Journal Of Advanced Zoology
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Utilisation Of Flower Waste For Making Incense Sticks
Get PDFIn India, it is a common practice for people to carry flowers to temples as offerings; almost 500,000 people do this every day. An estimated 800 million tonnes of flowers are utilized for different functions at various religious places all around the country. Flowers, after they have served their function, are thrown away in the water bodies, which is the primary cause of pollution in them. The main focus of this study is to repurpose discarded flowers into incense sticks. It highlights the collection, segregation, utilisation, and management of waste flowers produced by temples. In this study, rose powder prepared from the flower waste generated in the popular temples of Jaipur city was used as the main ingredient to produce incense sticks. The prepared sticks were also evaluated for their impact on indoor air quality and subsequently compared with both commercially available herbal and chemical incense sticks. This paper introduces a concept for utilizing and managing floral waste generated from temples by transforming it into incense sticks, with the aim of promoting the concept of eco-friendly and sustainable temple practices.
 
The Correlative Study Of Carrying Angle And Height Of Body Among Male Population Of Rajasthan
Get PDFCarrying angle is defined as the angle formed by the axis of the arm and the forearm when the elbow is completely extended. It varies between sexes, ages, races and could also show changes with various morphological features.
Aim and objectives: To study correlation of degrees of carrying angle and height of body in male sex of RUHS-CMS Students.
Materials & Methods: In this cross sectional study, carrying angle of 246 healthy male students of RUHS-CMS, Jaipur between 17- 35 year of age were evaluated. The correlation between carrying angle and height of participants were also done. Carrying angle (in degree) is measured by a manual goniometer with two drawing axes of the arm and forearm in anatomical position at point of measurement. The axis of arm is defined by the lateral border of the cranial surface of the acromian to the midpoint of the lateral and medial epicondyles of the humerus. Standard deviation, t-tests, P- values and correlations were obtained. A p-value 0.05<P<0.10 was considered suggestive significant and p-value P≤0.001 was considered highly significant.
Observation and Result: In the present cross sectional study, the mean bilateral range of 17, 18, 19 and 20-35 years of age participants were 9.91˚- 12.39˚, 12.77˚-14.66˚, 13.80˚- 13.60˚ and 8.18˚- 8.64˚ respectively. The left side of 18 year of age participant’s angle was greater and on the right side 19 year of age participant’s angle was greater. Bilateral significant difference was observed for the height, right carrying angle (RCA) and left Carrying angle (LCA) (p- value ≤0.05). The mean values of RCA and LCA were almost equal without any significant difference while the 17 and 20-35 years of age group found significant differences.
Conclusion: The use of simple method to measure carrying angle adopted in this study makes the researcher to recommend it to be used in the actual future researches and clinical practice. Also, the values obtained here might be useful in the management of elbow disorders and the significant difference between females and males might be used in forensic medicine as a basis for sex discriminatio
Review Paper Based On Organic Vertical Farming With Aquaponic Model In Urban Areas
Get PDFThe modern agriculture is an evolving approach to new farming practices and agricultural innovations. Vertical and organic farming have gained significant attention due to their potential address the challenges of limited space, water scarcity and the need for sustainable food production whereas hydroponics, aeroponics and aquaponics are innovative cultivation methods that offer efficient and environmentally friendly solutions. Hydroponics involves growing plants in a nutrient water rich water solution, eliminating the need for soil. Aeroponics takes the concept further by suspending plant roots in a moist environment, where nutrient rich solutions are directly sprayed onto the roots. Aquaponics combines hydroponics with aquaculture, creating a symbiotic system where fish or aquatic animals provide nutrients for the plants, while plants filter and purify the water for fish. The combination of this new innovative agricultural practices offers numerous benefits includes higher crop yield, reduce water consumption etc. Further research and development in these areas are essential to optimize system designs, increases productivity and make these methods more accessible
Ethnobotany of Wild Edible Plants, Hampi, Karnataka, India
Get PDFThis ethnobotanical study was conducted in the Hampi region of Karnataka, India, delves into the utilization of wild edible plants among local communities, particularly pastoralists. Through interviews and field observations, 21 significant wild edible plant species were identified, representing various botanical families. The study highlights the diverse roles of these plants in local diets and livelihoods, with leaves and fruits identified as the chief edible plant parts. Notably, Malvaceae emerged as the most prominent family for wild edibles, followed by Amaranthaceae, underscoring their importance in providing sustenance in challenging environments like semi-arid regions. Herbaceous plants were found to play a significant role in the local diet, while shrubs, trees, and climbers also contributed to the nutritional diversity of the region. The study emphasizes the reliance of local communities on traditional knowledge for food security and underscores the need for conservation efforts amidst modernization pressures. Additionally, novel culinary uses and nutritional benefits of certain wild plants were highlighted, reflecting the ongoing exploration of traditional knowledge for sustenance and well-being in local communities
