 and kharif-2014 HTP 94/54, LPBL 10/112, HMS 14B and HMS 21B were identified as low total phenols containing lines whereas, DPHBL-11-123, HBL 112/H12/1011, HMS 36B and HMS 53B were identified as high phenolic containing pearl millet lines
Environmental awareness analysis: effect of father's qualification
No full textYouths are effected by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors, however parents have major influence on them. Awareness about environment can make them live a better life with a better life style. As per fieldwork conducted one observation was that elders act as de-motivating force for extra-curricular activities and rather want youths to focus on study. Hence, environmental initiatives are discouraged in youths. This study was conducted for analyzing the effect of father’s qualification on boy’s awareness. Sample was collected from secondary school students of age group 14 to 20 from Bikaner city of Rajasthan. Primary data was collected using questionnaire method. Awareness was measured on the environmental issues such as water, light, L.P.G., fuel, air, tree, plastic and global warming. Boys were divided as per father’s qualification into following categories- (1). Not educated, (2). Till 8th class, (3) 9th to 12th class and (4) Graduation and above. Chi-square or z-test was used for analysis at significance level 0.05 for testing two-tailed hypothesis. Results depicted that the difference in the awareness level of boys about various environmental issues with difference in father’s qualification was not significant. Hence, it may be concluded that there is no effect of father’s qualification on boy’s awareness. However there is impact of father’s qualification on overall awareness level of boys. It means it is not necessary that impact of father’s qualification can be seen on one, two or few questions however when overall awareness level is calculated impact of father’s qualification can be seen on boy’s awareness. Parents are concerned about education however other dimensions too need to be developed in youths like awareness about environment so that they could lead an efficient healthy life mutually beneficial for man and nature
Influence of climate change on Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in pigeonpea
No full textAnnual monitoring of the population dynamics of Helicoverpa armigera in unprotected pigeonpea crop during kharif seasons of 2011 to 2014 for 4 years at the farmers field North Gujarat, India. Temperature, rainfall and host-plant species were analyzed with respect to population fluctuation of the insect pest. The observations revealed that, the average number of larval population per plant in the season (from 27th to 3rd standard weeks) was 0.97, 0.32, 0.30 and 0.38 larvae/plant during 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. Population of Helicoverpa armigera had significant and negative correlation with maximum temperature (r= -0.524), rainfall (r= 0.079) and relative humidity (r= -0.827, r= -0.595 morning and evening, respectively)