Wukari International Studies Journal
Not a member yet
690 research outputs found
Sort by
CONFLICTS AND SECURITY INTERVENTION IN ARMED CONFLICT IN BENUE STATE
Get PDFThe armed conflict phenomenon in Benue State is widely recognized and constantly discussed in the local and international community as a major source of concern bedevilling national security and an existential threat to the indigenous population, even though the governments at all levels had adopted numerous measures considered as strategically important to bring the situation to an end. Among these efforts is the deployment of security agencies to coordinate themselves in a manner that could produce a joint force operation to end the conflict and restore peace and stability. Nevertheless, the outcome from the security intervention is coloured with mixed reports of success and many challenges that surpassed the success achieved. From the litany of extant literature reviewed, it is evident that the security agencies recorded commendable success in tackling the perpetrators of the armed conflict. Yet, much is left to be desired due to the fact that the armed conflict situation is progressively worsening even with the continued presence of the military and other security agencies in Benue State. The security agencies have been found to fail, according to studies. As a result, the future of restoration of peace and stability remains bleak and worrisome. The research recommend that Government should be more proactive in the implementation and provision of infrastructure designed for farmers and herders’ resource use to avoid a situation where these incessant upheavals would affect agricultural production and food security of the nation. The research used secondary data. Frustration aggression and system theories were used
IMPACT OF HOUSING QUALITY ON THE HEALTH STATUS OF RESIDENTS OF ONA-ARA LOCAL GOVERNMENT OYO STATE: APPLICATION OF BODY MASS INDEX
Get PDFThis study examined the impact of housing quality on the health status of residents of Ona-Ara Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the concepts of healthy housing while data were sourced primarily and secondarily. A multi stage procedure was adopted in which the two housing schemes in Ona-Ara were purposively selected. Consequently, 150 houses constituting 50% of 300 houses enumerated were picked for the study. Thereafter, questionnaire containing the social structural characteristics, hosing condition and the relationship between housing condition and the health status were administered to the residents in the study area. Data were analysed using correlation, while health status was measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI). The study revealed, residents in Ogbere housing estate exhibited higher rates of overweight BMI. There was a significant association between housing quality and health status (r). There was a health risk associated with substandard housing. Therefore, raising awareness, adherence to sanitation laws, promoting healthy lifestyles are recommended
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ARE CREATED BY STATES TO FURTHER INTEREST BUT THEY HAVE NOW ASSUMED AUTHORITY INDEPENDENT OF THE STATES THAT CREATED THEM: THE ANALYSIS OF PROS AND CONS
Get PDFInternational organizations (IOs) are established by sovereign states to promote cooperation, address global challenges, and advance shared interests. However, over time, many IOs have evolved beyond their original mandates, exercising authority independent of their member states. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of this phenomenon. On the positive side, IOs facilitate global governance by setting norms, resolving disputes, and addressing transnational issues such as climate change, security, and human rights. Their independence allows them to act impartially, free from national interests, fostering long-term stability and cooperation. IOs also provide expertise, technical assistance, and funding to weaker states, promoting development and international peace. Conversely, the increasing autonomy of IOs raises concerns about accountability and democratic legitimacy. States may find themselves bound by decisions that conflict with national interests or policies, leading to tensions between sovereignty and global governance. Bureaucratic inefficiencies, political biases, and unequal power distribution within IOs further complicate their effectiveness. Some critics argue that IOs can be influenced by powerful states or private actors, undermining their neutrality. This paper concludes that while IOs serve as essential mechanisms for international cooperation, their authority must be balanced with accountability and responsiveness to the states that created them. Strengthening oversight, improving transparency, and ensuring equitable participation can help mitigate the downsides of their independence while preserving their role in global governance. Understanding the evolving nature of IOs is crucial for ensuring that they continue to serve the collective interests of the international community
