Brazilian Journal of Science
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Infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic aspects for making an intestinal elimination stoma
No full textIntestinal ostomy is a surgical procedure that aims to change the path of effluents by externalizing part of the intestine on the surface of the abdomen. Life habits are factors that contribute to intestinal infections and inflammation, just as cancer is one of the pathologies that most often causes intestinal ostomies. This study aimed to identify, through review research, primary, infectious, inflammatory and oncological diseases that lead to intestinal infections and inflammations, as well as cancer being one of the pathologies that causes the most in ostomized individuals. A bibliographical review study of the literature with a qualitative approach of the descriptive reflective analysis type was carried out. Important points were reached under the influence of Crohn's disease and its relationship with the creation of an intestinal ostomy; Fournier syndrome related to the reason for creating an ostomy, and for colorectal cancer and the creation of an intestinal ostomy. It is concluded that patients with an intestinal ostomy, whether due to inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease, infectious diseases (Fournier Syndrome) or oncological diseases (colorectal cancer), are increasing due to modifiable factors linked to lifestyle, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, morbid obesity and poor eating habits associated with low water intake
Semen characteristics and hormonal profile of Yankasa rams fed a mixed ration of cowpea husk (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and tiger nuts (Cyperus esculentum L.) residue
No full textThirty growing and healthy Yankasa rams were randomly allotted five dietary treatments with six animals per treatment to ascertain the effect of diet on their reproductive potential and hormonal profile. Treatments compared were T1 (cowpea husk 40% + tiger nuts residue 0%), T2 (cowpea husk 30% + tiger nuts residue 10%), T3 (cowpea husk 20% + tiger nuts residue 20%), T4 (cowpea husk 10% + tiger nuts residue 30%), and T5 (cowpea husk 0% + tiger nuts residue 40%). The results of the chemical composition of the diets showed that the dry matter was high for all treatments. The semen characteristics and hormonal profile showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in all the parameters observed but were within normal ranges. However, the group fed a high percent tiger nut mixed ratio had a depreciating effect on semen characteristics, and LH, FSH, and testosterone levels. There is no deleterious effect on the reproductive potential of growing Yankasa rams fed varying levels of cowpea husk and tiger nut residue at the inclusion levels in this study. Hence, it is safe to feed breeding rams the ration mix. However, the authors advise caution of including tiger nuts levels of up to 40% in a mixed ration. further investigation may be conducted with ewes to determine the effect of a mixed ration of cowpea husk and tiger nut residue in reproduction
Cuidado de enfermagem ao idoso com Alzheimer: mini-revisão
Get PDFRole of the nurse in Alzheimer's comes as a health educator, helping in the adaptation and observation of complications, assists in the prescribed therapy, promotes resolution of the emergence of problems, and is responsible for preventing possible diseases. The nurse must take advantage of the therapy in the stages of the disease, which is built on simple communication, calm speech, short sentences, and multisensory research, such as: vision, hearing, smell, ceiling, taste, and hearing. The study aimed to analyze and create a strategy to improve the quality of life of Alzheimer's patients. This is a literature review, which selected articles from electronic databases used as: Brazil Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Science Information (LILACS). Nursing professionals who provide care to this public must be able to create methods of interaction with patients and their families, aiming to develop knowledge, mastery and expanded training. It is concluded that Alzheimer's needs the ability of the nurse to create the project, the research thinking about promising results to promote quality of life for the patient, along with family support.El papel de la enfermera en el Alzheimer viene como educadora sanitaria, ayudando en la adaptación y observación de las complicaciones, auxilia en la terapia prescrita, favorece la resolución de la aparición de problemas y es responsable de prevenir posibles enfermedades. El enfermero debe aprovechar la terapia en las etapas de la enfermedad, que se construye sobre la comunicación simple, habla tranquila, frases breves e investigación multisensorial, como: visión, oído, olfato, techo, gusto y audición. El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar y crear una estrategia para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con Alzheimer. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica, que seleccionó artículos de bases de datos electrónicas utilizadas como: Brasil Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Science Information (LILACS). Los profesionales de enfermería que brindan atención a este público deben ser capaces de crear métodos de interacción con los pacientes y sus familias, con el objetivo de desarrollar conocimientos, dominio y formación ampliada. Se concluye que el Alzheimer necesita de la capacidad del enfermero para crear el proyecto, la investigación pensando en resultados prometedores para promover la calidad de vida del paciente, junto con el apoyo familiar.O papel do enfermeiro no Alzheimer entra como educador em saúde ajudando na adaptação e na observação sobre as complicações, atende na terapia prescrita, promove resolução de surgimento de problemas, e é responsável por prevenir possíveis doenças. O enfermeiro deve aproveitar da terapia nos estágios da doença que é construída por comunicação simples, fala calma, frases curtas e pesquisas multissensoriais, como: visão, audição, olfato, teto, gustação e audição. O estudo teve por objetivo, analisar e criar estratégia para melhorar a qualidade de vida do portador de Alzheimer. