Wukari International Studies Journal
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BEYOND ONE PARTY STATE DOMINANCE: A REVIEW OF RECURRENT ISSUES IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC
Get PDFThis study investigates the recurring concerns connected with party dominance in Nigeria's Fourth Republic, focusing on the obstacles given by the de facto two-party system dominated by the People's Democratic Party (PDP) and the All-Progressives Congress (APC). While Nigeria restored multiparty democracy in the 1990s, genuine democratic consolidation has been hampered by entrenched power dynamics, patronage networks, and a lack of political variety. The PDP's long-standing dominance from 1999 to 2015, followed by the APC's rise, has created a political environment that marginalizes minor parties and inhibits true political competition. This research also looks into the impact of internal party democracy, ethnic and regional politics, political defections, and the widespread influence of political godfathers on Nigeria's political landscape. Recent events, notably the rise of the Labour Party (LP) in the 2023 elections, indicate a probable shift in political dynamics, as urban and young voters increasingly prioritize governance and policy problems over ethnic and regional loyalty. The findings show that voters are more aware of the relevance of programmatic socioeconomic issues, implying that Nigeria's democratic norms are maturing. However, the persistent issues of weak opposition, limited political competition, and entrenched corruption create serious worries about the survival of democracy in the Fourth Republic. This study adds to our knowledge of Nigeria's political trajectory by emphasizing the need for election changes to build a more inclusive and competitive political scene
THE POLITICS OF INSECURITY REPORTAGE IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
Get PDFNigeria is faced with different challenges that nearly comatose the security architecture of the country. In the geopolitical North, it started as mere conflict over access to land largely involving herders and farmers. It metamorphosed to gangsterism that was restricted to cattle rustling. The challenge has now snowballed into full-pledged entrepreneurial terrorism where the actors amass wealth through kidnapping, banditry, and other forms of criminal activities. Nowadays, no one is guaranteed of his safety in Nigeria, North in particular. With the use of the Political Economy of Communication, Framing, Social Responsibility, and Agenda Setting Theories, the paper reviewed relevant literature and established how Nigerian media used their organisations to report the phenomenon of insecurity both for and against the country’s national interest.The study found that many media outlets, both new and conventional, have over the years engaged inan unethical practice that both exacerbates security challenges as well as threatens Nigeria’s corporate existence. It is based on the foregoing that this paper analyses the politics – issues of religion, market, ideology, ethnicity, regionalism, and ownership - that shrouded the coverage of security challenges and the role being played by journalists in fueling or taming the security challenges in Nigeria.This is the major contribution of the paper to the existing literature, as it brought to the fore the character of the media in its reportage of insecurity in Nigeria, and this makes this research unique. Documented literature and participant observationmethods form the basis upon which the paper was constructed. The coverage of insecurity must be married with patriotism to safeguard the sovereignty and corporate existence of Nigeria. It is therefore instructive for Nigerian media to always report insecurity and conflict from a nationalistic perspective, which entails restraint in language use, framing of stories to promote national interest as well as de-escalation of tension
A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF CIVILIAN CONTROL OF THE NIGERIAN MILITARY UNDER DEMOCRATIC DISPENSATIONS
Get PDFA central question in civil-military relations literature is on how civilian control of the military takes place in a State. In this respect, the challenge in instituting such control exists in a country that has at different times experienced both military and civilian governments. Since independence, Nigeria has so far witnessed three civilian dispensations- the First, Second and On-going Fourth Republics. In these periods, the military was under the control of civilian-led parliamentary and presidential democracies. This paper conceptualises the nature of civilian control of the military in these dispensations by assessing the frameworks, challenges and outcomes. Using liberal-democratic prescriptions that define civilian control as conceptual framework, it employs the historical, constitutional, structural and institutional approaches as analytical tools. The paper argues that despite the existence of constitutional provisions, structural weaknesses inherent in democratic institutions of these dispensations have affected the nature, basis and outcomes of civilian control of the military
WORK CONDITIONS AND EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE OF TITO YOGURT COMPANY LIMITED MAKURDI BENUE STATE NIGERIA