INTERROGATING THE IMPACT OF FARMERS-HERDER CONFLICTS ON THE LIVELIHOODS OF FARMERS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFFarmers-herder conflicts in Kaduna State, Nigeria, have emerged as a pressing and multifaceted issue, inflicting severe consequences on the livelihoods of the farming communities within the State. The objective of the study is to interrogate the impact of farmers-herder conflicts on the livelihood of farmers in Kaduna state of Nigeria. The study was based on Marxist political economy theory. The study adopted a qualitative method and employed phenomenological approach using primary and secondary data to explain Farmers-herder conflicts in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Key Informant Interviews (KII) were used for data collection, KIIs were conducted with ten (10) stakeholders. The collated data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study reveal a complex interplay of factors contributing to the emergence and persistence of farmers-herder conflicts in Kaduna State. It also shows that the findings of the study underscore the profound economic impact of farmers-herder conflicts on farming communities in Kaduna State as farmers have experienced significant economic losses stemming from crop destruction, livestock theft, and property damage during clashes with herders. The study therefore recommends that Nigeria government should as a matter of urgency ensure that law enforcement measures are implemented with sensitivity to the underlying causes of conflicts, avoiding actions that may exacerbate tensions and mistrust between communities by supporting community-based peace committees composed of representatives from farming and herding communities to promote understanding, collaboration, and localized conflict resolution efforts
DRUG ABUSE AMONG YOUTHS IN RIVERS STATE, 2015-2020
Get PDFThis study examines the effects of drug abuse in Rivers State 2015-2020, with a focus on the link between drugs and youths. The study reveals that drug abuse is a significant problem in Rivers State, which causes a major risk behaviour with physical and mental health complications, with various factors contributing to its prevalence. The journal discusses the framework for controlling drug abuse, institutional frameworks, types of drugs abused, factors responsible for drug abuse and drug trafficking, the impact of drug abuse on individuals, families, and society, the responses to drug abuse in Rivers State by government, NGOs, Community organizations and educational programs and prevention strategies. The study also highlights challenges in controlling drug abuse. This study discovered that the problem is as a result of a lot of factors which has roots in the family, society and the institutions of learning. The study utilized historical research methodology in obtaining data from oral and written sources, especially from medical practitioners and social workers responsible for patients with psychiatric challenges, this also required the application of a multidisciplinary approach to arriving at the expected conclusion. The utilization of the agency of social theories in providing insight into this endemic social problem which transcends national and regional borders became necessary. The study concludes that the failure of the social and political structures of the state have created a lacuna that is consuming the vital energy of our youthful population into this cesspit of drug use and abuse
RELIGION, INSECURITY AND SOCIAL COHESION
Get PDFNigeria is one of the fastest growing economies in West Africa. It is also a home to multitude of ethnic groups, religions and cultural affiliations. However, the country has been experimented with several political formations with mixed results ranging from raising insecurity and disruption in social cohesion. The recent transformation into a federal state has put religion, ethnicity and the nature of the federal state into direct confrontation with each other. Like many developing countries. Nigeria faces the major challenges in managing diversity of religion. ethnicity and social cohesion. The study adopted multidisciplinary research approach. Available literatures reviewed indicated that recent events show a rising tension between various ethnic groups, and various religion organizations in Nigeria. The raising level of conflicts between Islam and Christianity which are the major religious affiliation of most Nigerians has affected greatly the nature of security and social cohesion existing in the nation prior the inception of religion in Nigeria. Therefore, this paper explores the role of religion in addressing the raising reports of insecurity and disruption of social cohesion in Nigeria as a prerequisite to development of Nigeria. The article argues that social cohesion can only be enhanced and deeply promoted through collaborative efforts of all religions and through engagement with federal and state authorities in finding a common grounds for various religious organizations in Nigeria
NIGERIA'S FOREIGN POLICY AND TRANSBORDER CRIME: AN OVERIEW
Get PDFTransnational crime affects countries' internal security and foreign policy in many ways. This study examines Nigeria's foreign policy and transborder crime's considerable impact. West African nation Nigeria faces drug, human, gun, and cybercrime. These criminal operations threaten the nation's security, diplomatic relations, and global reputation. Nigeria's foreign policy has emphasised non-interference, regional collaboration, and international law. However, rising transborder crime has forced Nigeria to change its policies and become more proactive and collaborative internationally. Multifaceted links exist between transborder crime and foreign policy. First, transborder crime in Nigeria affects its economy and international relations. Diplomatic efforts aim to foster economic growth and regional stability. Transborder crime in Nigeria threatens human security, especially owing to human trafficking and illegal migration. The nation's foreign policy has stressed engagement with international institutions and neighbouring nations to address these acts' root causes. Cross-border crime and terrorism further complicate Nigeria's foreign policy. The dissemination of weaponry by criminal trafficking networks boosts insurgent factions. Nigeria works with neighbours and friends to stop the spread of weapons and fight terrorism. These efforts suggest a stronger, more coordinated foreign policy approach to transnational security. Transborder crime considerably and diversely impacts Nigeria's foreign policy. Illegal actions necessitate a planned and flexible diplomatic strategy. Nigeria's response focuses on regional cooperation, economic growth, and security through bilateral and multilateral relations. While fighting transborder crime, the nation's foreign policy evolution shows its commitment to addressing transnational threats' complex issues
