Wukari International Studies Journal
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RETHINKING CLIMATE CHANGE AND NATIONAL SECURITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThe phenomenon of climate change is providing a melting point to the global community through its pervading and undeniable implications for life on planet earth. The overwhelming impact of this on human interface, no doubt raises concerns that cuts across creed, colour, religion, and regional calibrations. It is generally believed that change remains a constant in human affairs; and all creatures anticipate change in their negative and positive configurations. Climate change is the response of nature to the increasing intervention and interference of man in the natural ecosystem, leading to fluctuations in average global temperatures often described as global warming. The implications of this in the long run remains unpredictable but the effect of this in contemporary times is orchestrating outcomes that offers no heritage of good to all and sundry. This ranges from decreased precipitation to deforestation and desertification, the poleward shift of vegetation and its impact on animal populations, the unmitigated rise in sea levels among others. This study interrogates the concept of climate change in the light of national security with the commitment to underscore its implication for sustainable development in Nigeria. Historical materialism offered the theoretical framework for this investigation under the methodological philosophy of qualitative analysis as obtainable in social inquiry. The study unearthed the economic effects of climate change, and underscored the historical, structural and institutional factors that explains why third world countries are more susceptible to climate change. Such factors like poor and weak governance structures, endemic conflict, among others negatively exacerbate the challenge of climate change in these climes. It was on the basis of this that it interrogated the polemics of climate change to national security, and the unmitigated implications of this to sustainable development in Nigeria. It offered the blueprints on the way forward with a modest conclusion
FEDERALISM, INSECURITY, AND THE PERSISTENT AGITATIONS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC: ANY WAY FORWARD?
Get PDFThe paper examined rationales behind persistent agitations among ethnic groups in Nigerian federalism leading to various degrees of insecurity situations. Federalism have been largely accepted as the better form of government in a heterogeneous society such as Nigeria, however, the kind of federal system operating in Nigeria has created many problems because diverse ethnic and religious groups are unceremoniously brought together under one umbrella. The paper made used of qualitative approach and adopted group and frustration-aggression theories as its theoretical framework. Data were obtained through official publications, journals, textbooks, newspapers and reports. Findings revealed that the current pseudo-federal setup in Nigeria is indeed a major contributory factor to persistent ethnic agitations which have led to diverse insecurity cases in the fourth republic. Colonial policy and legacy further put Nigeria in a precarious position with ethnic groups suspecting one another, thus, making unity in diversity a herculean task. Also, the imperfections in the military bequeathed constitution which concentrated power on a particular tier of government and making resource control by the subordinating units difficult. The paper recommended among others a rejig of 1999 constitution to accommodate all ethnic groups and proper arrangement of political positions in the country. The need for dialoguing as a means of carrying ethnic groups (especially the minorities) along with a view of critically addressing issues that is germane to them. To ameliorate tensions that bring about agitations in Nigerian federalism, equality and justice in power and resource allocation among ethnic groups must be prioritised
THE ROLE OF UNITED NATIONS PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 1998-2024
Get PDFUnited Nations (UN) is authorised to sustain global peace and security. The UN aims to maintain this objective via many ways like through peace supports operations by sending personnel and experts to manage crisis conditions. The world organization has imbibed a number of strategies and techniques to enforce its peace supports operations. However, there has been many activities aiming on peace supports operation with nodal successful operations, but the UN still encounter problems with negative consequences on efficiency, effectiveness and success of its peace supports operations in Central African Republic. The main thrust of this work is to interrogate the pivotal activities of UN peace supports operations, their effect, and the main problems that marred their works and confront the UN peace supports operations in Central African Republic. This research is a departure from others in that it views the UN peace support role in CAR through the prism of Liberalism and documentary evidence. The period of the paper is also unique. This work uses the theory of liberalism as a tool of analysis and data were obtained from secondary sources like books, journals, newspapers, magazines, and internet materials. Documentary evidence was used as a data gathering technique. The work discovered that the UN peace supports operations achieved limited success in controlling conflictual conditions and inculcating peace in Central African Republic. Nevertheless, the administrative, military and humanitarian problems of the initiatives marred the peace support operations in Central African Republic thereby hindering them from having a total success. Drawing from this, the work encourages policy and institutional changes in conjunction with determination of parties, institutions, and other actors to collectively join hands together so as to strengthen peacekeeping operations and install a lasting peace in Central African Republic
