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Uji Aktivitas Face Mist Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Propionibacterium acnes
Get PDFEkstrak umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri pada S. aureus, S. epidermidis serta P. acnes dan dapat dikembangkan dalam bentuk sediaan yang kemudian dapat diuji aktivitas antibakterinya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari variasi konsentrasi zat aktif pada formula face mist ekstrak etanol 96% bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.). Metode pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Adapun variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri Face mist ekstrak etanol 96% bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) terhadap bakteri S. aureus konsentrasi 8% (6,51 mm) tergolong kategori sedang. Pada bakteri S. epidermidis (12,33 mm) aktivitasnya termasuk kategori kuat. Sementara pada bakteri P. acnes (7,15 mm) kategori sedang. Kesimpulannya pada F4 face mist menghasilkan zona hambat lebih tinggi dibandingkan F1(2%), F2(4%) dan F3 (6%) terhadap bakteri S. aureus, S. epidermidis dan P. acnes. Pada analisis data diuji dengan Mann Whitney, didapatkan hasil pada formula F1, F2, F3 dan F4 memiliki nilai signifikansi p≤0,05 terhadap kontrol positif yang berarti terdapat perbedaan antar keempat formula dengan kontrol positif.
Dayak Onion Bulb extract (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) has antibacterial activity on S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. acnes, can be developed as a dosage form, and further tested as antibacterial agent. The aim of this research was determine the antibacterial activity of variations in the concentration of active substances in the face mist formula containing 96% ethanol extract of Dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.). The antibacterial activity testing method was carried out using the disc method with varying extract concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%. The results of this study showed that the antibacterial activity of face mist 96% ethanol extract of Dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) against S. aureus bacteria was at a concentration of 8% (6.51 mm) in medium category. In S. epidermidis bacteria (12.33 mm) was strong category. In P. acnes bacteria (7.15 mm) was medium category. In conclusion, F4 face mist produced a higher zone of inhibition than F1 (2%), F2 (4%) and F3 (6%) against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. acnes bacteria. In data analysis tested with Mann Whitney, the results obtained for F1, F2, F3 and F4 had a significance value of p≤0,05 against the positive control, which means there was a difference between the four formulas and the positive control
Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dan Aktifitas Afrodisiak Ekstrak Etanol Cabe Jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl) secara In Silico
Get PDFDisfungsi ereksi merupakan salah satu masalah seksual yang paling umum terjadi pada pria. Obat yang tersedia di pasaran dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini, tetapi penggunaan obat tersebut seringkali menimbulkan efek samping yang tidak diinginkan. Penggunaan bahan alami sebagai alternatif pengobatan semakin populer, salah satunya yaitu ramuan berbahan cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl). Cabe jawa diketahui memiliki berbagai macam metabolit sekunder yang memiliki peran sebagai bioaktif diantaranya aktivitas afrodisiak. Cabe jawa diekstraksi dengan etanol 96% menggunakan metode maserasi dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan LC/MS untuk mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder yang terkandung pada cabe jawa. Sebanyak sepuluh metabolit sekunder terdeteksi yaitu Salsolinol, Quercetin, Caffeoyl putrescin, Diferuloyl putrescine, Feruloyl tyramine, Hydroxychloroquine, Tetrahydropapaveroline, Piperine, N-Oleyl-Leucine, dan Capsaicin. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji in silico terhadap masing metabolit yang diketahui dengan ligan senyawa sildenafil sebagai pembanding terhadap aktifitasnya sebagai penghambat phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) dengan protein PDB ID 2H42. Dari hasil uji in silico dengan teknik molecular docking diketahui bahwa piperin memiliki aktifitas sebagai penghambat phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) dengan nilai energi ikat dan konstanta inhibisi sebesar -8,62 kkal/mol dan 0,485 uM, yang merupakan aktifitas terbaik dari sepuluh metabolit sekunder yang diketahui, namun aktifitas afrodisiak senyawa piperin ini masih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan senyawa sildenafil.