Get PDFThe study examined the Effect of work condition on employees’ performance of Tito yogurt company limited Makurdi Benue State Nigeria. The study specifically sought to establish the effect of work life balance, workload, and safety standards on employees’ performance in Tito yogurt company limited Makurdi Benue State Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted and self-administered questionnaire was used as instrument of data collection for the study. The target population was 212 employees of Tito yogurt company limited Makurdi Benue State Nigeria and a sample of 139 was arrived at using Taro Yamana formula. The findings revealed that there is a positive significant effect of work life balance on employees’ performance of Tito yogurt company limited Makurdi Benue State Nigeria. The result also showed a positive significant effect of workload on employees’ performance of Tito yogurt company limited Makurdi Benue State Nigeria. Lastly, findings revealed a positive relationship between safety standards on employees’ performance in Tito yogurt company limited Makurdi Benue State Nigeria. The study recommended amongst others that management of Tito yogurt company limited Makurdi Benue State Nigeria should strike a balance between work and personal life for employee well-being to make employees think outside the box and contribute new ideas when they feel encouraged and valued
EBOLA AND COVID-19 EPIDEMICS: A DISCOURSE ON NIGERIA’S FOREIGN POLICY RESPONSES
Get PDFDiseases or epidemics does not respect international boundaries. Given this obvious fact, sovereign states are thus impelled to seek collective ways of addressing them and foreign policy is the crucial element in this endeavour. Nigeria, among other nation-states experienced Ebola and Covid-19 pandemics. How Nigeria responded to these epidemics was the focus of the study. The study employed historical and descriptive research method and obtained data from secondary source particularly website of world Health Organization, Nigeria’s Ministry of Health and other scholarly journals. This paper adopts complex interdependence and prospect theories as the framework of analysis. From the analysis the study revealed foreign policy measures adopted. These include setting up of screening and monitoring Centre at the nation’s Airports, facilitated the setting up of a regional solidarity fund, in which countries made contributions, initiated actions that adjudged Ebola epidemic as not only national and regional but also international emergency, donated huge sum to worst affected states like Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. For COVID -19, In the case of Covid-19, Nigeria collaborated with major powers. More than sixty inter agency members from the US mission worked with Nigerian counterpart to address the epidemic challenges in Nigeria. Its attracted $125 million, and more than 4 million doses of covid vaccine, 200 ventilators, personal protective equipment, and collaborated with the US to provide rapid response team. And training of over 200,000 military and civilian personnel on covid-19 control measures and technology transfer for virtual training. Based on the findings, the study recommends among others proper articulation and projection of health issues in the nation’s foreign policy and strengthening interface of health and foreign policy with the support of world health organization to assist in time of global health crisis
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES: ANALYZING THE PROPINQUITY AND CONTRIBUTIONS
Get PDFPublic administration as a body of knowledge and subject of study continues to shift from a political science-dominated paradigm to an interdisciplinary mix of theoretical contributions from all social science fields. Therefore, understanding of the theories, concepts, and ideas of social science disciplines is very crucial to understanding the theory and practice of modern public administration. This paper examines the close propinquity between public administration and social science disciplines. In order to carry out this work, data were obtained largely from secondary sources from books, articles journals, Nigerian constitution, published and unpublished materials available as well as internet sources and it was analysed through discourse analyses from different perspectives of disciplinary evolution, development, scope, boundary, research, theory and practice, interrelationship among social sciences, It has been discovered inter-alia that the study and practice of public administration has been significantly influenced and shaped by various social science disciplines like political science, law, sociology, psychology, economics as it incorporates various ideas, concepts and principles in terms of policy formulation, implementation, evaluation as well as general human resource management. The paper recommends that in view of the increasing concern for effectiveness and efficiency in the act of administration, good understanding of the various social science disciplines is very desideratum for administrators especially with expanding demand for public policy reforms related to satisfaction of needs and aspiration of the people. Public administrators should be more proactive pursuit of innovation and breakthroughs in formulation and implementation of policies and programmes for the public interest
IMPACT OF HYGIENE BATHING AND BREASTFEEDING OF LACTATING MOTHERS ON INFANT MORTALITY IN KATSINA STATE
