Journal Of Advanced Zoology
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Comparative Study Of Yoga & Physiotherapy Practices To Improve Stability And Balance In Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Stroke is a cerebral vascular disease caused by the interruption of the blood supply to the brain, cutting off the supply of oxygen and nutrients. With impaired motor and sensory functions, stroke patients suffer from deficits in balance control which plays crucial role in ambulatory function and thus as an important clinical indicator. Balance is defined as the ability to maintain center of mass (COM) within the stability limits, the boundaries of the base of support (BOS). Balance control can be quantified by limit of stability (LOS) test, expressed by movement velocity, displacement excursion, and directional control
Aim: To systematically review all the existing literature of yoga practices and physiotherapy to improve balance and stability in stroke patients.
Objective: There were some objectives to fulfill the set aim; to find out the intervention and its effectivity from two domains-yoga and physiotherapy in stroke patients; to the effect of core stability exercises physiotherapy on patient outcomes after stroke; to see the effectivity of yoga in stroke patients and to see the effectivity of physiotherapy practices in stroke patients.
Materials & Method The study design is a systemic review so there will be no need of participation of subject
However, the search strategy will be comprised of electronic databases Medline (PubMed) Google Scholar, Cochrane, Scopus and Springer. All study was identified and searched as per inclusion which were published in English. Articles were searched by the keywords: physiotherapy and yoga, stroke and balance, yoga practices and balance, yoga and strength, stroke, rehabilitation, hemiparesis and mobility.
Result There were published 203 articles related to physiotherapy and 30 articles of yoga in the current review. After scrutiny of the entire articles at different stages, 10 articles of physiotherapy and 4 articles of yoga were included at the last for review. As, there is scarcity of literature stating effects of yoga on balance in stroke patients. Results showed that asana and pranayama practices are proven to be effective to improve balance in stroke patients.
Conclusion: After reviewing all the existing literature, it has been concluded that yoga and physiotherapy are effective approach to treat number of neuromuscular conditions. Results showed that asanas and pranayama play effective role to improve balance in stroke patients. Core stability exercises of physiotherapy improves trunk control and dynamic balance after stroke who require improvements in trunk control and balance
The Strategic Approach of a Leader During an Organizational Crisis Situation
Get PDFThis study was conducted to explore how strategic leadership can be developed to enhance organizational capacity in effectively addressing a diverse range of potential crises. Effective leadership is essential for ensuring that employees remain focused and maintain morale during challenging times. Managers must complement their efforts with strategic leadership that acknowledges the inherent difficulties of crisis situations. Leadership roles are characterized by the need to strategically navigate ambiguity. Drawing on a global, cross-sector research base encompassing natural disasters, industrial accidents, economic downturns, political scandals, heightened social tensions, terrorist incidents, and major policy failures, the study aimed to promote active learning among leaders through various activities such as role-playing, peer feedback, and interactions with expert witnesses from both public and private sectors. It aims to provide insights into different crisis scenarios and the unique leadership challenges associated with each. The study aims to understand leaders\u27 strategic approaches to crisis management and identify key pitfalls to avoid. It also emphasizes the importance of anticipating and effectively operating during the post-acute phase of crisis management. A fundamental principle of leadership highlighted is the need for a strong set of beliefs and a clear understanding of the organization\u27s goals to inspire subordinates toward achieving the organization\u27s objectives
Morphometric Study On Pterion And Its Clinical Importance.
Get PDFBackground: The pterion which is the meeting point of the frontal, parietal, greater wing of the sphenoid, and squamous part of temporal bones. The pterion is situated approximately 4 cm above the midpoint of the zygomatic arch and 3.5 cm posterior to the frontozygomatic suture. The anatomical and clinical significance of pterion is it marks the position of the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery, Broca’s area of speech, Sylvian point and anterior pole of the insula. The knowledge of the position the of pterion and the structures deep to it has the utmost importance to burr holes in draining the extradural hematoma caused due to the rupture of branches of middle meningeal arteries. In the neonatal skull, it corresponds to anterolateral fontanelle.