Erectile dysfunction is one of the most common sexual problems in men. Drugs available on the market can be used to treat this problem, but the use of these drugs often causes unwanted side effects. The use of natural ingredients as an alternative treatment is increasingly popular, one of which is a herb made from chili jamu (Piper retrofractum Vahl). Metabolite profiling of the chili jamu plant turns out to be different depending on the location of growth. It is thought to result in differences in natural conditions and circumstances which result in differences in aphrodisiac activity. Cabe Jawa was extracted with 96% ethanol and analyzed using LC/MS. Ten secondary metabolites were detected namely Salsolinol, Quercetin, Caffeoyl putrescin, Diferuloyl putrescine, Feruloyl tyramine, Hydroxychloroquine, Tetrahydropapaveroline, Piperine, N-Oleyl-Leucine, and Capsaicin. In silico test was done using sildenafil as a control in the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor and PDB ID 2H42 as protein. From the results of in silico tests, it was known that piperine had activity as a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with binding energy and inhibition constant values of -8.62 kcal/mol and 0.485 uM
Pelekatan Nama Uray Dalam Hukum Adat Melayu Di Kesultanan Sambas
Get PDFstatus, and a person's contribution to society and government. In the Sambas Sultanate, derived names were automatically attached to someone who was a descendant of the Sultanate's family. One of the names known in the Sambas Sultanate and the Malay indigenous community is "Uray". However, this honorary name could later be changed to "Raden" with an appointment from the Palace. This can clearly lead to changes in the social hierarchy and a person's status in society. Through a literature study related to the attachment of honorary names known in the Malay tribal community in the Sambas Sultanate. This paper aims to (i) find out how someone gets the honorary name Uray in the Malay traditional community; (ii) the causal factors that enable a person to change his honorary name from Uray to Raden; and (iii) are there any consequences that the person will receive due to the change of name. The author uses an empirical legal writing method that is descriptive exploratory in nature. The results of the writing are (i) the honorary names Uray and Raden were obtained through lineage relationships; (ii) factors that cause changes in the name of honor that a person has are marital relations and direct appointment from the Palace by the Sultan; and (iii) someone who has changed his honorary name through a traditional ceremony will have new responsibilities that make him someone who plays an important role in society. One of them is being a role model in terms of cultural preservation
Strengthening Corporate Crime Prevention In The Digital Economy In ASEAN
Get PDFEconomic growth and development in the digital era have presented new challenges in structuring business between countries, especially countries in ASEAN. Relations and cooperation between corporations are no longer limited to being within the scope of one country but across countries. Such conditions certainly produce new threats. In addition to the positive impact on corporations by presenting wider markets and development opportunities in ASEAN countries, economic developments in the digital era are also accompanied by negative impacts. This can be seen from the opportunity to commit transnational corporate crimes, such as corruption, and market abuse by conducting covert monopolies and creating an unhealthy economic climate for market growth by presenting unfair competition between capital owners. Such a situation will certainly damage the spirit of solidarity presented by ASEAN when initiating the MEA. Therefore, it is necessary to have an integrated system between countries in ASEAN that covers cooperation between corporations in preventing corporate crime in the era of the digital economy. Furthermore, the government and society can find out every beneficial ownership behind each of corporate crime. This integrated system will help economic actors, communities, and governments to map out the dangers and opportunities that cooperation between corporations in ASEAN countries can provide. A healthy economic climate can be created by presenting a system acceptable to all parties (government, corporate, and society). This research is focus on enhancing measures to prevent corporate crime within the digital economy across ASEAN countries
Potensi Terapi Fitokanabinoid Mayor dalam Pengobatan Cedera Otak Traumatik: sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Farmakologis
Get PDFAbstract—Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health issue that leads to long-term neurological deficits, including cognitive, motor, and mood disorders. Current TBI treatments primarily focus on symptom management, while neuroprotective therapies remain in the exploratory stage. One promising approach is the use of Cannabis sativa L., which contains phytocannabinoids, compounds with potential neuroprotective effects. Preclinical studies have shown that the major phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), may have neuroprotective effects in TBI through mechanisms such as reducing excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. These major phytocannabinoids are known to influence cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2), which play roles in modulating inflammatory processes, reducing neuronal damage, improving motor and cognitive functions, and regulating recovery mechanisms in the blood-brain barrier and intracranial lymphatics. This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of major phytocannabinoids in TBI treatment by highlighting the pathophysiological mechanisms of TBI and the neuroprotective effects of these compounds. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms of action of phytocannabinoids may pave the way for the development of phytocannabinoid-based therapies for TBI in the future.
Keywords: traumatic brain injury, neuroprotection, cannabis sativa l., major phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol
Abstrak—Cedera otak traumatik (COT) merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang menyebabkan defisit neurologis jangka panjang, termasuk gangguan kognitif, motorik, dan suasana hati. Pengobatan COT saat ini lebih difokuskan pada manajemen gejala, sementara pengobatan yang bersifat neuroprotektif masih dalam tahap eksplorasi. Salah satu pendekatan yang menjanjikan adalah penggunaan tanaman Cannabis sativa L. yang mengandung fitokanabinoid, senyawa yang memiliki potensi neuroprotektif. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur. Hasil kajian penelitian preklinik menunjukkan bahwa fitokanabinoid mayor yaitu kanabidiol (KBD) dan tetrahidrokanabinol (THC) dapat memberikan efek neuroprotektif pada COT melalui mekanisme pengurangan eksitotoksisitas, neuroinflamasi, dan stres oksidatif. Senyawa fitokanabinoid mayor diketahui mempengaruhi reseptor kanabinoid (RKB1 dan RKB2), yang berperan dalam modulasi proses inflamasi, pengurangan kerusakan neuron dan dapat memperbaiki fungsi motorik dan kognitif, serta mengatur mekanisme pemulihan pada sawar darah-otak dan limfatik intrakranial. Hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa tanaman Cannabis sativa L. yang mengandung fitokanabinoid mayor memiliki potensi dalam pengobatan COT. Pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang mekanisme kerja fitokanabinoid dapat membuka jalan bagi pengembangan terapi berbasis fitokanabinoid untuk COT di masa depan.
