Journal Of Advanced Zoology
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Neuroprotective role of agmatine in prenatal acute ethanol exposure induce alterations in rats
Full text linkThe present study investigates the impact of agmatine, a neuromodulator with neuroprotective and anxiolytic properties, on behavioral changes associated with prenatal ethanol exposure in rats. The research focuses on the vulnerability of adolescents to alcohol-related problems and explores the potential link between prenatal alcohol exposure, anxiety, and adolescent alcohol use. The study also delves into the neurotoxic effects of ethanol on social behavior, cognitive function, and emotional regulation. The pregnant (GD12) Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to ethanol 2.5 g/kg, 20% v/v followed by a second i.p. injection of 1.25 g/kg ethanol and administered agmatine, along with its modulators, during adolescence. The results reveal that prenatal ethanol exposure induces behavioral changes such as increased locomotor activity, anxiety, social interaction deficits, and depression-like behavior. Agmatine administration, particularly at doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg, mitigates these effects, indicating its potential therapeutic role. Moreover, agmatine treatment improves recognition memory impaired by ethanol exposure and reduces oxidative stress, emphasizing its neuroprotective properties. In conclusion, the study suggests that agmatine holds promise in addressing the behavioural and neurochemical alterations induced by prenatal ethanol exposure during adolescence. The findings contribute to understanding the potential therapeutic capabilities of agmatine in mitigating the adverse consequences of early alcohol exposure on brain function and behaviour
Deepfake Detection and Reconstruction of the Original Image
Full text linkThis study takes a novel method to addressing the problems faced by false faces created by adversarial networks. The system includes a Fake Face Identification Module and a Generative Image Reconstruction Module that use deep learning techniques. The former correctly recognises falsely manufactured faces, but the latter reconstructs the original images associated with the discovered forgeries. . The procedure entails training advanced deep neural networks on a variety of datasets in order to ensure flexibility against evolving adversarial tactics. The technology improves biometric security, data integrity, and the trustworthiness of facial recognition systems by cross-referencing and recovering legitimate photos in datasets. Identity verification, surveillance, and the preservation of accurate facial picture databases are all potential applications for this projec
Rural Education and Employment Skill Improvement Model Using Artificial Intelligence
Full text linkThis groundbreaking initiative introduces an advanced AI-powered model designed to revolutionize education and employment prospects in rural communities. The Rural Education and Employment Skill Improvement Model is an all-encompassing solution that adapts learning paths using sophisticated AI algorithms, ensuring a personalized approach tailored to the unique challenges faced by rural learners. This model collaborates closely with local educators, leveraging technology to augment traditional teaching methods and bridge the digital divide. At its core, a cutting-edge Learning Management System (LMS) powered by AI integrates various features, including interactive video tutorials, real-time assessments, and a dynamic grading system. The system goes beyond conventional evaluations by employing AI to monitor and prevent cheating during exams, ensuring a fair and secure evaluation process. The multifaceted LMS also includes a job portal, facilitating a seamless transition from academia to the professional arena. Live meeting classes create an interactive virtual environment for real-time engagement, complemented by community discussion chat for collaborative learning. Notably, the project introduces a unique article-creation feature, allowing both instructors and students to contribute valuable content to the educational community. The success metrics of this ambitious project include improved educational outcomes, increased employment rates, and an overall enhancement in community well-being. Serving as a scalable and adaptable solution, this AI-driven model offers a transformative blueprint for leveraging technology to empower individuals in rural areas, paving the way for a more prosperous economic future
Online proctoring with face analysis and object recognition using Yolo
