Journal Of Advanced Zoology
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Quantification of Ethinyl Estradiol, Levonorgestrel and Ferrous Fumarate from Bulk Drugs and Tablet Formulation using a Validated HPLC Method
Get PDFObjective: This research article introduces new, rapid, accurate and precise HPLC method for estimating Ethinyl estradiol, Levonorgestrel and Ferrous fumarate from the bulk drug and tablets.
Methods: HPLC analysis of all the three drugs was performed on the Sun Q sil C18, (250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 µm) under isocratic conditions employing mobile phase as acetonitrile: water in ratio of 70: 30 at flow rate of 0.7 mL/min with UV wavelength of 265 nm.
Results: Ferrous fumarate, Ethinyl estradiol, and Levonorgestrel had retention times of 2.86 min, 6.66 min and 9.87 min, respectively. The data from linear regression analysis studies was plotted and calibration plots demonstrated satisfactory linear connection. For Ethinyl estradiol, Levonorgestrel, and Ferrous fumarate, the mean correlation coefficient values were found to be 0.9997, 0.9992 and 0.9995. % RSD for intra-day precision and inter-day precision was found to be less than 2. Accuracy was found to be 99.58 % for Ethinyl estradiol, 99.85 % for Levonorgestrel and 100.06 % for Ferrous fumarate and the method was found to be specific
Fenugreek Use: Biological Role of Fenugreek in Health of Human Being- A Review:
Get PDFFenugreek is a legume plant used as spices in throughout the world. Fenugreek, scientifically known as Trigonella Foenum-graecum L., is a versatile legume crop with extensive cultivation in India. It holds significant value as an herb, spice, and traditional medicinal plant in the region.Fenugreek, scientifically known as Trigonella Foenum-graecum L., has a rich history of utilization in various traditional and medicinal practices. Its leaves and seeds have been employed extensively for therapeutic purposes, making it an ancient and valued herb. This review intends to provide an exhaustive examination of the scientific literature concerning fenugreek. This encompasses its botanical characteristics and chemical composition. The primary focus of this review centres around fenugreek\u27s medicinal properties, which have been extensively studied and validated through in-vitro, in-vivo, and clinical research. The herb exhibits inclusive beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, gastroprotective actions, anticancer, and anti-analgesic activity. Various bioactive compounds present in fenugreek, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and steroidal sapogenins, contribute to its therapeutic potential. Fenugreek, has demonstrated significant antidiabetic properties in both animal studies and human trials. These effects have primarily been associated with the presence of saponins and its rich fiber content, rather than its main alkaloid component, trigonelline. Notably, fenugreek consumption has been linked to the elevation of plasma insulin levels within living organisms. Additionally, one of its key free amino acids, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, has shown the ability to stimulate insulin secretion when tested on isolated pancreas samples in vitro
A novel physiotherapeutic approach for the treatment of Os Naviculare: A case study.
Get PDFBackground:
Os naviculare in general alters the functional and anatomical balances of the longitudinal plantar arch. A substantial number of the posterior tibialis tendon fibers insert on the accessory ossicle instead of its insertion on tarsal and metatarsal bones resulting in unbalanced stress forces on the tendon. The presence of an accessory navicular type II or type III is a risk factor for PTT tendinopathy and possible PTT tear.
Methodology:
In this single subject case study, the participant reported with the pre-diagnosed Os naviculare. On examination at initial presentation, the navicular tuberosity of the affected foot was prominent as compared to the contralateral limb. The site was tender on palpation.
Ankle range of motion was within normal ranges except ankle dorsiflexion was slightly compromised. Mild pain on active and resisted was noted. Functional tests like star excursion balance test, single leg standing could not be performed due to pain. Pre and post protocol assessment was graded and measured on Cumberland ankle instability tool. The tenderness was recorded using numeric pain rating scale. Star excursion balance test was performed one on 8th day and post protocol. MWM was performed at distal tibiofibular joint on 6 days every week for 3 weeks alongside the conventional regime exercises and ultrasound was applied post treatment session.