Kata kunci: cedera otak traumatis, neuroproteksi, cannabis sativa l., fitokanabinoid mayor, kanabidiol, tetrahidrokanabino
The Role of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction and Work Motivation
Get PDFPurpose: This study analyzes the relationship between organizational culture and employee performance. The research also aims to evaluate the roles of job satisfaction and work motivation as mediating variables in the relationship between organizational culture and employee performance.
Method: This research adopts a quantitative-explanatory approach with 155 respondents. SEM-PLS was used in this research to examine each variable's relationship and analysis using art-PLS 4.
Result: The results indicate that Organizational Culture positively and significantly influences Job Satisfaction, Work Motivation, and Employee Performance. Furthermore, Job Satisfaction and Work Motivation also positively and significantly impact Employee Performance. Mediation analysis reveals that Job Satisfaction and Work Motivation partially mediate between Organizational Culture and Employee Performance
Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun dan Batang Etlingera comosa Endemik Sulawesi Tengah Menggunakan Metode ABTS
Get PDFEtlingera comosa adalah jenis tanaman yang unik dan baru ditemukan, berasal dari Tentena, Sulawesi Tengah. Meskipun diyakini bahwa genus Etlingera ini mengandung senyawa antioksidan, belum ada penelitian yang mendalam mengenai spesies Etlingera comosa. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol daun dan batang tanaman Etlingera comosa, serta mengidentifikasi aktivitas antioksidan yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol daun dan batang Etlingera comosa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ABTS (2,2-azinobis 3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonat) untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun dan batang Etlingera comosa. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol tanaman Etlingera comosa pada bagian daun positif mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid dan tanin. Sedangkan bagian batang positif mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan flavonoid, alkaloid, dan tanin. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol tanaman Etlingera comosa berdasarkan nilai IC50 bagian daun sebesar 11,75 μg/ml sedangkan bagian batang sebesar 83,11 μg/ml. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun dan batang Etlingera comosa mempunyai senyawa antioksidan serta memiliki aktivitas antioksidan.
Etlingera comosa is a unique and newly discovered plant species endemic to Tentena, Central Sulawesi. Although the Etlingera genus is believed to contain antioxidant compounds, there has been no thorough research on the specific species Etlingera comosa. This study aims to investigate thephytochemical content of the ethanol extract from the leaves and stems of Etlingera comosa, as well as to evaluate its antioxidant activity. The research utilized the ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) method with UV-Vis spectroscopy, measuring at a wavelength of 751 nm to assess the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract. The findings indicated that the ethanol extract from the leaves of Etlingera comosa tested positive for secondary metabolite compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids/steroids, and tannins. In contrast, the stems showed positive results for flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. The antioxidant activity was quantified using the IC50 value, 11.75 μg/ml for the leaf extract and 83.11 μg/ml for the stem extract. These results demonstrate that the ethanol extracts of both the leaves and stems of Etlingera comosa contain antioxidant compounds and exhibit antioxidant activity.
