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Comparison of different total impulse and structure ratio of the primary optimal rocket mass design
No full text補正完畢國內新北市，台灣TW
Generative Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Adapted Physical Education Course Enhancing Students' Self-Directed Learning
No full text身心障礙學生在體育學習中常因認知困難、動作表現限制與自我效能不足而影響參與度，為改善此困境，本研究旨在結合生成式人工智慧（artificial intelligence, AI）鷹架與ARCS（attention, relevance, confidence, satisfaction）動機模式的教學策略，探討適應體育課程的應用成效，以及學生自主學習能力與學習動機之影響。以8名大學生為對象（男3人、女5人，年齡18～24歲），研究採用混合研究法，量化部分以兩種量表測驗，質性部分透過學生反思文本分析AI介入後的學習變化，檢驗學習構面與動機指標之相關性。研究結果顯示，學生在目標設定、自我規劃與滿足感構面上均有正向成長，並發現「專注力」與「自信心」呈現高度正相關，顯示AI能在學習動機歷程中提供潛在支持。本研究認為，若AI教學介入未搭配適切的教師引導與後設認知鷹架，學生可能出現對AI工具的依賴，導致學習動機下降與自我調節受限。建議未來研究應擴大樣本數、延長課程介入期，並設計更完善的AI人機協作架構與評估機制，以推動適應體育教學的永續發展與精緻化。補正完畢TW
Exploring the Viability of Mandating Residential Earthquake Insurance in Taiwan-The Case of Turkish Compulsory Earthquake Insurance
No full text補正完畢TW
Novel multiple Z-score models for detection of coronary artery dilation: application in Kawasaki disease
No full textBackground: This study aims to develop Z-Score models to normalize measurements of three coronary arteries and enhance the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD) in children from newborns to 10 years old. Developing a reliable Z-Score model is challenging, as some existing models fail the normality test. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for improving KD diagnosis.
Method: Detailed measurements of the left main coronary artery (LCA), left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and right coronary artery (RCA) were collected, along with patient demographics such as age, height, weight, and body surface area (BSA). Several Z-Score models, named the Kuo Z-Score models, were proposed, with separate designs for different coronary arteries and different age groups, resulting in multiple Z-Score models. The Z-Score model for the RCA employs the Box-Cox method for data transformation. Finally, we tested various age group combinations, selecting models that passed the Anderson-Darling normality test and had higher R-square values for robustness and best data fit.
Results: The study included 1180 participants free from coronary or heart diseases. The Kuo Z-Score models were optimized for LCA, LAD, and RCA across the five age groups 0-6 years, 6-7 years, 7-8 years, 8-9 years, and 9-10 years. Only the normality test for the RCA in the 7-8 year age group failed. The proposed model fitted to the normality assumption outperforming the other models.
