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FreeRTOS Implementierung auf einem SAMD21 zur Steuerung eines Fingermodels mittels EMG-Signal
Full text linkFür die Entwicklung echtzeitfähiger Systeme kann die Open-Source-Software FreeRTOS verwendet werden. Sie ermöglicht die Umsetzung von zeitbasierten Anforderungen in eingebetteten Systemen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde das Brick’N’Knowledge-Bio-Feedback-Set genutzt, welches ein Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Board verwendet. Das Set enthält elektrische Baukomponenten zur Aufnahme und Verarbeitung von Biosignalen. Das Ziel der Arbeit war die Implementierung von FreeRTOS auf dem SAMD21, sowie die Entwicklung eines Projekts, bei dem ein Fingermodel durch eine EMG-Messung gesteuert wird. Dabei wurden die Herausforderungen bei der Ressourcenverwaltung, der Synchronisierung von Tasks und der Einhaltung von Echtzeitanforderungen untersucht und analysiert
Enhancing the destructive egg quality assessment using the machine vision and feature extraction technique
No full textThe rapid growth of the food industry necessitates rigorous quality control, particularly in egg production. This study explores advanced methodologies for egg quality assessment by integrating the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and k-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) with machine vision techniques. While traditional destructive methods like measuring the Haugh unit (HU) offer direct insights, but render eggs unusable, non-destructive techniques, such as imaging and spectroscopy, allow continuous quality monitoring. Over a 20-day period, egg samples were evaluated using a digital camera to capture key parameters like the albumen and yolk heights. The study’s image processing involved noise reduction, feature extraction, and calibration. The PCA captured 90.18% of the data variability, while LDA achieved 100% classification accuracy, and KNN demonstrated 80% accuracy. These findings underscore the effectiveness of combining machine vision with statistical methods to enhance the egg grading accuracy, contributing to consumer safety and industry standards.PeerReviewe
Eine systematische Literaturrecherche zu Achtsamkeit und Adipositas : Auswirkung auf das Gewichtsmanagement
Full text linkHintergrund: Adipositas stellt weltweit eine erhebliche gesundheitliche Herausforderung dar. Neben zahlreichen körperlichen Begleiterkrankungen sind auch psychologische Faktoren wie Stress und das Essverhalten entscheidend für ein langfristiges Gewichtsmanagement. Achtsamkeitsinterventionen haben sich als vielversprechender Ansatz zur Selbstregulation und Stressbewältigung herausgestellt. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Auswirkung achtsamkeitsbasierter Ansätze in der Adipositastherapie.
Methodik: In der Datenbank PubMed wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche nach randomisierten kontrollierten Studien durchgeführt, die Achtsamkeitsinterventionen im Zusammenhang mit dem Gewichtsmanagement bei adipösen Probanden untersuchten. Die Auswahl erfolgte anhand vordefinierter Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien. Insgesamt wurden 61 potenzielle Studien gefunden und fünf Studien eingeschlossen.
Ergebnisse: Die Studien zeigten, dass Achtsamkeitsinterventionen positive Effekte auf das Essverhalten und die Selbstregulation haben. Während in einigen Studien ein signifikanter Gewichtsverlust festgestellt werden konnte, führten beobachtete Ergebnisse von anderen Studien zu einer Verbesserung im Binge-Eating, emotionalem Essen und der Stressbewältigung. Daher ist die Integration von Achtsamkeit in einer Kombination zu bestehenden Therapieprogrammen mit einer Ernährungs-, Bewegungs- und Verhaltenskomponente vielversprechend.
