213 research outputs found
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Bioefficacy of paclobutrazol on growth, flowering, fruiting and yield attributes of mango cv. Dashehari under Pantnagar agro-climatic condition
No full textThe investigation was carried out to find out the bioefficacy of paclobutrazol on regular bearing of mango cv. Dashehari. Paclobutrazol was applied as soil drench around the tree trunk @ 15ml, 20ml, 25ml, 30ml, 35ml, 60ml and 30ml (ES)/ tree along with control. There was significant variations observed in growth, flowering, fruiting, yield and quality attributes due to different doses of paclobutrazol. Treatment T4 (paclobutrazol 30ml/tree) was found superior with respect to yield and quality parameters. It was found to reduce vegetative growth and increase flowering, fruit set, fruit retention, yield attributes, TSS, sugars, ascorbic acid and β carotene content. Therefore, it is finally recommended that paclobutrazol @ 30 ml/ tree should be applied for getting maximum fruit yield without affecting the fruit qualit
Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes for yield and curcumin content
No full textEvaluation of genotypes for existing variability and to create variability among genotypes is a vital step, to start fresh crop improvement programme. Fifty five genotypes were evaluated under augmented design with two checks viz., BSR-2 and CO-2. The study revealed that significant difference exists for all the traits studied i.e. plant height, pseudostem girth, number of tillers, number of leaves, soluble protein, weight of mother rhizomes, weight of primary rhizomes, yield, curcumin content except for total chlorophyll content. The fresh rhizome yield was maximum in genotype CL-195 (798 g) followed by CL-74 (978 g). With respect to curcumin content, CL-78 (2.79 %) was identified as line with high curcumin content. Both the factors yield and quality (Curcumin content) gets optimized in the genotypes CL-49 and CL-22
Validations of pheromone trap designs for the management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Crambidae: Lepidoptera)
No full textThe brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis is the most noxious and destructive pest of brinjal and widely distributed in South Asian countries. The yield loss up to 80% was recorded in brinjal cultivation by the infestation of L. orbonalis. Two different studies were conducted in farmer’s field at Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India during Rabi 2017 to evaluate the efficacy of 1) Trap designs 2) Trap errection height. The comparison made on moth retention pattern of commercial Traps and indigenous bottle trap, indicated a significantly different between trap designs. Maximum mean number of moth catches was recorded in Indigenous bottle trap (1.937 moths/ day/ trap). Among the trap heights tested, trap placed at crop canopy level attracted maximum moths (3.54 moths/3 trap/day). Trap moth catch was superior in indigenous trap placed at crop canopy level
A case study on milling quality of local paddy varieties of Manipur stored in traditional storage methods
No full textA case study was carried out to introduce improved indigenous storage structures for storing of four local cultivars of paddy. The improved structures were i) polythene lined bamboo storage structure, ii) metal bin, iii) bamboo storage structure plastered with mud and cowdung mix and iv) wooden storage structure. Effect of different storage structures on moisture content, milling recoveries, insect damage, losses due to moisture migration and germination percentage on four local cultivars of paddy, viz; KD, Huikap, Leimaphou and RCM-9 were investigated. Grains at initial moisture content of 12.5% (w.b.) were stored and changes in its quality parameters were observed for 10 months with intervals of one month. The highest changes in grain moisture content were observed in bamboo mat structures plastered with mud-cowdung mix in all paddy cultivars (16.10-16.50%) except in KD (15.20%) after 10 months and the lowest changes were observed in wooden storage structures ranging from 13.75 to 14.22% (w.b.). No significant change in head rice recovery upto four months were observed. However highest head rice yield of 65.91% in KD and lowest 57.00% in Huikap cultivar were observed in wooden structure and bamboo mat structure respectively. Similarly, insect damage on grain was significant only after 4 months and was highest in bamboo mud structure followed by polythene lined bamboo structure. The highest grain loss of 5.0-5.3% was observed in metal bin due to moisture migration in the structure. Germination test of 10 months stored grains did not show significant difference in all cultivars stored in polythene lined bamboo structure, metal bin and wooden storage structure ranging from 90-93% germination. However, bamboo structure plastered with mud-cowdung mix structure gave the poorest germination capacity of 80%