Conclusion: The Kuo Z-Score models, applicable across a broad age range, provides robust identification of coronary artery dilatation and aneurysm in KD. The models' capability to normalize diverse data sets marks a significant advancement in KD diagnostic sensitivity, aiding in better clinical decision-making and potentially improving patient outcomes.補正完畢US
A tale of two platforms: Decoding the digital footprints of high school students in bilingual scaffolded MOOCs
No full textWhile Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are widely used in higher education, their application and effectiveness for high school students, especially English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners grappling with language barriers in English-Medium Instruction environments, remain underexplored. There is a recognized gap in understanding how high school students’ attitudes toward English, self-regulated learning motivation, online behaviors, and perceptions of course design within bilingual scaffolded MOOCs (courses providing linguistic and instructional support in both students’ native language and English) influence course completion outcomes. A mixed-methods design was employed, involving 115 high school students from Northern Taiwan. Data were collected throughout an eight-week intervention. Results show: (1) those perceiving English as practical demonstrated higher self-regulated learning (SRL) motivation and learning satisfaction; (2) discussion participation was a significant predictor of course completion, while reading materials and watching videos were not significant predictors; (3) students primarily valued content knowledge, learning strategies, and language knowledge, and suggested improvements related to information accessibility and course design, including more explicit instructor guidance. The results suggest that MOOC designers and online educators should foster a positive attitude and belief toward English as a Lingua Franca, increase SRL, and design online lessons featuring easy-to-access materials and interactive activities. This study contributes to the broader discourse on inclusive and accessible online learning for global high school students.補正完畢US
Multi-Model Deep Learning Frameworks for Emotion Analysis of Social Media Posts
No full text線上社群發展快速，已成為現代人生活的一部分。然而，社群成員組成複雜，因意
見分歧產生紛擾便時有所見。更由於網路發文之情緒傳播快速，若管理者無法及時發覺，
便可能影響社群正常氛圍，甚至導致社群成員流失。因此，為維護社群長遠發展，首要
之務便是了解成員情緒變化，並及早擬定對策。以人工定期審閱社群發文固然可行，但
顯然緩不濟急，因此運用機器學習自動偵測社群發文情緒，便成為可行的解決之道。有
鑑於此，本論文以情緒沙漏模型為基礎，配合深度學習發展了一套多層次多模型情緒偵
測方法，以準確預測社群發文之複雜情緒。有別於傳統作法，提出之架構分為二層: 第
一層建構了各種不同特質之二分類模型，分別以連續過濾與平衡過濾方式加以組合，以
提升文章正負極性辨識準確性。在第二層，則提出以加權平均與投票方式組合多個二分
類模型，進一步分類第一層之輸出，以產生更高解析之情緒值。為驗證提出方法之有效
性，我們使用實際發文資料進行實驗。結果顯示，研究提出之多層次多模型架構確實優
於傳統單一模型或直覺式多分類方法。當使用連續過濾與加權平均之組合架構時，更可
獲得最佳之預測結果，改善幅度超過20%。上述成果除驗證提出方法之有效性，可做為
網站管理之重要參考依據。補正完畢TW
Power transmission of whistlers in the lunar ionosphere
No full textThis study investigates the power transmission ratio of lunar whistlers below 10 Hz for the first time by solving full wave equations that incorporate collisional effects for waves propagating upward from the surface to 100 km high in an ionosphere with four dominant ion species at temperatures of 150 K and 400 K in the lunar crustal field environment. The results indicate that increasing wave frequencies lead to decreasing power transmission ratios. This trend is consistent with the satellite observations near the Moon, which predominantly detect peak wave intensities at lower frequencies. Stronger magnetic field intensities and larger angles between the field and the surface led to an increase in power transmission ratios. This finding is consistent with the increased detection of waves in regions with higher field intensities and the more frequent occurrence rate of broadband whistlers linked to larger angles. As the temperature increases, the power transmission ratio increases, consistent with the higher occurrence rates of broadband whistlers at regions with smaller solar zenith angles. Incorporating the Doppler shift effect from solar wind on the observed wave frequency, the selenographic distribution of power transmission ratios exceeding −3 dB within the instrumentally detectable frequency range shows a heightened northern–southern asymmetry, aligning with the established patterns of wave intensities and occurrence rates. The preference to measure harmonic whistlers at lower altitudes can be attributed to the attenuation of the higher-frequency component at higher altitudes. The fact that the intensities of left-hand polarized components are more pronounced can also be interpreted.補正完畢US
Welfare improving licensing with endogenous choice of prices versus quantities
No full textThis paper investigates the endogenous choice of prices versus quantities by taking into account patent licensing where the patent holder, which is itself a producer within the industry, licenses its cost-reducing innovation to the rival firm through a two-part tariff contract. For substitute products we find that both Cournot and mixed price-quantity competition may constitute the equilibrium outcomes, depending on the innovation size. Contrary to the results in Fauli-Oller and Sandonis (2002), we show that the optimal licensing contract definitely leads to an increase in social welfare. Our result reinforces the positive welfare effect of patent licensing.補正完畢NL