Materials and Methods: The present study conducted with 96 adult dry skull, both sides pterions were measured carefully, the skulls were divided accoding to gender. The morphometric measurements were carried out by measuring the distance from the centre of the pterion to six different locations of the skull including, anterior aspect of the frontozygomatic suture - PSFZ, the zygomatic angle - PZAN, the zygomatic arch - PZA, Henle’s spine- PH, mastoid process of the temporal bone - PMP, external occipital protuberance - PI.
Results: The distance from the center of the pterion to the anterior aspect of the frontozygomatic suture – PSFZ was 35.8+5.3mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the zygomatic angle – PZAN was 40.4+5.35mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the zygomatic arch – PZA 39.85+4.65mm, distance from the center of the pterion to Henle’s spine- PH was61.55+4.25mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the mastoid process of the temporal bone – PMP was 85.7+5.65mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the external occipital protuberance – PI was 131.75+7.3mm.
Conclusion: As pterion is very important point, it is thinner than other parts of skull and deep to it middle meningeal artery and broca`s area are present. The present study results may be helpful in practice of neurosurgery, forensic experts and anthropologists
Wide Variability In Sex Chromosomes Of Some Ophidians From UT Of Jammu And Kashmir
Get PDFCytogenetic studies were carried out on 11 species of Indian Snakes collected from Jammu region using Air Drying Technique of Gorman et al 1979. Among all E. johni and E. conicus belonging to primitive family Boidae exhibits diploid number, 2n=34 with undifferentiated sex chromosomes in both male and female. In family Colubridae ( an intermediate family) there exist huge variation as far as sex chromosomes are concerned i.e Ptyas mucosus has 2n=34, Oligodon arnensis has 2n=44 with undifferentiated sex chromosomes, Lycodon arnensis and Boiga trigonata both have 2n=36 with differentiated sex chromosomes(as per literature) while Natrix stolata has 2n=36 with distinct ‘ZW’ female. In Family Elapidae Naja naja naja has 2n=38 with undifferentiated sex chromosomes but Bungarus caerulus has 2n=44 with ‘ZW’ female having submetacentric ‘Z’ and largest telocentric ‘ W’ but members of family Viperidae viz. Vipera russelli and Echinis carinatus both have 2n=36 with well differentiated ‘ZW’ where ‘W’ is smaller and ‘ Z’ larger representing final step in the evolution of sex chromosom
Analysis Of The Anti-Oxidant And Cell Cytotoxicity Properties Of Stevia Rebaudiana Extract By Using In- Vitro Model
Get PDFLeaves of Stevia rebaudiana are rich source of sweet glycosides of steviol. The major glycoside, stevioside, diterpenoid glycoside--is used in India and various countries as a food sweetener for diabetic patients. Its medical use is also reported in various ailments like heart, liver, pancrease etc. Besides this it is also being used against obesity, stomach burn and to lower uric acid levels in blood. In present study the leaf extract with various extract were tested for immunomodulatry properties. We performed MTT assay to check the cell viability and cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and also calculated the Trolox equivalent values to assess the antioxidant properties of Stevia rebaudiana. . Percent cell viability values of cells were found to be more than 50 percentages with increase in concentration. At higher dose all these extract showed significant inhibitory effects on proliferation. The aqueous extracts shown the maximum value of Trolox equivalent with 1:16 dilution. It means with the increase in the concentration of extract there is substantial increase in antioxidant property or we can assume antioxidant is dose dependent. But in same time cell viability gets reduced with increase in concentration
Artificial Intelligence, Healthcare, Clinical Genomics, and Pharmacogenomics Approaches in Cardiovascular Precision Medicine
Get PDFDue to the complexity of medical decisions, the use of information systems to support these decisions has increased. Meanwhile, the development of intelligent systems in helping doctors is outstanding. In this article, the capabilities of these systems in the field of cardiovascular medicine have been investigated. In this research, the main English and Farsi articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus Cochrane Library, Google Scholar Direct Science, and in Iran database including SID and IranMedex. To find articles in the Medical Subject Search Database (MeSH), the words: "artificial intelligence", "genomics", "pharmacogenomics", "cardiology" and their English equivalents were used together with the prepositions AND and OR. Artificial intelligence has a lot of potential to improve medical decision-making, but the successful implementation of these types of systems in medicine, in addition to paying attention to the principles required for any other information system, including attention to organizational, behavioral, cultural, managerial, economic, educational and technical factors, It requires other things
Therapist Reported Cognitive Questionnaire For Assessing Cognition In Patients With Adhd
Get PDFBackground and aim: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, developmental disorder, involving inappropriate and disruptive levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity with impulsivity. The aim of the study was to investigate and interpret the validity and reliability of the Therapist Reported Cognitive Questionnaire for assessing cognitive function in patients with ADHD.