Result:
Result of this study suggested that addition of MWM of distal tibiofibular joint in the conservative exercise protocol was effective in the reduction of pain, dysfunction and improved dynamic control.
Conclusion:
The results of this study suggests that the addition of MWM of distal tibiofibular joint alongside conservative management shows appreciable effect in improving dysfunction, dynamic stability and reducing pain in individual with congenital Os naviculare
Social Adjustment And Identity Styles And Their Association With Academic Achievement Motivation (A Study On Karaj Non-Native Students)
Get PDFThis research examines the association of social adjustment and identity styles with academic achievement motivation in non-native Azad University students. This applied research was descriptive and correlational. Its statistical population includes 2000 students of Karaj branch of Azad University. Through Tabachink and Fidel\u27s formula, 200 people were selected by simple random sampling method. Its data collection tools include three Bell social adjustment questionnaires (1961), (BAI), Berzonsky identity styles questionnaire (1989), (ISI-6G) and Kazemi\u27s academic achievement motivation questionnaire (2016). This research was conducted in the academic year 2022-2023. It used two methods of descriptive and inferential statistics in order to analyze the data; as for inferential statistics, it used Pearson\u27s correlation coefficient test and regression analysis. As the results showed, social adjustment and identity styles are associated with the academic achievement motivation (with a significance level of 0.05). There is a relationship between social adjustment and academic achievement motivation (with a significance level of 0.05). There is a relationship between identity styles and academic achievement motivation (with a significance level of 0.05). Social adjustment can predict identity styles and academic achievement motivation. Social adjustment and identity styles can explain the perception of academic achievement in non-native students
Molecular Validation of Two New Species of Auricularia from Maharashtra State of India
Get PDFIn the present study, two new records of non-gilled and jelly macrofungi Auricularia novozealandica and A. srilankensis have been described for the first time from the Maharashtra state of India. Genus of edible macrofungi Auricularia, which can be found as farmed or wild mushrooms. Certain species of Auricularia are used as nutrient-dense foods and medicines, with traditional Asian medicine giving them particular importance. Current study was conducted in 2022 and 2023 from the Madheghat and the adjoining area of Velha region of Maharashtra state. In this study, morphological analysis was carried out using visual observations and microscopic observations of the collected two specimens of the genus Auricularia. The specimens from macrofungal samples were identified based on molecular characters. The specimens were recognized based on morphological characters, the identification and validation were carried out through molecular testing. The DNA was extracted, where tissue was homogenized in liquid nitrogen for two minutes and then genomic DNA was recovered from lysis buffer. The nuclear ribosome\u27s Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region was amplified with reference to ITS1 and ITS4 primers using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Phylogenetics, have shown to be significant aids in accurately recognizing these fungi and have revolutionized fungal reclassification Molecular approaches, including nucleotides sequences of ITS region were characterized and compared with already existed sequences in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). GenBank and relevant literature were consulted to choose reference sequences and an outgroup. The ITS nucleotide sequencing data was used in a phylogenetic analysis to determine the taxonomic placement using BLASTn. After phylogenetic investigation, multiple fungal species were reclassified into other fungi. Accurate identification of the diverse species of fungi requires the use of molecular-based techniques. Thus, understanding macrofungi\u27s biodiversity makes it possible to monitor changes caused by natural and human-caused processes and assess conservation.