CHRISTIAN RELIGION AND COUNSELLING FOR VALUE RE-ORIENTATION IN POLITICAL LEADERSHIP
Get PDFChristian religion by its nature inspires feelings of godliness, integrity, honesty. perseverance, goodness, rectitude, brotherly kindness, love, peace with God, and with others. This may be a powerful instrument for fostering honesty in our political leadership. Politics from every indication is the pursuit, possession, and exercise of power in a society as well as the ability to impact the society uprightly. There is always a meeting point between Christian religion and counseling for re-orientation in political leadership. Religion no doubt has been a strong determining factor when it comes to the issue of governance and policy formulation. Looking at Nigeria, for example, we have Christian religion as one of the dominant religions which affects political leadership and the effect could be positive or negative. Many studies have been undertaken on the relationship between Christian religion and counseling for value re-orientation in political leadership, however, the aspect of the direct effect of Christian religion on counseling for value re-orientation is somehow neglected. This neglect has prompted this study which is aimed at exploring the effect of Christian religion on counseling for value re-orientation in political leadership in Nigeria. The study relies mainly on data obtained from secondary sources such as publications of relevant agencies, newspapers, unpublished works, and internet materials. The data will be contextually analysed to provide insight in terms of effect of Christian religion on counseling for value re-orientation in political leadership in the country
QATAR 2022 FIFA WORLD CUP: MULTI-CULTURALISM OR CLASH OF CIVILIZATION
Get PDFThis paper examines FIFA World Cup 2022 in Qatar in order to ascertain whether the event will promote multiculturalism or lead to a clash of civilizations. Qatar is the host nation for the 2022 FIFA World Cup and is a relatively small, but wealthy nation located in the Middle East, and is home to a diverse array of ethnic and cultural groups. The paper will analyze the potential benefits Qatar may gain in hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup and how these benefits may lead to increased multiculturalism in the region. Additionally, the paper will examine the potential for the event to lead to a clash of civilizations, and the implications that could have. The Theory of Cultural Pluralism was adopted to serve as a theoretical base for this paper. The paper adopts qualitative analysis to serve as a method for data collection; it draws on a variety of research sources, including academic journals, news articles, and reports from international organizations. Overall, this paper assess Qatar’s motives for hosting the event, the potential for increased multiculturalism, the potential for a clash of civilizations, and the potential implications for human rights in the region
EFFECT OF SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUND ON DRUG ADDICTION AMONG PATIENTS IN KARU GENERAL HOSPITAL ABUJA
Get PDFThe rate of drug addiction has been increasing overtime and it could be traced to some social and economic issues. There is not much study on these issues in relation to drug addiction thus this study was designed to examine the effect of socioeconomic background on drug addiction among patients in Karu general hospital, Abuja. Nigeria. This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional survey research design with a sample size of 82 patients. Data was analyzed using simple percentage, mean and standard deviation score method with result of the data at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between social background and drug addiction (r= 0.407, P< 0.05), there was also a significant relationship between economic background and drug addiction (r= 0.489, P< 0.05). The study concludes that social background and economic background has effect on drug addiction. Some of the recommendations werecommunity members should participate and get involve in identifying drug abusers and the sellers of such drugs and report to appropriate authority for prompt action; government should work out policies and modalities that will improve the overall economic status of Nigerians and lastly parents should work harder to provide the basic needs of their families
ISSUES AND CAHALLENGES CONFRONTING STUDENT-MOTHERS ENROLLED FOR NCE PROGRAMME; CASE STUDY OF GOMBE STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, BILLIRI
