213 research outputs found
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Climate variability during flowering and fruiting reduces fruit yield of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) in Western Rajasthan
No full textThe arid regions of western Rajasthan have multiple environmental adversities besides low and erratic rainfall. The region also faces frequent drought and often with failure of annual crops. Indian jujube or ber is perennial drought hardy multipurpose fruit species suitable for these areas which fits well in the integrated farming system. Recent years have witnessed climatic variability especially in post monsoon season usually with rise in temperature and decline in relative humidity. An insight into the post monsoon weather data from 2015-17 have revealed definite change in these parameters which led to decreased fruit set and ultimately reduction in total fruit yield. Early varieties like CAZRI Gola and Gola maintain higher yield even under climatic variable situation. Climate change being a global issue calls for immediate adaptive measures such as modification in microclimate and rescheduling the pruning to minimize the adverse impact of climatic variability
Effect of integrated nutrient management on fruit quality of pomegranate cv. Ganesh
No full textA field experiment was conducted with integrated nutrient management treatments on 5 year old pomegranate cv. Ganesh. Total treatment combinations were seventeen viz, T1-Recommended dose of NPK i.e. 500 : 200: 500 g NPK/plant, T2- Vermicompost (10 kg/plant) + Neem cake (5 kg/plant) +Karanj cake (5 kg/plant), T3-Vermicompost (10 kg plant) + 50% NPK, T4-Vermicompost (10 kg/plant) + 50% NPK + PSB (20 g/plant), T5-Vermicompost (10 kg / plant) + 50% NPK + Azotobacter (20 g/plant), T6-Neem cake 5 kg + 50% NPK ), T7- Neem cake 5 kg + 50% NPK + PSB (20 g/plant), T8-Neem cake 5 kg + 50% NPK + Azotobacter (20 g/plant), T9-Karanj cake (5 kg / plant) + 50 % NPK, T10-Karanj cake (5 kg / plant) + 50% NPK + PSB (20 g/plant), T11- Karanj cake (5 kg / plant) + 50% NPK + Azotobacter (20 g/plant), T12-Vermicompost (10 kg) + Neem cake 5 kg + 25% NPK, T13- Vermicompost (10 kg) + Neem cake (5 kg) + 25% NPK + PSB (20 g/plant), T14-Vermicompost (10 kg) + Neem cake (5 kg) + 25% NPK + Azotobacter (20 g/plant), T15-Vermicompost (10 kg) + Karanj cake (5 kg / plant) + 25% NPK, T16-Vermicompost (10 kg) + Karanj cake (5 kg / plant) + 25% NPK + PSB (20 g/plant) and T17- Vermicompost (10 kg) + Karanj cake (5 kg / plant) + 25% NPK + Azotobacter (20 g/plant). Result revealed that combination of vermicompost @ 10 kg + 25 per cent recommended dose of NPK + 5 kg Neem cake+ PSB 20g per plant significantly increased the quality components of pomegranate fruits in terms of TSS (16.95 ◦ Brix) , TSS acid ratio (41.62), ascorbic acid (14.39 mg/100 g), total sugar (14.24%) and organoleptic score (8.51) as well as leaf and soil nutrient status as compared to recommended dose of NPK (500g : 200g: 500g)
Effect of supplementary feeding on the growth and economics of feeding of kids under semi-arid conditions
No full textA trial was conducted at KVK- Panchmahal, Gujarat, India, to assess the effect of supplementation of concentrate and mineral mixture on growth of goats under semi-arid field condition. Thirty Gohilwadi growing kids (3-4 month old) were randomly divided into three groups of ten each. Group T1 (goats kept under sole grazing), T2 (goats fed 150 g concentrate mixture), and T3 (goats fed 150 g concentrate mixture and 10 g mineral mixture in addition to grazing). The duration of experimental feeding was 90 days in all the groups. Total weight gain in T1, T2 and T3 group was 3.22±0.98, 6.36±0.42and 7.15±0.58 kg, respectively of experiment feeding after 90 days. Average daily gain (g) was 35.83±7.22, 70.66±4.67and 79.44±6.47 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The kids in supplemented group (T2 and T3) achieved significantly higher body weight (17.42±.0.49 and 18.55±0.66 kg.) than the non-supplemented group (14.52±0.96). The net return from group T2 and T3 was significantly higher as compared T1. It could be concluded that supplementary feeding of concentrate and mineral mixture to the growing goats improve the growth performance of goats
Importance of quinoa and amaranth in food security
No full textAs a result of increasing population in the India and world, food security has become increasingly dependent on only a few crops with high demanding plant species. The quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and amaranth ( Amaranthus spp. ) are peculiar composition with high nutritional value and rich source of macronutrients and energy. These are called pseudocereals and provide good quality of protein, dietary fiber and lipids rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Amaranth and quinoa are gluten-free grains, having adequate levels of minerals, vitamins, and other bioactive components. Quinoa and amaranth is suitable for diverse consumers groups such as the elderly, children, high-performance athletes, diabetics, celiacs, and gluten or lactose intolerant people. Due to their composition and nutritional facts described for prospective for functional properties such as food supplements or common cereal replacers for human health. A review of the main aspects of amaranth and quinoa as alternative source of nutrient rich gluten free grains which have potential to alleviate hunger and provide food security to the Indian population. It is to be emphasized on the application of the amaranth and quinoa in the value added food for various segments of population; it will also create awareness to the farmers to grow these grains for better earning and livelihood
Effect of different media incorporated with Pusa hydrogel on growth and watering frequency of potted foliage plant, Arrowhead (Syngonium podophyllum Schott.)