 
Protein Engineering Of Bt Genes cry1Ab And cry1Ba For The Development Of Chimeric Genes cryAbabba, cryBabaab And cryAbbaab Via Domain Swapping
Get PDFBacillus thuringiensis is renowned for its production of insecticidal cry proteins, widely utilized in crop protection to combat insects. However, the risk of insect resistance emerges due to the relatively loose binding of toxins to target sites on larvae\u27s midgut brush boundary membranes. This resistance primarily stems from modifications in binding sites within midgut cells. To address potential threats, the discovery of new Cry proteins is imperative as insects continually evolve resistance against existing ones. Combining Cry toxins with diverse binding sites in larval midguts is proposed as an effective strategy to delay the onset of resistance. In this study, three chimeric B. thuringiensis proteins—CryAbAbBa, CryBaBaAb, and CryAbBaAb—were engineered via domain swapping, utilizing crystal proteins CrylAb and CrylB. Structural validation was conducted, confirming their integrity through Ramachandran Plots. The chimeric proteins can be used as additional resources in crop improvement programmes
Cloud Computing In Animal Care Social Infrastructure: A Review
Get PDFCloud computing has become essential in the modern world due to its ability to address various needs and challenges faced by businesses and individuals. Cloud computing accelerates innovation by speeding up the development and deployment of applications through ready-made services and resources. Thus cloud computing provides a dynamic and efficient solution to meet the diverse and evolving needs of today\u27s digital landscape. Cloud computing offers a wide range of benefits across various domains, including healthcare, animal social infrastructure, and beyond. This paper discusses cloud computing, how cloud computing can be used in animal care social infrastructure and challenges of cloud computing
Understanding The Border Disputes Of Northeast India: Special Emphasis On Assam And Its Bordering States
Get PDFThe North East Region of India, comprising Meghalaya, Assam, Tripura, Sikkim, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, and Mizoram, is characterized by a distinctive blend of ethnic, cultural, religious, and linguistic diversity. Connected to the rest of the country via the Siliguri Corridor, also known as Chicken’s Neck, this paper delves into the historical context of conflicts in the region. It assesses various contributing factors such as ethnic diversity, migration patterns, resource allocation, and political interests. Given China\u27s proximity through its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to the Siliguri Corridor, India\u27s attention to this area becomes crucial. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the socio-economic impact of these conflicts and proposes potential strategies for conflict resolution and peace-building efforts. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing border disputes between Assam and neighboring Northeastern states, identifies primary causes of conflict, and offers actionable recommendations for resolutio
Maintaining Family Ties: Legal Perspectives On Children Visiting Incarcerated Parents In India
Get PDFA multifaceted and frequently neglected area of legal and social concern in India is the convergence of children\u27s rights and parental incarceration, especially concerning the rights of children to meet their parents in prison. This research study addresses children\u27s legal rights to visit their imprisoned parents in India. It examines current legislation, regulations, and laws in order to assess their efficacy in safeguarding the visiting rights and welfare of such children. The study emphasizes the necessity of preserving family ties, the psychological effects of parental incarceration upon children, and the steps required to change the current legal landscape. This paper aims to present comprehensive recommendations to reform existing laws by thoroughly reviewing legislation, court rulings, and international best practices
The Influence Of Maternal Infections On Congenital Heart Defect
Get PDFABSTRACT
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) contribute significantly to heightened infant mortality rates. This review explores the intricate link between maternal infections and CHDs, emphasizing diverse factors influencing fetal development, such as bacterial, fungal, protozoan and viral agents. These infections pose reproductive health risks, potentially leading to complications like prematurity, stillbirth and heart defect to the fetus. The TORCH acronym (Toxoplasma, Other infections, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex) identifies infectious teratogens related to congenital issues, emphasizing vertical transmission through the placenta or ascending from the vagina. Rubella and Cytomegalovirus play a significant role in heart defects, particularly when maternal infections amplify CHD risk during pregnancy. Specific scrutiny is placed on Rubella and Cytomegalovirus for their impact on pregnancy outcomes and potential links to congenital heart defects, with preventive strategies discussed, including vaccination and antiviral therapy. The timing and severity of these infections are pivotal in determining their impact on fetal heart development. Environmental exposures and maternal nutrition are critical factors influencing fetal development. Maternal undernutrition in low- and middle-income countries associates with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including congenital heart defects. Emphasizing the importance of maintaining a nutritious maternal diet, rich in essential nutrients, is crucial for improved fetal health and successful pregnancy outcomes. This review offers insights into preventive measures and underscores the need for continued research to enhance prenatal care strategies