Get PDFThe study examines the influence of cultural practices in terms of attitudes that feeding mothers exhibit towards infant breastfeeding, and infant bathing (general hygiene) on infant mortality in Katsina State. It makes use of a descriptive research design which makes it possible for the collection of data from the selected samples (384) of the population that constitute women of bearing age, medical doctors, nurses and traditional birth attendants. The needed data to address the research questions was collected by making use of copies of questionnaire and structured interview. A multi-samplinig technique was applied in selecting the samples for the study, and the findings indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between hygiene bathing and the attitude of lactating mothers towards breastfeeding their children especially at early hours of delivery on one hand, and level of infant mortality in the study area. It is, therefore, recommended among others that campaigns for infant breastfeeding awareness need to be intensified. This will educate women to understand the dangers associated with delay, denial, and importance offrequent breast feeding of infant at regular interval
“FREQUENT FARMERS AND FULANI-HERDSMEN CLASH IN EDO NORTH SENATORIAL DISTRICT”
Get PDFThe Fulani by nature are nomadic pastoralist people, in the past the pastoralist nomadic often come into clashes with the farmers as a result of search for natural resources like land, water and gasing land for the survival of their cattle from their original home to other parts of the country. The focus is to critically examine the Farmers and Fulani-herdsmen clashes in Edo North Senatorial District, which are structural and procession factors to causes the Farmer and Fulani-herdsmen conflict in Edo North of the State. This research work will use primary and secondary sources to explain the major causes of frequent clashes between the Farmers and Fulani-herdsmen in Edo North Senatorial District, like poverty/unemployment, poor infrastructural development, climate change, migration and population growth struggle for natural resources and land dispute. This study investigated the major factors responsible for Famers and Fulani-herdsmen clashes in Edo North Senatorial District of Edo State. Violent clashes between Farmers and Fulani-herdsmen have for a long period been the struggle foe economic livelihood in the country with consequences. As a result of climate change and migration by the Fulani-herdsmen from the Northern part of the country to the Southern part in search for water, land and gasing land, which often resulted in destruction of farm land, farm produce, loss of life of farmers and food shortage. This research contribution to knowledge is on the importance of the activities of local vigilante, youth groups and community rulers in security management The Government should encourage them to build more on peace, growth and development in Edo North Senatorial District of Edo Stat for safety purpose
ARE THE MEDIA SERVING BOKO HARAM TERRORIST ACTIVITIES IN NIGERIA?
Get PDFThis study investigates the intricate relationship between media, terrorism, and the Boko Haram sect in Nigeria. It specifically, analyses the unintentional facilitation of terrorism via media reportage in Nigeria with special focus on the Boko Haram sect. The complex dynamics between media portrayal, terrorist activities, and the broader socio-political landscape in the context of Boko Haram provides the backdrop for this investigation. Through a nuanced exploration and analysis of data collected from secondary sources guided by framing theory of communication studies, the study aims to shed light on the multifaceted interplay of media narratives, terrorism, and counterterrorism efforts, offering insights into the role of the media in shaping public perceptions and responses to the Boko Haram insurgency. The study recommended responsible journalism and fact-checking towards striking a balance between media roles and Boko Haram’s tactics
POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMMES AND THE PREVAILING CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA: AN ASSESSMENT
Get PDFStrategic planning and implementation of well thought out policies is critical for the enthronement of good governance which brings about sustainable development in any country. However, available data shows that poverty is steadily on the rise in Nigeria, despite the country’s effort in the implementation of diverse poverty alleviation programmes. Thus, such a worrisome trajectory appears to be linked to so many factors such as corruption, debt burden, rising rate of unemployment especially among youths, overdependence on oil, lack of political will to address poverty, ethno-religious conflicts among others. It argued that efforts to alleviate poverty through poverty alleviation programmes will remain an exercise in futility without first addressing fundamental, societal hiccups like corruption, economic inequality and ethno-religious conflicts. Methodologically, this study adopted documentary method while relying on content qualitative content analysis to analyze data gathered. The study likewise utilized abstractions from the theory of post-colonial state which served as its theoretical framework of analysis. Findings showed that unless selfless and responsible political leadership is entrenched in Nigeria, which would lead to tackling fundamental problems associated with income inequality, corruption, political instability and other related vices in the Nigerian society, the fight against poverty may remain unresolved and the search for sustainable development will continue to be a mirage. The study therefore, recommended among others that the government should first address societal hiccups to the success of poverty alleviation programmes, such as economic inequality, ethno-religious conflicts and corruption. This will engender a fair and favourable playground for the poverty alleviation progrmames to thrive and be successful