Submitted: 09-09-2024, Revised: 26-11-2024, Accepted: 29-11-2024, Published regularly: December 202
Peran Induksi Emosi Terhadap Pembelian Cryptocurrency Pada Mahasiswa
Get PDFAbstract-Technology that is developing rapidly is evidenced by the presence of cryptocurrency investment. Rational and analytical decision−making is required in investing. There are two emotions that affect individuals in making decisions, namely the emotions felt at the time and the emotions that arise as a result of decision making. Humans have 2 dominant emotions, namely happy and sad emotions. Thus, this study aims to examine and explain the role of emotional induction on cryptocurrency purchases among college students. This study used an experimental method, by comparing 2 treatments. The participants of this study consisted of 30 people, who were then divided into 2 groups (happy and sad groups). The group will then be given emotional induction in the form of a video according to the division of the group. The results showed that there was no difference between the induction of positive and negative emotions on cryptocurrency investment decision making ( ꭓ2 = 0.114, p > 0,05). This happens, because the individual has a 3rd thinking system which inhibits the individual from thinking irrationally. So as to make individuals to get the highest utility in decision making and get a sense of happiness. Thus, decision−making for investors, especially novice investors, is very important. Especially the metacognition ability that exists in every human being to control individual decision making. Investment is growing and becoming modern
Keywords: emotional state, purchase decision making, experiment, novice stock investors
Abstrak—Teknologi yang berkembang dengan pesat dibuktikan dengan hadirnya investasi cryptocurrency. Pengambilan keputusan yang rasional dan analitis diperlukan dalam melakukan investasi. Terdapat dua emosi yang mempengaruhi individu dalam pengambilan keputusan, yaitu emosi yang dirasakan saat itu dan emosi yang muncul akibat pengambilan keputusan. Manusia memiliki 2 emosi yang dominan, yaitu emosi bahagia dan sedih. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menjelaskan peran induksi emosi terhadap pembelian cryptocurrency pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan membandingan 2 perlakuan. Partisipan penelitian ini terdiri atas 30 orang, yang kemudian terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok (kelompok bahagia dan sedih). Kelompok kemudian akan diberikan induksi emosi berupa video sesuai dengan pembagian kelompoknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada beda antara induksi emosi positif dan negatif terhadap pengambilan keputusan investasi cryptocurrency ( ꭓ2 = 0.114, p > 0,05). Hal ini terjadi, karena individu memiliki sistem berpikir ke−3 yang menghambat individu untuk berpikir secara irasional. Sehingga membuat individu untuk mendapatkan utilitas tertinggi dalam pengambilan keputusan dan mendapatkan rasa bahagia. Sehingga, pengambilan keputusan untuk investor, terutama investor pemula adalah hal yang sangat penting. Terutama kemampuan metakognisi yang ada di setiap manusia untuk mengontrol pengambilan keputusan individu.
Kata kunci: kondisi emosional, pengambilan keputusan pembelian, eksperimen, investor crypto pemul
The Effect of Sustainability Reports on FirmValue with Institutional Ownership as a Moderating Variable
Get PDFPurpose: This research wants to enrich research that studies the effect of sustainability reporting on company performance, which is still inconsistent. In addition, this study considers the supervisory mechanism factor in the form of institutional ownership to determine whether the effect of sustainability reporting on company performance is different in companies with high institutional ownership and companies with low institutional ownership.
Method: The study utilized purposive sampling to select companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that consistently published both sustainability and financial reports from 2017 to 2020, resulting in a sample of 39 companies. For hypothesis testing, the research employed the STATA 17 software, followed by methods such as descriptive analysis, panel data regression analysis, determination of coefficients, and tests for both simultaneous and partial significance.
Result: Sustainability reporting positively influences firm value. This study found that institutional ownership moderates the effect of sustainability reporting on firm value. Future research should focus on examining companies within similar sectors to yield more reliable results concerning how sustainability reports affect firm value, considering the specific characteristics of companies across different industry
The relationship between peer social support and self-regulated learning in Samarinda Ulu state junior high school students
Get PDFPurpose: The capacity for self-regulated learning (SRL) assumes a pivotal role among state junior high school students (SMPN), necessitating autonomy in learning endeavors due to the evolving nature of educational processes. Social contextual factors, especially peer social support (PSS), exert significant influence on the manifestation of self-regulated learning. This study aims to elucidate the association between peer social support and self-regulated learning among students of state junior high schools in Samarinda Ulu.
Method: Employing quantitative correlational research methodology. Random sampling techniques were employed, with sample sizes adjusted to ensure representation across schools, resulting in a cohort of 347 participants from seven state junior high schools within the Samarinda Ulu sub-district. Research instruments included the Peer Support Questionnaire scale and measures of self-regulated learning. Statistical analysis, using the Pearson Product Moment test aided by the Jamovi application.
Result: Revealed a significant correlation with a p-value of 0.001 < 0.05 and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.399, This shows that the hypothesis in this study is proven, showing that there is a relationship between PSS and SRL. This value shows a positive number, which means there is a positive but relatively low relationship between the SRL variable and the PSS variable. The meaning can be interpreted as if the higher the PSS, the SRL possessed by students will also be classified as high. Then conversely, if the PSS level obtained is lower, then the SRL possessed by students will also be classified as low.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the Pearson product moment correlation test, ap value of 0.001 <0.05 and an r value = 0.399 was obtained, which means that the working hypothesis (Ha) in this study was accepted, namely that there is a significant relationship between peer social support and self-regulated learning, the nature of the correlation is positive, which means that an increase in the score on the peer support variable will cause an increase in the SLR score. However, the magnitude of the correlation is relatively low, where the variance in peer social support that can explain the SLR variance is 15.92%