Get PDFThe intertwining nature of academic is quite challenging and this is escalated with motherhood responsibilities. The academic community mainly focuses on success, development, and never-ending competition without providing necessary support. This study will investigate the issues and challenges confronting student-mothers in College of Education Billiri. It also aimed at identifying available support system for their inclusion in higher education and also provide proper solution to such challenges so as to support and encourage student-mothers enrolled in such programmed for the betterment of women in the college. The study will adopt a qualitative approach and use purposeful sampling techniques to select 22 student-mothers age 21-40 years, Drown from college of education Billiri. Data will be collected through focus group discussion and semi-structure interview. Data generated will be analyze using qualitative content analysis. Which include Personal and educational need experiences of student-mothers at both school and home settings. The length of the survey should be question that will cover personal, marital, parental and educational information. Quantic survey data is to be analyst thematically in order to arrive at a description of student-mothers’ educational needs and experience. Relatively this research will investigate inclusive education measures for the student-mothers in the college. The current paper aims to address this issue. The research will be of paramount important to stakeholders like: Student-mothers, lecturers, parents, husband, and government at large in providing support services such as childcare and counselling for mothers to ensure their academic success
UNVEILING THE ROOTS OF ENDURING COMMUNAL CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA: INDIGENE-SETTLER RIVALRY AND THE PATH FORWARD
Get PDFThe enduring conflict between indigenes and settlers in Nigeria has escalated over time, resulting in persistent and often violent communal disputes. These conflicts have inflicted significant harm, including widespread community devastation, loss of life, displacement of millions, and severe human rights violations, particularly impacting vulnerable populations like women and children. Despite governmental efforts to mitigate these conflicts, the fundamental issues remain largely unaddressed, with governance structures often struggling to manage the crises effectively and provide lasting solutions. This article examines the underlying factors contributing to intra/inter-communal conflicts arising from indigene and settler rivalries in Nigeria, utilizing the lens of elite theory. By comprehensively analyzing these factors, a deeper understanding of the intricate dynamics at play is gained, allowing for the identification of potential avenues for meaningful intervention. This study adopts qualitative research design to arrive at its conclusion, finding and recommendation. It is imperative to recognize that these conflicts are deeply entrenched in historical, social, economic, and political factors that have shaped Nigeria's societal landscape
IMPACTS OF INTERNAL PARTY DEMOCRACY ON PERFORMANCE OF ALL PROGRESSIVE CONGRESS IN THE 2023 GENERAL ELECTIONS IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study examined the impacts of internal party democracy on performance of All Progressive Congress (APC) in the 2023 general elections in Nigeria. The issue of advancing internal democracy especially as it concerns the selection of candidate within political parties in Nigeria has been a contentious topic. Promoting internal democracy in political parties has not only gained ground in modern day politics and governance but it is believed that such practices will encourage democratic culture generally. Thus, it is argued that political parties across the globe have adopted party primaries as a mechanism for selecting candidates for elections. The study adopted documentary method for data collection while relying on sequential qualitative analytic techniques. The study also utilized the group theory as it theoretical framework for analysis. This paper argues that it is becoming worrisome that All Progressive Congress find it difficult to conduct free and fair primary elections and this has continued to increase internal party crisis and threatens the very survival of political party system and the relevance of practicing democracy in Nigeria. Findings reveal that the adoption of different modes of primary election by APC for selection of candidates in different states in Nigeria appears to be an attempt to subvert the will of the people. The study concluded that it is uncommon for political parties to experience internal conflicts and disagreements, especially when there are diverse group interests and agenda among party members. The paper therefore, recommends among others that individuals should join political party based on shared ideology rather than personal ambition
WOMEN SELF-HELP GROUPS IN Community DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF CROSS RIVER STATE
Get PDFIn Cross River State today, rural poverty is rapidly in the increase. However, there are many ways to reduce poverty in rural communities in the State. Merely providing economic and social backingfor poor people in rural area, especially the women, has beenadjudged very useful in reducing poverty in rural communities.The Provision of necessarysupport or credit facility to the women helps to empower them, botheconomically and socially, as well as the entire community.Thiswork is therefore placed on this background to determineany association between Self-helpGroups (SHGs) and social and economic empowerment of people in the rural areas of the Senatorial District, and the rural women in particular, and to recommend appropriate waysto effectively improve the functioning of SHGs to improve the social andeconomic well-being of the people in rural area. On that note, the main data wascollected through field survey in the Local Government Areas in the Central Senatorial District oftheState. From the results and discussionsabout the achievementevaluation of rural womenSHGs and their role in the development of their communities, important findings of the study was illustrated