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Aportes bioéticos y franciscanos en torno a una antropología de la muerte y una hermenéutica del dolor
Full text linkNext, we want to put for the reader’s consideration the reflection carried out
around two related topics both to Bioethics and to Franciscan Humanism:
pain and death. The double horizon of thought proposes the discursive debate
based on two questions: How can the meaning of pain and death be
understood in the proposed double perspective? And how does pain influence,
build, rebuild the subject in contemporary society? Likewise, it is proposedto detect some of the most outstanding conceptions of the phenomenon of
death among students and the attentive care that both teachers and curricula
will take into account, to work on the meaning and meaning of life in the
subjects-objects of study. From our belonging and identity as a Bonaventurian
university, these hermeneutics, which were carried out from a pluralistic
and interdisciplinary perspective, also sought to highlight the horizon of
Franciscan meaning, for this reason questions such as: What does Franciscan
spirituality contribute to topics such as these: pain from an anthropological
perspective and death as an anthropological-existential category
Does the law of 21 March 2022 really improve the protection of academic whistle-blowers?
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Education alternative et non formelle au Niger
Full text linkÀ l’instar des autres pays de l’Afrique-subsaharienne, le Niger est confronté à la tâche de scolariser l’ensemble des enfants et des jeunes en leur offrant des opportunités pertinentes d’apprentissage. Toutefois, le modèle scolaire nigérien montre des signes d’essoufflement et est actuellement incapable de relever ce défi. D’où la nécessité d’autres pistes d’éducation et de formation. Au lieu d’un choix par défaut de la formation scolaire, nous avons avec l’éducation alternative et non-formelle une opportunité de repenser l’éducation dans une perspective africaine et culturellement appropriée. Ce livre réunit les textes d’auteurs qui exposent les potentialités de ce modèle d’éducation, au moyen de différents concepts clefs ainsi que leurs fondements théoriques et pratiques. Résultat d’un travail collectif mené par des chercheurs de plusieurs horizons, le projet est soutenu par Fondazione Vittorino Chizzolini (Italy), L’École normale supérieure (ENS, Niger) et l’Université de Genève (UNIGE, Suisse)
Ethics in open and distance education
Full text linkOpen education is in comparison to the UNESCO 2021 recommendation for open science, based primarily on the intellectual virtue of open science. We
easily notice in this text the great admiration for a philosophical positivism, placing academic knowledge and science in the center of some
collaborative practices: “open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable
scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of
science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy and increased trust in science.” There is a
“vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI)”, if not for “promoting democracy and peace” or for complying with the
UN “Sustainable Development Goals”, open science or its younger brother open education are meant surly to reduce a de facto economically unequal
situation in the world, which can be depicted as distance or “digital gaps” existing “between and within countries”.
Open economy of knowledge suggests a ground principle of negative freedom not to be constrained in an access to some basic goods. We should think
about natural conditions, not only political and economical or human decision related constraints: Africa, and the least developed countries
(LDCs), landlocked developing countries (LLDCs), show that natural types of constraints are everywhere. Interestingly, twelve among the poorest
countries (with the lowest Human Development Index, (HDI) scores) are landlocked, or isolated places. With eight thematic articles focusing on
open and distance education, JEHE 5(2024) is reaching closer to the heart of interdisciplinary research, bringing thought elements for policy in
artificial intelligence and education, by showing that good conversations on ethics can bring teaching and research beyond the traditional gaps
La ecología política como asunto ético : una perspectiva crítica y emancipadora ante las crisis ambientales
Full text linkPolitical ecology is recognized as an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary
field that is interested in studying and intervening the realities located in specific
geographical and historical contexts, problematizing the complex and unequal
relationships that are woven between societies, power, and ecosystems.