Full text linkTo guarantee academic integrity, the spread of online education and tests has prompted the creation of secure and dependable online proctoring solutions. We present a comprehensive real-time online proctoring system in this study that uses gaze movement analysis, facial aspect ratio assessment, and mouth opening status detection to detect probable cheating behaviours during remote tests. Furthermore, the system uses the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm to detect forbidden goods like as phones and books within the examination area.The gaze movement analysis module monitors students\u27 eye movements during the examination using computer vision techniques such as eye tracking algorithms built in Scipy. The technology may detect instances of prolonged off-screen gazing by analysing gaze patterns, highlighting potential attempts to access unauthorised materials.The facial aspect ratio analysis component calculates the aspect ratio of major facial features using facial landmarks. This method aids in detecting anomalous head motions or changes from conventional facial expressions that may suggest dishonesty.Furthermore, the proctoring system employs mouth opening status detection, which is accomplished through the use of deep learning algorithms, to identify instances of verbal communication or whispering throughout the exam. Our method incorporates the YOLO object detection technique, in addition to gaze and facial analysis, to recognise phones and books in the examination setting. Using a pre-trained YOLO model, the system can detect and flag any unauthorised items in the area of the students. Using a broad dataset of simulated examination scenarios and real-world proctoring instances, we assess the performance of the proposed online proctoring system. The findings illustrate the system\u27s accuracy and effectiveness in detecting potential instances of academic cheating, giving teachers vital insights into student behaviour during remote tests. Finally, our study introduces a novel technique to real-time online proctoring that incorporates gaze movement analysis, face aspect ratio assessment, mouth opening status detection, and YOLO-based object detection. This multifaceted approach helps to improve the integrity and security of remote exams in the digital education era
Response surface methodology used evaluation of the combined influence of pH, sucrose and BAP on in vitro propagation of Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng. (Cucurbitaceae)
Full text linkMomordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng. is a tropical dioecious plant belonging to the family, Cucurbitaceae also known as Gac, baby jack fruit, cochinchin gourd and sweet gourd. The plant is noted for its densely orange fruit, rich in nutrients, especially with 70 times more lycopene content than tomatoes. It possesses medicinal properties and the seeds are used in traditional Chinese medicine called Mubiezhi to treat fluxes, liver and spleen disorders, wounds and hemorrhoids. This study evaluated the effect of combination of pH, sucrose and BAP concentration on in vitro multiple shoot induction response of M. cochinchinensis according to guidelines of design of experiment. For those three factors, Response surface methodology (RSM) using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was chosen and applied to the design matrix. The response shoot number/explant was evaluated by in vitro culture under variable conditions given in the design matrix. The response shoot number/explant was evaluated using in vitro culture under variable conditions given in the design matrix. The outcome of this method is an equation that calculates the shoot number as a function of pH, sucrose, and BAP concentration This study created response surface plots and contour plots for each factor, by analysing each factor\u27s level of influence on the response shoot induction.
 
Evaluation Of The Micronutrient Profile In The Serum Of Diabetes Mellitus Type II Patients And Healthy Individuals With Periodontitis
Full text linkBackground: Diabetes Mellitus Type II (DM-II) and periodontitis are interlinked chronic conditions with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Micronutrient deficiencies have been implicated in both conditions, but the evaluation of their serum profile in individuals with DM-II and periodontitis remains underexplored. Understanding the micronutrient status in these populations could provide valuable insights into their nutritional needs and potential therapeutic interventions.
Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from DM-II patients with periodontitis (n=50), healthy individuals with periodontitis (n=50), and healthy controls without periodontitis (n=50). Micronutrient analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify levels of vitamins (e.g., A, C, D, E), minerals (e.g., zinc, iron, magnesium), and antioxidants (e.g., selenium, glutathione). Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and post-hoc tests to compare micronutrient levels among the groups.
Results: In DM-II patients with periodontitis, serum levels of vitamin C were significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to both healthy individuals with periodontitis and healthy controls without periodontitis. Similarly, levels of vitamin D and zinc were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in DM-II patients with periodontitis compared to healthy controls without periodontitis. However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of other micronutrients among the groups.