Homology Modeling And Molecular Docking Studies Of Xylanase Enzyme From Bacillus. Substilis
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was To find the interaction between xylan with xylanase in Bacillus subtilis by performing homology modelling and in-silico based molecular docking analysis.The model of the xylanase protein was constructed with SWISS-MODEL Server. The xylanase gene of the sample was sequenced using Sanger Sequencing Method which was then used for homology modelling and further analysis. The sequence was submitted (Accession No.OM986475) in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)’The Qualitative Model Energy Analysis (QMEAN Z) and Global Model Quality Estimation (GMQE) scores were used to assess the reliability of the modelled 3D structure, GMQE was found to be 0.90+/-0.05 for the modelled protein structure. Local model per residue score was accessed using the QMEANDisCo scoring function,which is a composite score for a single model quality estimation. The SWISS-MODEL Server was also used to provide the structural validation of the modelled target protein (CTX-M) for stereochemical quality and a Ramachandran plot. The ligand Xylan was obtained from PubChem available at https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ and was prepared using the Energy Minimisation tool in UCSF Chimera v.1.16. Molecular docking was performed using Autodock Vina. Visualization of this was done with the help of PyMOL v.2.5.2 and LigPlot+. Effect of xylanase on different substrates like xylan, xyloglucan, glucomannan, galactoglucomannan and arabinogalactan was tested using molecular docking., The xylan showed optimum binding affinity with the binding energy of -6.3 kcal/mol. Further interaction analysis, two H-bonds were hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) and five hydrophobic interactions were found for docking with xylan. Through molecular docking study using AutoDock Vina, amino acid residues relevant in protein-ligand interaction were identifie
Impact Of Carbon Dioxide Laser On Biochemical Parameters In Bovine Ocular Growths
Get PDFTwelve bovines with ocular growths were selected and randomly divided into two groups with six animals in each group. In Group 1 saline soaked gauze piece while, in Group 2 saline soaked sterile wooden spoon was used for corneal protection during surgery. All the 12 animals were sedated with xylazine hydrochloride @0.1 mg/kg b.wt. i/m. The anaesthetic induction and maintenance with double drip solution using guaifenesin @50 mg/kg bwt and ketamine @2 mg/kg bwt i/v in 5% DNS was followed. The 9-10 W power output in continuous mode used in both groups in excising all ocular growths in bovines and left unsutured. Postoperative treatment was given for 5 days. In group 1 healing was uneventful in four animals while ocular discharge was observed in two cows. In group 2, majority of the animals (5/6) showed uneventful recovery except one cow which showed corneal opacity and discharge at 3rd day after surgery due to self mutilation. All 12 excised tumor samples were examined microscopically and diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Histopathologically all 12 cases were well to moderately differentiated sqaumous cell carcinoma with mitotic index ranged from 0.5-2.5. And Ki67 index ranged from 29-37%. All 12 animals did not show reoccurrence at least 3 month post surgery.
 
Therapeutic effect of Citrullus lanatus against Sodium arsenite induced reproductive toxicity in Charles Foster rats
Get PDFArsenic contamination is a serious issue throughout the world and is substantial risk factor in most of the countries including India. Chronic arsenic exposure from drinking water to humans is causing major public health related issues. The present study aims to investigate the ameliorative effect of Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon) seeds against arsenic induced reproductive function and testicular toxicity in Charles Foster rats.
In the present study, twenty-four male Charles Foster rats (120±5gm). The study group includes group - I (n=6) as control, and group - II (n=18) treated with sodium arsenite (8 mg per Kg body weight per day) for 90 days. The group - II was furthermore divided into three sub-groups, Group – II-a, Group – II-b and Group – II-c. The group – II-a were sacrificed to see the effect of arsenic toxicity effect after arsenic exposure. Group – II-b was left with normal food and water for next 60 days to observe auto recovery. The group – II-c rats were administered with Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon) hydroxyl ethanolic seeds extract at the dose of 400 mg per Kg body weight per day for 60 days for 90 days upon pre-treated sodium arsenite treated group (8 mg per kg body weight). After completion of the experiment, all the treated group of animals were sacrificed for biochemical, hormonal assay, histopathological, testicular and reproductive functions study.
In the arsenic treated rats’ group, there was significant (p<0.001) changes in serum levels of SGPT, SGOT, urea, uric acid and creatinine as well as in haematological parameters. There was decrease in the sperm counts and sperm motility accompanied by an increased incidence of sperm abnormalities and hormonal imbalance denotes infertility condition. In contrast, after the administration with C.lanatus (Watermelon) seeds hydroxy-ethanolic extract upon arsenic treated rats group, there was significant (p<0.001) improvement observed in the reproductive, hepatic and renal parameters. In the arsenic intoxicant rats’ group, after administration with C. lanatus (Watermelon) seeds hydroxyl ethanolic extract, there was significant (p<001) reduction in the arsenic concentration in blood, liver, and kidney tissues as well as serum lipid peroxidation.