This becomes an important critical field that refers to ethical-political, theoretical
and praxis issues in the physical-material and symbolic construction of
nature. This manuscript presents a theoretical reflection on certain aspects of
political ecology, later raising a critique of the concept of development, which
has been stressed from this field for being supported by a reductionist, mercantilist
and destructive vision that includes mass production and voracious
capitalism as the way to achieve high levels of development. Subsequently,
political ecology is recognized as a field that makes social reasoning, feelings
and practices about the ecosystem visible, it proposes an expanded understanding
of ethics that is not restricted to socially normalized behaviors, butto a praxis that considers other expressions of life (human and non-human)
and the tensions, disputes, struggles, resistances and (re)existences typical of
the interrelationships and diverse vital networks in a complex world
Perspectiva de la ética en la inteligencia artificial
Full text linkArtificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that is increasingly present in the life
of the human being. The number of unaccountable use cases of AI that have
emerged recently demonstrate that AI technology must be an urgent issue on
the agenda of the public, private and educational institutions. For this reality,
various international organizations have sought to establish ethical guidelines
for AI. In that journey, challenges emerge to be able to find agreements that
suit developers and users of AI. As for it, corporate and governmental interests,
secondary legislation, economics, cultural horizon, and adoption of various
ethical positions, hinder a dialogue that reflects ethical principles of AI. In
this sense, it is proposed the analysis of concepts that can help to dialogue on
ethics of AI, through the study and classification of the main international
postulates in the matter to generate adequate communication channels that between the community that discusses how to have a use responsible,
institutional, and social of AI
Transhumanismo desde el ámbito de las tecnologías emergentes y convergentes
Full text linkTranshumanism is presented as a proposal to improve the human condition
through the combination of emerging and converging technologies. In this
sense, an analysis is carried out about the implications that these technologies
bring with them in the face of the various options leading to embarking on the
transhumanist and posthumanist path, observing countless possibilities and
opportunities for those who wish to transcend from a human state to a suprahuman
one. This implies, breaking the natural barriers in search of ending
diseases, aging and even death itself. This scenario poses great challenges and
opportunities, both for contemporary society and for those to come, as well
as formulating sociopolitical problems and dilemmas of various kinds, where
bioethics must be ready to deal with the attacks that transhumanism brings
with it under these new scenarios. That said, the present study was framed in
an exploratory-descriptive investigation, showing the interrelation of emerging
and converging technologies in the transhumanist, bioethical and educational
context, showing the advantages and disadvantages they bring
Inteligencia territorial y protocolos comunitarios bioculturales como mecanismos que permiten la deliberación ética y bioética en las intervenciones territoriales
Full text linkWe reflect on the need for territorial intervention methodologies that allow
for community participation and include criteria for the protection of life,
autonomy and traditional knowledge, among others. Without these mechanisms,
practices such as: exploitation of resources and knowledge without communityconsent, homicide of social leaders, forced displacement of communities and
contamination, among others, which are common in Colombia and other
countries when interventions are carried out in the territories, will continue to
be perpetuated. Two methodologies that allow community empowerment and
direct participation in projects are given as examples: biocultural community
protocols and territorial intelligence, whose strengths are centered on a territorial
reading from the complexity and processes of dialogue and deliberation
between actors and agents that allow the adoption of ethical and bioethical
criteria applied to territorial management. Their weaknesses are: the scarce
knowledge of agents and actors in some countries that do not allow a better
adoption and the pace of intervention that may not coincide with the time and
costs required by the agents, which would lead to inadequate practices that blur
these mechanisms
La sindemia como campo de reflexión de la bioética social
Full text linkHumanity has lived through various epidemics and pandemics, that of
covid-19 has been especially shocking, perhaps because we did not expect
that in a world like ours, where we enjoy so many scientific and technological
advances, from one moment to another our securities will be threatened by a
virus, and that it also happened on a global scale with such force. This scenario,
which at first seemed to be only clinical, quickly unleashed other problems
that indicated that taking care of life is not only thinking about health, that
in reality our life is complex and that we have countless relationships and
interactions that we need and that go beyond our biological body, which led
us to speak of syndemia. Social Bioethics, for its part, as a theoretical development
is barely gaining space in the academy, although the intuition that
Bioethics is not only clinical has always been present, it still needs to consolidatemore social reflection, without this dimension necessarily passing to be read
from Biopolitics, a temptation that usually arises. In this presentation we want
to propose the syndemic as one of the scenarios that are opened for the reflection
of social Bioethics and the contributions that it can give in the search for
interdisciplinary solutions
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