Diskussion: Als Ergänzung in der Adipositastherapie könnten achtsamkeitsbasierte Interventionen das Bewusstsein für das Essverhalten und die Stressreduktion stärken. Langfristige Effekte sind jedoch noch nicht ausreichend erforscht. Künftige Studien sollten daher Interventionen mit größeren und heterogeneren Stichproben berücksichtigen, um die Effektivität weiter zu bestätigen. Darüber hinaus eignet sich Achtsamkeit nicht als alleinige Methode zur Gewichtsreduktion, sondern sollte vorrangig als unterstützendes Element in der Therapie angesehen werden.Background: Obesity represents a significant global health challenge. In addition to numerous physical comorbidities, psychological factors such as stress and eating behavior are crucial for long-term weight management. Mindfulness interventions have been shown to be a promising approach for self-regulation and stress management. This paper examines the impact of mindfulness-based approaches in obesity therapy.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed database for randomized controlled trials investigating mindfulness interventions in the context of weight management in obese individuals. The selection was based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 61 potential studies were identified and five studies were included in the final analysis.
Results: The studies demonstrated that mindfulness interventions have positive effects on eating behavior and self-regulation. While some studies reported significant weight loss, others primarily observed improvements in binge-eating, emotional eating, and stress management. Therefore, integrating mindfulness into existing therapy programs particularly in combination with nutritional, physical activity, and behavioral components appears to be promising.
Discussion: As a complementary approach in obesity therapy, mindfulness-based interventions could increase awareness of eating behavior and stress reduction. However, long-term effects have not yet been sufficiently researched. Future studies should focus on interventions with larger and more diverse sample populations to further confirm their effectiveness. Moreover, mindfulness should not be considered a standalone weight-loss method but rather as a supportive element in therapy
DFT-Spread OFDM-Based MIMO joint communication and sensing system
No full textThis paper introduces a joint communication and sensing (JCAS) system design that employs a discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-spread orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform integrated with a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array. This system has been designed with the specific requirements of future remotely piloted or autonomous aircraft systems in urban air mobility (UAM) settings in mind. The objective is to provide high-bandwidth data transmission in conjunction with precise radar sensing, thereby enhancing situational awareness and facilitating efficient spectrum usage. The paper makes a number of significant contributions to the field, including the development of a flexible MIMO DFT-spread OFDM system model and the introduction of a phase compensation term for comprehensive direction-of-arrival estimation. Additionally, the effects of non-linear power amplifiers on system efficacy are analyzed through detailed simulations, providing a rigorous evaluation of the proposed design's practicality and resilience. The numerical analysis establishes a framework for the design of a JCAS system for UAM, taking into account the influence of realistic electronic components and the respective performance requirements for communication and sensing.PeerReviewe
Consumer preferences for cannabis products with THC content in Germany : the case of flowers
Full text linkUnderstanding consumer preferences for cannabis products with THC content in Germany is essential as the country approaches cannabis legalization. This study aims to explore the preferences of German consumers for THC-containing cannabis products, specifically dried flowers, and the safety measures they consider important. Despite increasing cannabis use and evolving public opinion favoring legalization, there is limited research on recreational cannabis preferences in Germany. To address this gap, a discrete choice experiment was conducted with a sample of 193 German consumers. Participants evaluated cannabis flower products with varying attributes, including THC intensity, price, labeling, and packaging materials. The study also investigated consumer perspectives on safety measures, such as age restrictions, product origin information, and ingredient transparency. Results revealed three distinct consumer segments: (1) Otto Normal Consumers (63.7 %), representing the average buyer with moderate preferences for calming and stimulating products; (2) Light and Soothing (21.9 %), favoring low-THC, calming products; and (3) Cheap and Hard (14.4 %), characterized by a preference for high- THC, stimulating products at lower prices. The most valued product attributes were the type and strength of effect, followed by packaging and labeling. Consumers emphasized the need for clear product information and safety warnings. This study provides valuable insights into the German recreational cannabis market, highlighting key attributes that influence purchasing decisions. These findings can support businesses and policymakers in developing targeted marketing strategies and regulatory frameworks to ensure safe and consumer-oriented cannabis products.Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften HamburgPeerReviewe
