Journal Of Advanced Zoology
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"Incidence and Characterization of Insect Pest Damage on the Tropical Fruit Plant Ziziphus jujuba Mill. In Maharashtra, India"
Full text linkAn extensive field survey was conducted to assess the seasonal incidence and ecological relationship of insect pests associated with Ber (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) plantations in the Solapur district of Maharashtra. The survey covered all 11 tehsils of the district, with four distinct Ber plantation sites selected in each tehsil. The study was carried out over a period of three years, from January 2022 to December 2024. Observations were primarily recorded during the rainy and winter seasons, which coincide with the fruiting phase of the crop. A total of 23 insect pest species were documented as being associated with Ber in the study area. Among these, six species were identified as major pests due to their significant impact on the crop, while the remaining 17 were categorized as minor pests. The present investigation highlights the diversity of insect pests infesting Ziziphus jujuba in the Solapur region and provides detailed insights into the nature and extent of damage caused by these pests
Efficacy of Foliar Application of Micronutrients and BA Concentrations on Flowering and Vase Life of Zinnia Plant (Zinnia elegans)
Full text linkThis study was carried out in the lath house of the Horticulture Department Nursery, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, Duhok University. Kurdistan region, Iraq, for the period from 5th 2024 to study the effect of different levels of Zn (0, 0.50 and 0.75) and different concentration of BA (0. 50, and 100) mgl-1 on some flowering and vase life of two cultivars of Zinnia plant. The results were as follows: The best results (fewest days) for the number of days from planting to bud emergence, and anthesis were obtained on Zinnia Lavanda (54.957 and 85.185) respectively. Also, these treatments were significantly superior in the other characteristics like flower stem length (cm), flower stem diameter (cm) and vase life (days) for Zinnia Lavanda cultivar reached (3.815 cm 8.169 cm 10.710 day) respectively. While the flower dry weight 1.429g and vase life 11.009 day was significantly increased when plant spraying with 0.75 % Zn compared with other treatments. The responses of the Zinnia plants to micro elements under study, significantly increased number of flowers per plant 4.389, flower stem diameter 0.437 cm, flower fresh weight 9.510 g and vase life 11.148 for the Zinnia Lavanda when spraying with 0.75% Zn compared to the control. While the maximum result about the flower stem length 87.310 cm, flower diameter 8.319 cm and flower dry weight 1.674 g for Zinnia rosso scarlatta when spraying with 0.75% Zn. Also, the best result of Zinnia Lavanda for number of flowers per plant, flower stem diameter, flower fresh weight and vase life (4.333, 0.405 cm, 10.462 g and 11.111 days) was obtained when the plant sprays with BA at (100 and 50) mgl-1 respectively compared with control and Zinnia rosso scarlatta. Maximum fresh flower weight (13.030 g) was recorded for plants grown in BA at 50 mgl-1+ 0.50% Zn treatment for the Zinnia Lavanda cultivar follow by 12.217g fresh flower weight for the same cultivar when spraying only 100 mgl-1 BA. Maximum dry flower weight (2.317 g) was recorded for Zinnia rosso scarlatta cultivar in control treatment. Maximum vase life (12.333 days) was recorded for Zinnia Lavanda cultivar in 0.75% Zn combined with 50 mgl-1 BA treatment
Localization Of Transforming Growth Factor-β 1 In The Testis Of Freshwater Catfish, Clarias Batrachus, And Its Relation With Testicular Activity
Full text linkTGF-β1, an isoform of transforming growth factor β, is involved in regulation of variety of physiological functions. In mammals, TGF-β1 is known to regulate reproductive activity but its role in reproduction of lower vertebrate, particularly fishes, is not yet clear. Therefore, study was planned to detect its presence in the testis of catfish, Clarias batrachus during different phases of its reproductive cycle. Expression of TGF-β1 was visualized through the immunohistochemistry along with the measurement of testicular testosterone. The immunoreactivity was present in Sertoli cell and germinal epithelium. As the testicular activity progressed the expression of TGF-β1 decreased gradually in testis. However, the level of testicular testosterone increased with the progression in spermatogenesis. This finding suggests that TGF-β1 is present in fish testis and its expression varies with changing reproductive status; it expresses more during the early reproductive phase. The correlation studies showed a negative correlation between TGF-β1 expression and testicular testosterone production
“A STUDY ON SEASONAL VARIATION AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN BANSAGAR DAM”
Full text linkHydrological changes and riverine fauna serve as key indicators of river health.In India, the natural flow of rivers has been heavily modified by dams and waterdiversions to meet agricultural and power demands, often neglecting the fisheriessector. These alterations have degraded aquatic ecosystems, disrupted breeding cyclesof important species especially large carps and severely affected the livelihoods of river-dependent communities.The present study was carried out in the Bansagar Dam, Shahdol district,Madhya Pradesh, India for Seasonal Variation and Species Composition ofPhytoplankton, in which it can be concluded that The phytoplankton community ofBansagar Dam comprised four major groups Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae,Cyanophyceae, and Euglenophyceae with over 25 recorded species. Chlorophyceaewas the most dominant and species-rich group, peaking in summer (542 org/l) due tofavorable temperature and light conditions. Bacillariophyceae showed moderateabundance, indicating good water quality, while Cyanophyceae increased in nutrient-rich summer conditions, suggesting eutrophication trends. Euglenophyceae were leastabundant, occurring mainly in slightly polluted waters. Overall, phytoplankton diversityand abundance were highest in summer and lowest in winter, indicating a mesotrophicto slightly eutrophic nature of the Bansagar Dam ecosystem
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Linen Fabrics Dyed with Medicinal Herbal Extracts