Introduction: ADHD is typically identified in the younger childhood years with symptoms often persisting throughout adulthood. Studies have reported impairments in basic cognitive processes such as slow processing speed, distractibility, and increased reaction time variability.
Need of study: There is a limited information regarding cognition function in ADHD. So, through this study we create Therapist Reported Cognitive Questionnaire for better interpretation of cognitive function in patients with ADHD.
Method: General cognitive questionnaires were collected based on these questionnaires, Therapist reported cognitive questionnaire of 21 questions was created. On the basis of inclusion criteria of age between 6 to 14 years and exclusion criteria, 50 patients were indulged in the study. This questionnaire was filled by therapist on the basis of activities performed by patient mentioned in the questionnaire. Result: The study showed that the questionnaire is reliable as the Cronbach’s alpha of each question is .997, approximately near to 1 and is also valid as the correlation of each question with the total score is significant 0.01 level. Conclusion: The study findings revealed that the Therapist Reported Cognitive Questionnaire is reliable as well as valid and significant in assessing cognitive function in ADHD Patients
Alexa Controlled Smart Ev System
Get PDFElectric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more prevalent on the road and in the grid of power plants in the design of EVs, the energy system and management are crucial components. Fully battery electric vehicles (FBEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles are the two main forms of EVs. Alexa Controlled Electric Vehicle is a new concept that integrates Amazon\u27s Alexa voice assistant into an electric two-wheeler. This innovative combination has the potential to revolutionize the way we ride bicycles, offering a safer, more convenient, and more enjoyable experience. Riders of the Alexa Controlled Electric Vehicle could control various aspects of their ride using voice commands. For example, they could: Turn the vehicle on or off through their phone, Adjust the vehicle\u27s speed and lighting, Lock and unlock the vehicle and Control the vehicle\u27s horn.
These features would not only enhance convenience but also improve safety. The Lock and Unlock feature eliminates the need for keys, while controlling the vehicle\u27s horn and lights introduces a new way to locate the vehicle in parking areas and utilize the headlights as emergency lights in forested areas. The Alexa Controlled Electric Vehicle (2 wheeler) is still in the early stages of development, but it has the potential to change the way we think about transportation. This innovative concept could make riding bikes safer, more convenient, and more enjoyable for everyone
Treatment Outcomes Of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: A Retrospective Analysis Of Data From 2012 To 2022
Get PDFTuberculosis remains a formidable global health challenge, with drug-resistant strains posing significant hurdles in its eradication efforts. Addressing the challenge of drug-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis requires a multifaceted approach encompassing enhanced diagnostics, novel therapeutics, and patient-centered care models. This study aims to find the treatment outcomes of DR-TB patients registered at tertiary care settings along estimation of impact of associated adverse events.