The histopathological study also showed the C. lanatus (Watermelon) seeds hydroxy ethanolic extract significantly restored the cellular integrity of testicular cells leading to normal functioning of it against arsenic induced toxicity
A Comprehensive Approach To Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Monitoring
Get PDFNight time hypoglycaemia can be a concern for diabetic patients. It occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low during the night, potentially leading to symptoms such as sweating, confusion, irritability, or even loss of consciousness. It\u27s crucial for diabetic patients and their caregivers to be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia and to take preventive measures, as individuals with type I diabetes often face increased challenges with this condition. The aim of uninterrupted glucose monitoring in correlation with heart rate and for diabetic patients who are at risk of night time hypoglycaemia, having a caregiver or a nocturnal monitoring system in place can be crucial for their safety and well-being. Nocturnal hypoglycaemia monitoring involves continuous or periodic checking of blood sugar levels throughout the night to detect and address any drops in glucose levels promptly. For daytime care of diabetic patients, advanced technology plays a crucial role in monitoring and managing their condition effectively. This monitoring can be done manually by a caregiver who wakes up periodically to check the patient\u27s blood sugar levels with a glucose meter. Alternatively, Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems can provide real-time glucose readings throughout the night, alerting both the patient and caregiver to any concerning fluctuations. Temperature during the nocturnal period is to improve the detection and management of hypoglycaemia, thereby enhancing overall health outcomes and quality of life for individuals with diabetes. This project provides real-time data on blood glucose levels, which is particularly important for individuals with diabetes. This plays a crucial role during the night when individuals may not be awake to sense symptoms. Monitoring temperature alongside glucose levels and heart rate can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the body\u27s response to hypoglycaemia and may offer additional insights into its detection and management of hypoglycaemia, which can be dangerous and lead to complications if not addressed promptly. It allows for the continuous tracking of glucose levels, enabling the early detection of hypoglycaemic events and the adjustment of therapy to prevent them. Additionally, CGM can be used to analyse the correlation between physical activity and hypoglycaemia, as well as to make well-founded decisions on glucose intake for hypoglycaemi
Faunal Diversity in Western Ghats, India: A Review
Get PDFThe term "Biodiversity Hotspot" refers to a geographical region with a high level of diversity and a large number of endemic species that have been overexploited over time. India has four biodiversity hotspots: the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot, the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, the Sundaland biodiversity hotspot, and the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. Human activities have significantly impacted the biodiversity of these hotspot regions. Therefore, it is important to conserve these areas to ensure the survival of various species and the future well-being of both organisms and humans. The Western Ghats is considered the most diverse hotspot in India and is renowned for its unique and rich biodiversity. Among the invertebrates in the Western Ghats, land snails are particularly important, but they have been rarely studied or exploited. There are 270 species of snails in the Western Ghats, with 204 of them being endemic to the region. Additionally, out of the 330 species of butterflies in the area, 37 are endemic. The Western Ghats also supports a high level of endemism in reptiles and amphibians. However, the level of endemism is lower in mammals compared to other groups of organisms. Several endemic species in the Western Ghats, such as the lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus), Malabar civet (Viverra civettina), Nilgiri tahr (Hemitragus hylocrius), and Red slender loris (Loris tardigradus), are facing significant threats and are classified as "vulnerable" or "endangered." Today, the life-sustaining and biodiversity-rich ecosystems of the Western Ghats are under threat due to habitat pressures, leading it to be declared as one of the world\u27s hottest hotspots of biodiversity
GC–MS Analysis Of Phytocomponents From The Leaf, Stem And Root Methanolic Extracts Of Artemisia nilagirica (C.B. Clarke) Pamp
Get PDFArtemisia nilagirica (C.B.Clarke) Pamp, is an essential medicinal plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. The purpose of this study was to identify the bioactive chemicals in Artemisia nilagirica methanolic extract from its leaf, stem and root using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Phyto-chemicals are naturally occurring compounds found in plants that have biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anti-cancer properties. They help prevent diseases by scavenging and chelating free radicals. GC-MS detected thirty-three bioactive compounds in the leaf methanolic extract, while eighteen and ten bio active compounds were detected in the stem and root methanolic extracts, respectively. 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose (64.3%), β- longipinene (25.22%), (E)-β-Famesene (22.27%) were the major bioactive molecules identified in A. nilagirica. Significant compounds with both pharmacological and biological properties were also found, such as Caryophyllene, Cis-α-Bisabolene,1,5-Naphthyridin-4-ol, Humulene, Germacrene D, 3-O-Methyl-d glucose, Phytol. Therefore, the isolation and purification of compounds with therapeutic potential from A. nilagirica could be used to combat several diseases in plants and humans