Full text linkThe demand for sustainable and multifunctional textiles has driven research into natural dyeingusing medicinal herbs with antimicrobial properties. This study evaluates the antimicrobialefficacy of linen fabrics dyed with aqueous extracts, of neem (Azadirachta indica), tulsi(Ocimum sanctum), and turmeric (Curcuma longa). A total of 120 linen samples were dyedunder controlled conditions and tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli usingthe AATCC 100 quantitative method. Statistical analyses including one-way ANOVA andTukey's HSD test confirmed significant bacterial reduction confirmed significant bacterialreduction (>95%) for neem and tulsi, and moderate reduction (~89%) for turmeric. Expertevaluation via a detailed 25-item questionnaire (n=30) assessed aesthetic, functional, andmedical suitability. Results demonstrate the potential of herbal dyes as eco-friendly antimicrobialfinishes for linen textiles, with durability and safety suitable for medical and hygienicapplications
Decadal study of Bivalve diversity along the coast of the Maharashtra coastline
Full text linkThe Maharashtra coast is an active and diverse collection of the bivalves species under the influence of various habitats, hydrodynamic and anthropogenic pressures. The study is a decadal research review of spatial and temporal dynamics in bivalve diversity in large coastal areas (estuaries, mangrove ecosystems and sandy beaches, and rocky intertidal environments). Community structure was measured using systematic sampling, species lists, and ecological measures including Shannon-Wiener diversity, Simpson dominance and evenness as calculated by Pielou. Findings have shown that there are significant changes of species richness and a general decrease in sensitive taxa with regions that have undergone coastal development, pollution and sediment change. On the other hand, comparatively undisturbed locations maintained or grew in diversity and the diversity of some bivalve assemblage highlighted the resilience and adaptive ability of specific assemblages. The long-term curves also indicate that species are shifting their ranges due to climatic changes in the salinity and temperature of the sea, with some taxa either increasing, or reducing by the decade. The analysis also demonstrates the new trends of homogenization of the community in the disturbed habitats, which points to the possible impact on the ecosystem. On the whole, these results indicate that there is a need to continue with the monitoring of biodiversity and manage the coastal zones as one means to preserve ecologically and economically significant bivalve populations. The dataset that was achieved in the course of this work offers a crucial foundation of future ecological modelling and empowers evidence-based policy interventions to the conservation of coastal ecosystems in Maharashtra coast
“Impacts of Anthropogenic Factors on Nesting Behaviour of Olive Ridley Turtles at Ratnagiri Coast”
Full text linkAnthropogenic factors such as the spread of non-degradable waste and sewage disposal can significantly influence the nesting behaviour of Olive Ridley Turtles. To assess these anthropogenic threats to olive Ridley turtle nesting sites on the Ratnagiri coast of Maharashtra, a study was conducted during the breeding seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. Beach profiling and non-biodegradable waste ground cover were examined across 11 beaches in the Ratnagiri District. The study revealed that many resorts discharge their wastewater and non-biodegradable solid waste directly onto the beaches. Additionally, ocean currents contribute to waste accumulation during ebb and flow. Consequently, female turtles tend to avoid these sewage-prone beach areas for nesting. While non-degradable ground cover litter was present, it did not show a significant association with nesting density. Therefore, to mitigate these anthropogenic impacts on nesting Olive Ridley sea turtles, the implementation of strict sewage and waste disposal regulations is a crucial and immediate step towards protecting these vulnerable nesting sites along the Ratnagiri coast
Monsoon Butterflies In Mysore Region
Full text linkButterflies are included under insects as the Papilionoidea superfamily. They are attracted by their bright and beautiful appearance. They have classified many species depending upon their habitat, behaviour and nature. This paper gives a brief data about the butterflies present in Mysore, Karnataka, India in Monsoon season during the month from May to July. The article aims at giving the importance of butterflies in nature and their role in maintenance of the ecosystem with specific points. Furthermore, there are a number of different butterflies mentioned which belong to different families with explanations about their characteristics and nature in the surrounding area. Thus, this data plays a vital role as a guide for the identification of butterflies. The photography was done from the month May to July-2025 in Mysore Region
Marine Ecosystem Protection: Strategies for Sustainable Development and Biodiversity Conservation
Full text linkMarine ecosystems are vital to the health of the planet, providing critical ecological, economic, and cultural services that sustain life on earth. This review underscores the ecological importance of marine biodiversity, analyses major threats like overfishing, pollution, and climate change, and proposes innovative solutions including satellite technology, AI, and interdisciplinary cooperation to safeguard marine ecosystems for sustainable development. Emphasizing on the interconnections between ocean health, environmental protection, and sustainable development, the study highlights innovative solutions such as sustainable fishing practices, marine habitat restoration, and advanced technologies for monitoring and conservation. The role of community engagement and public awareness in fostering sustainable marine management is also discussed. By synthesizing current knowledge and future prospects, this review underscores the urgent need for integrated global efforts to safeguard marine ecosystems and align their protection with the broader goals of sustainable development
An Overview of The Significance of The Dyeing and Colour Fading Processes for The Selection and Design of Dyes in The Textile Industry as Well as Its Use in Clinical Diagnostics
Full text linkThe development of synthetic dyes has resulted in significant changes in the textile industry, which in turn have had a significant influence on the environment and on the concept of sustainability. It is possible to minimise the amount of human work, land for the cultivation of raw materials, and the socioeconomic status of cultivators through the use of synthetic colour. The design of dye is necessary for industrial application of dye. Dye ought to be non-hazardouss to the environment and should have a minimally toxicological impact on the ecosystem when it is released into the environment after its usage. Even though the majority of synthetic dyes are mutagens, their cytotoxic properties are utilised in clinical diagnostics as well as in therapeutic procedures