Scope and strategies for genetic improvement in vegetable crop-plants under high temperature and abiotic stressed climate of Rajasthan: A gap analysis
No full textUn-exploited, under-scored and native crop-plants of horticultural significance have enormous potential in providing nutrition rich food and social security to inhabitants of desert and tribal areas of the north-western India. While conducting surveys and explorations for horticultural perspective, and examining distinctness of hot arid, semi-arid and sub-humid climate of Rajasthan from 1994 – 2004, it was concluded that un-availability of apposite crop–genotypes and production techniques are two major constraints which limiting dry-land vegetable promotion. Traditionally, kachri, kakadia, mateera, tinda and guar-phali ensuring native vegetable produce, besides, khejri (Prosopis cineraria) is playing vital role in long-established mixed farming systems of arid farm-lands. In addition, native land-races of kakri, kheera, kundru, kakoda, cowpea, sem-phali and okra are monsoon supported vegetable harvest in the semi-arid and tribal areas of state. Establishment of NRCAH during 1993 at Bikaner supported systematic research on collection, characterization and conservation of native vegetable crop-plants as regional diversity, and further work was intensified on germplasm utilization in particular for high temperature and abiotic stresses tolerant breeding. The crop-genotype studies over 45 vegetables at CIAH demonstrated that there is magnificent scope in obtaining higher marketable and quality yields, provided better and trait-specific genotypes and production site management (HBCPSMA) as integrated concept for vegetable cultivation under hot arid environment. Thus, conserving germplasm, developing genotypes and newer technological advancement in arid vegetables is an advantage towards better nutrition and farmer’s income under dry-land conditions
Influence of plant growth regulators and nutrients on biometric, growth and yield attributes in Blackgram (Vigna mungoL.)
No full textA study was carried on the transport efficiency of blackgram as influenced by the foliar application of plant growth regulators and nutrient mixture during rabi, 2017-18 as pot culture experiment at glass house of the Department of Crop Physiology. Foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) (250 ppm), mepiquat chloride (MC) (250 ppm), chlorocholine chloride (CCC) (150 ppm) were applied at flower initiation stage and 15 days after the first spray, on blackgram with and without the seed treatment of salicylic acid (50 ppm). TNAU Pulse Wonder (1%) was applied as foliar spray at peak flowering stage. Among the treatments, TNAU Pulse Wonder recorded higher plant height, leaf area, leaf area index and seed yield plant-1. It is concluded that TNAU Pulse Wonder improved the source-sink relationship compared to other treatments with enhanced biometric, growth parameters and yield of blackgram
Effect of difference sources and levels of lime application on yield, nutrient availability and uptake of rice in acidic soils
No full textSoil acidity is an important agricultural problem while evaluating the production potential of most of the crops. A field experiment was conducted in farmers field at Gananadhasapuram village of Thovalaitaluk (strongly acidic soil) and Andarkulam village of Agastheswaramtaluk (moderately acidic soil) during Pishanam (Oct-Feb) and late Pishanam (Nov–Mar) season of 2017-2018 respectively, in the high rainfall zone to study the effect of different source and levels of lime on yield of rice and soil properties. Liming materials viz., dolomite and calcite were tried at different levels along with recommended fertilizers + ZnSO4. The experiment was conducted in RBD. The results of the experiment revealed that significantly higher grain (7.09 and 7.40 t ha-1) and straw (10.3 and 10.5 t ha-1) yield of rice were recorded with the application of dolomite @ 0.75 LR (6.36 t ha-1) (T7) and @ 0.50 LR (1.6 t ha-1) (T5) respectively in the strongly and moderately acidic soils along with recommended dose of fertilizers during pishanam and late pishanam seasons. Similarly, higher nutrient uptake was recorded in treatment T7 and T5 respectively both seasons as compared to other treatments. The soil pH, EC, available NPK, exchangeable Ca, Mg and DTPA extractable Zn, Cu were increased and the DTPA extractable Fe and Mn were decreased upon lime application irrespective of the sources. The economics of various treatments revealed that, the highest B:C ratio (1.86 and 2.56) was recorded with the application of dolomite @ 0.75 LR (6.36 t ha1) (T7) and @ 0.50 LR (1.6 t ha-1) (T5) along with recommended dose of fertilizers in the strongly and moderately acidic soils respectively during pishanam and late pishanam seasons. The study clearly indicated that in strongly acidic soils, the application of dolomite @ 0.75 LR (6.36 t ha-1) (T7) and in moderately acidic soils, dolomite @ 0.50 LR (1.6 t ha-1) (T5) along with recommended dose of fertilizers and ZnSO4 is found to be the best for getting higher yield and higher returns per rupee invested under rice cultivation