INSECURITY IN NIGERIA, CAUSES, CONSEQUENCE AND SOLUTIONS
Get PDFNigeria is facing high rates of crime; banditry has become a harsh reality in today’s Nigeria society. Hence, efforts of government have not yielded enough positive result. It is on this note that this study examines insecurity in Nigeria: causes, consequences and solutions. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to analyzed descriptive statistics such as Mean, standard deviation and rankings were used to determine the relationship between variables. Findings revealed that poverty, unemployment and illiteracy are the major causes of insecurity in Nigeria especially in the north east and south east of Nigeria. This was revealed with mean score of 4.26, 4.24 and 4.31 and standard deviation of 0.83, 0.82 and 0.87 respectively. In conclusion, eradication of poverty, provision of better job, free education at all levels will reduce insecurity to barest minimum. The study recommended that government should empower the youth with vocational training, free education, non interest loans should be given to artisans and allow the youth in politics
INFLUENCE OF SECURITY CHALLENGES ON STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION BILLIRI, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study is carried out on the impact of insecurity challenges on students’ academic performance in College of Education Billiri, of Gombe State. The survey design and simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population of the study are the 315 students of College of Education Billiri, of Gombe State, and a sample size of 152 students were randomly selected, a questionnaire (Impact of Security Challenges on Student Academic Performance in College of Education Billiri, of Gombe State) index (ISCSAP) was used as an instrument for data collection. Cronbach alpha correlation coefficient method is also used for the reliability. The researcher analyzed the responses by using mean statistics and standard deviation. Mean of 2.5 as acceptable, while below 2.5 will be rejected. The findings show law mean scores across all items indicates a widespread sense of insecurity and lack of confidence in the currents security measures, policies and personnel and the findings also indicate the security challenges in the college environment significantly affects aspects of student attendance and participation. The researchers conclude that the security challenges are not only disrupts the learning environment but also exacerbates stress and anxiety among students, further hindering their academic success. The major recommendations by the researchers are the management of the college are to invest in advanced and reliable security equipment, ensure the presence of adequately trained security personnel and implement comprehensive and effective security policies and procedures and establish counseling and psychological support services to help students manage stress and anxiety related to insecurity. Offer workshops and training sessions on coping mechanisms and resilience building
INTERNALLY GENERATED REVENUE (IGR) AND CORRUPTION IN NIGERIA: A FOCUS ON TAXES AND RATES
Get PDFThis study investigates the pervasive impact of corruption on Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) in Nigeria, focusing specifically on the collection and administration of taxes and property rates. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 162 respondents in Edo State, representing various demographics and socioeconomic backgrounds. The analysis reveals a significant negative correlation between corruption and tax collection efficiency, evidenced by a correlation coefficient of -0.65. The findings indicate that high levels of bribery, embezzlement, and misappropriation of funds among tax and revenue officials substantially hinder effective revenue generation, thereby limiting the financial resources available for public services and infrastructural development. Moreover, the study highlights that corruption not only constrains revenue collection but also erodes public trust in government institutions, leading to a diminished perception of the efficacy and reliability of public services. This erosion of trust has far-reaching implications for governance and accountability in Nigeria, as citizens become increasingly disillusioned with their government’s ability to manage resources effectively. To address these challenges, the study emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced transparency, robust accountability mechanisms, and the strengthening of institutional frameworks to combat corruption effectively. Policymakers are urged to implement reforms aimed at improving revenue administration and ensuring that collected taxes and rates are utilized for the public good. By contributing valuable insights to the existing literature on public finance management, this research serves as a critical resource for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to enhance revenue generation while curbing corrupt practices in Nigeria