This retrospective study was undertaken at a tertiary care setting of Lahore Punjab Pakistan during the year 2023. A census based data of all patients registered at programmed management of drug resistant tuberculosis site was obtained for the patients registered from 2012 to 2022. Using a predefined scheme of variables data was collected considered gender, age and occupation of patients. Treatment outcomes were measured as cured, treatment completed, treatment failure, died and defaulted from treatment. Data was presented in the form mean, frequencies and percentages. Regression analysis was applied by taking death and treatment failure as adverse outcomes excluding the treatment defaulter patients as their final fate was not known.
A total of 1438 drug resistant TB patients comprising of 49.4% males and 50.6 females with mean age of patients at the time of registration as 35.08±15.91 years were included in final analysis. A high number of 17.4% patients were died, 56.2% patients were cured and 10.4% successfully completed their treatment. Rate of loss to follow up was noted to be 11.1% and treatment failure were 4.9% in this study. Regression model showed that patients aged ≥34 years, patients having previous history of treatment and treatment strategy other than LTR are at greater risk of adverse events. Gender and comorbidities were not proven risk of adverse events among drug resistant TB patients
Overall success rate of treatment remained to be 66.6% remained far below of the target laid down by the WHO. A high mortality rate was found to be associated with drug resistant tuberculosis patients. Age ≥34 years, prior history of TB treatment and treatment strategy are risk factors for death of DR TB patients
The Gross Motor Function Measure A Mean To Evaluate The Impact Of Gross Motor Function Measures In Infant 0-3 Months.
Get PDFBackground : The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) on infants aged 0-3 months, focusing on its utility as a means of evaluating gross motor function during this critical developmental period. The discussion will delve into key findings, implications for clinical practice, methodological considerations, and avenues for future research. Our study revealed correlation between the joint movements. Comparing our results to existing literature on infant motor development, we found many similarities. This study expands upon prior research by specifically examining the impact of GMFM within the unique context of the first three months of life.
Introduction:The DENVER II is a measure of developmental problems in young children. It was designed to assess child performance on various age-appropriate tasks and compares a given child’s performance to the performance of other children the same age. The instrument consists of 125 tasks, which broadly reflect the following areas: personal-social, fine motor-adaptive, language, and gross motor.
Movement of the body controlled by large muscles are considered gross motor skills. Gross motor milestones are specifically skills that infants are expected to reach by certain age range to be considered typically developing .Gross motor development milestones includes skills like independent head control ,crawling walking jumping .
Need of study : To investigation gross motor developmental activities in infants 0-3 months .For reducing the risk factors of developmental delays .
Method: This prospective, time series, randomized study at Delhi council for child welfare (PALNA) ,Quidsia Bagh , Yamuna marg ,Civil line,New Delhi, Delhi 1100054. It is the sole provider of infant care in the area and served as a Specialized adoption agency .A total of 50 participants were recorded which included 30 females and 20 males. Normal infants development screening from the age 0-3 months by the DENVER 11 Scale in four different aspects Gross motor,Fine motor, Speech & language and social -emotion according to the chronological age & trace motor functioning with sub aspect of 0-3 month Fine motor, Speech & language and social -emotion . And fill the questionnaire with the help care giver. Along with the finding data as per the activity perform by an infant shows during developmental screening to check the gross motor motor functioning as well as care giver information. This screening requires single time assessment .
Result : t- Test (q1 and2) 0.37307231, (q2,3)0.02086293 , (q3,4)5.6 , (q4,5)0.00371208 ,(q5,6) 0.01138811 , (q6,7) 0.00375606 , (q7,8) 1.453 , (q8,9) 6.644 , (q9,10) 1.1875E-06 , (q10,11) 8.5051E-07 , (q11-12) 0.00271814 .At p= 0.05 ,the highlighted one are significant .
Conclusion: The findings underscore the significance of ongoing surveillance and early intervention in promoting optimal gross motor development during infancy. By prospectively monitoring the developmental progress of these infants, we have laid the foundation for timely interventions that can potentially mitigate challenges associated with improper gross motor development