Evaluation of aggregatum onion (Allium cepa L.var. aggregatum Don.) genotypes for yield and quality traits
No full textField experiment was conducted with twenty local genotypes of aggregatum onion (Alliumcepa L.var.aggregatum Don.) collected from Tamil Nadu during 2017-2018 at the experimental field of Department of Vegetable Crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam to identify the superior aggregatum onion genotypes for high yield and quality. Among the 20 genotypes evaluated, significant variations were observed for the traits viz., Plant height (cm), leaf length (cm), number of leaves per plant, bulb length (cm), bulb diameter (cm), bulb colour, number of bulbs per clump, fresh weight of bulb (g), dry weight of bulb (g), total soluble solids (obrix), pyruvic acid ( µmol g-1). On the basis of high per se performance the genotype Puttarasal (Aca2) recorded the highest plant height, leaf length, bulb diameter, number of bulbs per clump, dry weight of bulb, total soluble solids, and pyruvic acid content. This genotype could be further carried out for producing high yield and best quality onion variety through further breeding programmes
Influence of corm size and spacing on growth and yield of gladiolus under Nilgiris condition
No full textGladiolus is one of the most popular ornamental bulbous plants grown in many parts of the world as cut flower and bedding plant for its bewitching flowers. It is an emerging cut flower with enormous potential to be used extensively. The present study was conducted to standardize corm size and spacing in order to obtain quality produce to meet the quality standards. The corms of gladiolus cv. White Prosperity of three size group (01-10, 11-20, 21-30 g) were planted in three spacing (40 × 20, 30 × 30, 30 × 20 cm2) and data were recorded on vegetative, flowering and corm production. The research revealed the days taken for 80% emergence of the crop, plant height at flowering (cm), leaf length at flowering (cm), rachis length (cm), floret length (cm), number of florets/ spike, no. of corms/plant, average corm weight (g), average corm diameter (cm) were found superior in gladiolus corm of size 21-30 g planted at a spacing of 40 x 20 cm2 under Nilgiris condition
ITK adoption pattern of organic farming in Tamil Nadu for the management of shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee in brinjal crop
No full textBrinjal, Solanum melongena L, is a commercial grown vegetable crop cultivated by the farmers since several years. Farmers relay mainly on pesticides for the management of L. orbonalis, one of the major destructive pest of brinjal. The awareness among the farmers is increasing day by day for organic farming and organic produce, the area under organic farming is in expanding stage in different state in India. The present study was taken to document and to understand the ITK practices of farmers growing organic brinjal in different districts in Tamil Nadu. Majority of the farmers 65.42 per cent who are practicing farmers are medium category land holding of 2 to 10 hectare and 86.70 per cent of farmers interview depend organic agriculture as main source of Income. Use of 14 different soil amendments/ foliar spray to meet out the nutrient requirement of the organic brinjal crop. The cow based ITK product Panchagavya is a major source of nutrient substitute used by 73 percent of the farmers. They use around 14 different ITK concoctions in rotation for the management of L. orbonalis. Most commonly used ITK concoctions were Meenamilam (10 ml /lit),Neem oil (2ml/ lit), Ginger-Garlic extracts (5ml/ lit), Ten leaf extract (16.4%) moor karaisal (100ml/ lit) pungam oil (30ml/lit), tobacco leaf extract (30ml / lit) Agniasthiram (30ml/ lit) and Neemastram (25ml/ lit). A Meenamilam ITK concoctions used by 75 per cent of the farmers across the Tamil Nadu. The present study indicates availability of an array of ITK concoctions used by the organic farmers for the management of L. orbonalis in brinjal. The information generated in the present study will be useful in designing organic IPM module for the pest management in brinjal and organic vegetable cultivation in general