No full textTo study the effect of Pusa hydrogel incorporated growing media on morphological characters of Syngonium podophyllum under various watering frequencies, an experiment was conducted in the Horticultural college and Research Institute, Periyakulam, Theni (Tamil Nadu). The treatments were eleven with the composition of basic pot mixture (sand, red soil and FYM at the ratio of 1:1:1), coco peat and Pusa hydrogel. The results revealed that, the media with a composition of 75% pot mixture + 25% coco peat+3g hydrogel /kg of potting media is found to be the optimum medium for potted foliage plant of Syngonium podophyllum. The watering frequency has been altered corresponding to potting media composition and in the other hand the potting media also influenced the morphological character of the plant. This study has proved that hydrogels in potting media improves the water availability and decreases the watering frequency
Timely sowing effect on incidence of aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis in blond psyllium, Plantaga ovata, Forsk
No full textTo find out the effect of different sowing dates on Rhopalosiphum maidis of blond psyllium, P. ovata, (Forsk) crop to determine the optimum sowing of dates. It is seen that the incidence and population fluctuation of R. maidis was dependent on the prevailed climatic conditions of the cropping seasons. The five different sowing dates revealed that early sown crop (9th November) had the minimum infestation (21.84 aphid/tiller) of aphids and highest seed yield (7.32 q ha-1) was obtained as compared to the late sowing crop 30th December (51.02 aphids/tiller) whereas, minimum seed yield was obtained on sown crop 7th December (4.03 q ha-1)
Biochemical basis of plant-insect interaction in arid horticulture crops: a scientific review
No full textPlants are persistently confronted to both abiotic and biotic stresses that drastically reduce their productivity. Plant responses to these stresses are multifaceted and involve copious Biochemical, physiological, molecular, molecular and cellular adaptations. Recent evidence shows that simultaneous occurrence of abiotic and biotic stress can have a positive effect on plant performance by reducing the susceptibility to biotic stress which is a positive sign for arid horticulture crops. Some of these adaptations specifically biochemical adaptations become the source of plant defense mechanisms against biotic stresses like insect’s pest and diseases. These biochemical adaptations/mechanisms includes production of secondary metabolites of plant defense against the biotic stresses especially against insects are wide spread and highly dynamic, and are mediated the response directly or indirectly in arid horticultural crops. Production of secondary metabolites viz. terpenes, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, N & S containing compounds is constitutive as well as inducible through mild stress caused by insect damage to plants which leads to affect the feeding, growth and survival of the insect. Quality and quantity of constitutive secondary metabolites production is species as well as cultivar specific and can be expressed as signature of particular plant or species and leads to the phenomenon of host-plant interaction or host-plant resistance. This phenomenon of host plant resistance to insect can be exploited for development of crop cultivars which readily produce the inducible response upon mild infestation and can perform as one of the of integrated pest management for sustainable arid horticulture crop production. This review presents overviews about these constitutive and inducible responses towards biochemical adaptations in arid horticulture crops to protect themselves against insects
Role of insect pollinators and pollinizers in arid and semi-arid horticultural crops
No full textPollinators and pollinizers play pivotal role in pollination of arid and semi-arid horticultural crop species for sustaining the crop diversity and production systems. Many horticultural crops such as ber, aonla, pomegranate, phalsa, fig, jamun, citrus, bael, khejri, cucurbits, field beans etc. require insect pollinators for efficient pollination) to gain the higher yield. The pollinators and pollinizers increase quantitative and qualitative traits of horticultural crop produce. The present paper provides comprehensive information on the role of native as well as managed pollinators in the arid and semi-arid horticultural crop production. It is necessary to understand the importance of pollinators and pollinizers species richness or diversity in their natural habitat and role in crop improvement. The pollination with honeybees, knowledge about pollinizers, pollinator’s management and artificial pollination are major horticultural inventions to enhance the yield and quality in horticultural crops, since they are highly cross pollinated crops, and promote beekeeping industry to produce good quality honey
Study of variability and heritability in coriander (Coriandrumsativum L.) genotypes under normal and limited moisture stress condition
No full textDrought is very common adverse environmental factor limiting crop production in most of the tropical and subtropical regions of India, thus limiting up productivity. Limited moisture stress is the major constraint in productivity. To generate information on the effect of moisture stress on various traits which contribute for yield would be helpful in developing tolerant coriander genotypes. The result revealed that plant height; umbels per plant and biological yield per ten plants are most important yield component character in limited moisture condition
Study on changes in ultrastructure of Banana cv. Grand Naine during ripening
No full textThe periodical changes occurred at tissue level in fruit pulp and peel of banana cv. Grand Naine belongs to AAA genome was studied during storage period. In banana, structural modification in cell walls became apparent at advanced stages of ripening and showed predominantly dissolution of the middle lamella and gradual degradation of starch granules during ripening in fruit pulp and peel. In this study, four physiological stages of ripening of banana fruit peel and pulp were examined periodically under scanning electron microscope, elucidated degradation of starch granules at the time of ripening