Conclusion: This study highlights distinct alterations in the serum micronutrient profile of DM-II patients with periodontitis, particularly lower levels of vitamin C, D, and zinc. These findings suggest the importance of nutritional interventions targeting these deficiencies in managing the comorbidity of DM-II and periodontitis. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanistic links between micronutrient status and the pathogenesis of these chronic conditions
Predating Response Of Chrysoperla Zastrowi Sillemi (Esben-Peterson) On Raya Aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Keltenbach)
Full text linkThe control of insect pests through biological means relies on the ability of natural enemies to prey on pests. This ability, known as the functional response. It plays a crucial role in selecting the appropriate species for biological control programs. In this particular study, the researchers aimed to evaluate the functional response of the third instar grub of C. zastrowi sillemi, a species of lacewing belonging to the family Chrysopidae, towards the aphid Lipaphis erysimi, which infests Raya plants (Brassica juncea). To achieve this, five different densities of aphids were used as Predator: prey ratio (1:50, 1:100, 1:150, 1:200, and 1:250). The results of the study indicated a type II functional curve response, as determined by logistic regression analysis, of C. zastrowi sillemi towards L. erysimi. The Hollings Type II functional response implies that the rate at which the predator consumes its prey increases with increasing prey density, but eventually reaches a plateau despite further increases in prey density. The aphids\u27 consumption, search rate (a`), and maximum predation rate (1/Th) were observed to be lower (19.68, 0.97, and 0.55) in comparison to when grubs were fed on an artificial diet, where they were higher (20.16, 0.20, and 0.59). Nonetheless, the duration required by third instar grubs to handle prey was longer (2.58) when on a natural diet but shorter (2.42) when on an artificial diet
Antibacterial Activity And Cytotoxicity Of Strobilanthes Heyneanus Leaf
Full text linkThe investigation of herbal plants for their antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity has gained considerable interest in recent years due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance and the need for safer alternatives to conventional drugs. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing concern globally, contributing to over 41% of infectious diseases. Herbal extract is found to be more efficient safer, and better quality drugs with improved anti-bacterial activities. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of methanolic extracts of “Strobilanthes heyneanus” leaf against different gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus cereus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis) reference bacterial strains. This study would provide valuable insights into its therapeutic potential, contributing to the development of novel herbal medicines and pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of bacterial infections and cancer. The results indicated that the methanolic extracts of leaves have potential antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activity. Further studies on isolation and chemical structure determination of active compounds from these extracts are necessary for their utilization to treat infections caused by pathogenic and often multi drug resistant bacteria
"Investigating The Relationship Between Gastronomy Business And Quality Of Life: A Study Of Punjab\u27s Culinary Entrepreneurs"
Full text linkThis study delves into the intricate relationship between quality of life and the gastronomic business landscape in the vibrant region of Punjab. With a focus on the culinary domain, the research aims to unravel the nuanced connections between the gastronomic industry and the overall well-being of individuals. Through a comprehensive examination of Punjab\u27s rich and diverse culinary landscape, encompassing traditional cuisines, local eateries, and emerging gastronomic trends, the study seeks to identify how the gastronomic sector contributes to or influences the quality of life for both consumers and those engaged in the business.
Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and observational analyses, the research explores the multifaceted dimensions of quality of life within the context of gastronomic experiences. Factors such as accessibility, affordability, cultural significance, and social interactions will be scrutinised to discern their impact on individuals\u27 overall satisfaction and well-being.
Furthermore, the study aims to uncover insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by those involved in the gastronomic business in Punjab. By understanding the intricate dynamics at play, this research seeks to provide valuable recommendations for stakeholders, policymakers, and entrepreneurs to enhance the quality of life within the gastronomic sector, fostering a more sustainable and enriching environment for both businesses and consumers in Punjab. Ultimately, this exploration of the intersection between the quality of life and gastronomic business in Punjab contributes to a broader understanding of the socio-cultural and economic dimensions that shape our experiences in the realm of food and culinary delight
Advanced Formulation Strategies For Enhancing Solubility And Permeability Of Ritonavir: A Comprehensive Review
Full text linkThis review comprehensively examines advanced formulation strategies aimed at enhancing the solubility and permeability of ritonavir, an essential antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Ritonavir\u27s therapeutic efficacy is hindered by its poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability, necessitating innovative approaches to improve its dissolution properties and gastrointestinal absorption. Through an exploration of various techniques, including solid dispersions, nanosuspensions, complexation, lipid-based formulations, micronization, and salt formation, this review highlights the diverse methodologies employed to address these challenges. Each technique is scrutinized for its efficacy in enhancing ritonavir\u27s solubility and permeability, along with considerations regarding feasibility, scalability, and regulatory approval. Furthermore, the review discusses the potential impact of these formulation strategies on the clinical efficacy and patient outcomes of ritonavir therapy, emphasizing the importance of continued research and development in this crucial area of pharmaceutical scienc