Ein Prozedurales Regelsystem zur Generierung und Positionierung von Räumen und Möbeln in Gebäudehüllen
Full text linkIn der Computergrafik werden bei der Erstellung von Gebäuden oft nur die Fassaden berücksichtigt und generiert. Doch wie können auch Innenräume in diese Gebäuden integriert werden? Können diese Innenräume bestimmte Typen bekommen und können sie mit Möbeln ausgestattet werden? Diese Fragestellungen werden oft einzeln betreachtet. Diese Masterarbeit konzentriert sich auf die Entwicklung von Konzepten zur Generierung und 3D-Modellierung von Innenräumen in Gebäudehüllen, zur Typisierung dieser Räume und zur Platzierung von Möbeln darin. Dabei werden all diese Probleme als ein einziges Problem in dieser Arbeit untersucht und mithilfe von prozeduralen Generierungsmethoden gelöst. Insgesamt werden in der Arbeit drei Konzepte vorgestellt, die die Raumpartitionierung, Raumtypisierung und Möbelplatzierung ermöglichen. Jedes Konzept verwendet unterschiedliche Methoden zur Lösung der entsprechenden Probleme. Diese Konzepte bauen aufeinander auf, um alle drei Probleme gemeinsam zu lösen. Die entwickelten Konzepte wurden erfolgreich durch Prototypen bestätigt. Diese Prototypen wurden in einer Figur-Grammatik in Form der Operationen hinzugefügt, um aus einer Gebäudehülle ein Gebäude mit Etagen und Räumen zu erzeugen.In computer graphics, when creating buildings, often only the facades are considered and generated. But how can interior spaces be integrated into these buildings? Can these interior spaces have specific types and be furnished with furniture? These questions are often examined separately. This master’s thesis focuses on the development of concepts for generating and 3D modeling interior spaces within building envelopes, categorizing these rooms, and placing furniture in them. All these problems are investigated as a single problem in this thesis and solved using procedural generation methods. In total, three concepts are presented in this thesis, which enable room partitioning, room categorization, and furniture placement. Each concept utilizes different methods to solve the respective problems. These concepts build upon each other to collectively solve all three problems. The developed concepts have been successfully validated through prototypes. These prototypes were added in the form of operations to a shape grammar to generate a building with floors and rooms from a building envelope
Analysis of the life cycle and circular economy strategies for batteries adopted by the main electric vehicle manufacturers
No full textIn response to escalating environmental concerns and the imperative for a transition to a more sustainable economy, the European Union enacted a new regulation on the electric battery market in July 2023. This regulation integrates the principles of the circular economy, as outlined in the European Green Deal, addressing all phases of the battery life cycle, including the mining of raw materials, product design, production processes, reuse, and recycling. In light of this development, the principal manufacturers of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have undertaken various circular economy (CE) and life cycle (LC) strategies. Their objective is to align their operations with these new regulatory requirements and enhance their sustainability credentials. The global automotive industry, encompassing thousands of entities with an annual turnover exceeding USD 3 trillion, is a significant economic sector. Within this industry, it is estimated that more than 50 manufacturers are involved in the production of EVs, ranging from established automakers to emerging startups. This study applies content analysis to obtain qualitative and quantitative information from data disclosed by companies and organizations, with a specific focus on entities that currently feature EVs or HEVs. The methodology involves examining publicly available reports and corporate disclosures to assess industry trends and regulatory compliance. For this purpose, the analysis selected the 10 largest EV manufacturers in the world, based on sales reports provided by the manufacturers themselves and their respective market shares, as reported by automotive news portals and blogs. The evaluation of their actions was derived from the annual sustainability reports of these companies, with the aim of identifying the practices already implemented and their anticipated contributions to extending battery life and minimizing environmental impact.PeerReviewe
Integration of artificial intelligence in supply chain risk and disruption management : analysis and concept development of a LLM-based event identification system
No full textThe increasing complexity and vulnerability of global supply chains, particularly in the automotive industry, have prompted significant concerns regarding supply stability. Recent disruptions, exemplified by the Covid-19 pandemic and the Suez Canal blockade, have underscored the critical need for effective supply chain risk management (SCRM) practices. This paper addresses the existing gap in leveraging diverse data sources to enhance supply chain visibility and resilience.PeerReviewe
Charging infrastructure power requirements for flexibility usage
No full textBundesministerium für Digitales und VerkehrPeerReviewe