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, onde selecionou artigos, a partir de bases de dados eletrônicas utilizadas como: Brasil Scientific Electronic Libray Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informar em Ciência da Saúde (LILACS). Os profissionais de enfermagem que desempenham cuidados com esse público devem estar habilitados a criar métodos de interação com o paciente e seus familiares, visando desenvolver conhecimento, domínio e capacitação ampliada. Conclui-se que, o Alzheimer necessita da capacidade do enfermeiro para criação do projeto, da pesquisa pensando em resultados promissores para promover qualidade de vida ao paciente, juntamente com apoio familiar
A pilot survey on the identification of different deformities and prevalence of cracked eggs in commercial layers’ farms in Ogbomoso metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria
No full textThis research was conducted within Ogbomoso town, Oyo State, to identify the different types of cracks and deformed eggs common in the study area. It highlighted the socio-economic characteristics of the commercial layer farmers, flock characteristics, feed and feeding, veterinary service, cracks and deformed eggs incidence, causes of deformed eggs, and measures to minimize them. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered on 40 identified commercial layer farms that were randomly selected. Data analyses were carried out using frequency counts, pie charts, and percentages. The result of the study indicated that the majority (90%) of the respondents were male with a few (10%) females, and the majority (90%) were Christian with 10% Muslims. The entire respondents attained tertiary education. Seventy-five percent (75%) of the studied farm used veterinary services on their farm and 25% did not. All (100%) of the farms studied experience one type of cracks/deformed eggs or the other. The most common cracks and deformed eggs observed in this research were gross cracks (15.52%), blood spots (13.79), and thin shells (12.93%) while mottled crack (0.86%) was the least experienced crack. The causes of cracks and deformed eggs as indicated by the farmers showed that cracks and deformed eggs were majorly caused by birds’ cages (23.2%), birds (20.3%), and vermin (15.9%), and few were caused by diseases, hormonal changes and during the process of eggs transportation. The major means of controlling cracks and deformed eggs observed in this research were proper handling of the eggs (22.7%), disease prevention (19.7%), and control of rats (19.7%) while the least control measure suggested was the use of antibiotics. Gross crack which resulted in a large hold and broken membrane is the most common egg crack in the farms. The results of this research show that all the farms studied experience cracks and deformed eggs on their farms and different approaches are being used to minimize the effect therefore, farmers need to minimize the occurrence in other to reduce the loss of money through it
Synthesis and characterization of Fe-doped CuO nanoparticles: Catalytic efficiency in crystal violet dye degradation and exploration of electrical properties
No full textIn recent times, environmental pollution has become a pressing issue. Different methods have been developed to detach hazardous materials from H2O bodies. Among these techniques, photo-catalysis has emerged as a low-cost and advanced method. However, finding a potent photocatalyst has been a topic of considerable research. Our study prepared CuO from copper acetate using hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave at 170 ºC for 14 hours. We introduced various quantities of Fe by adding FeSO4 mixture to Cu (CH3COO)2, following the identical method for preparing CuO. The resulting precipitate was cleaned with deionized H2O and dried at 100 °C. The prepared substance was then heated at 450 ºC in a muffle furnace for 60 minutes. We characterized the manufacture of photocatalysts utilizing various techniques such as Ultraviolet (UV), FT-IR, SEM, EDX, and XRD. Our Ultraviolet (UV) spectrum analysis helped us recognize the adsorption spectroscopic analysis of un-doped and doped CuO with various ratios of Fe. FTIR spectroscopic analysis helped us identify functional groups in CuO NPs. Our XRD study showed the monoclinic composition of copper oxide nanoparticles. The SEM picture suggested that NPs exist in a spherical shape. We studied the catalytic activity of synthesized NPs concerning crystal violet (CV) colorant degradation below a direct ray of light irradiation. Our results showed that the degradation productiveness, as compared to CV colorant, was about 93.52% in 180 min. This research is of great importance in the quest for effective and sustainable solutions to environmental problems. The examination of electrical properties highlighted the promising aspects of Fe-doped CuO, particularly at 6% doping. This variant demonstrated superior dielectric parameters, lower tangent loss, semiconductor-like impedance behavior, and enhanced electrical conductivity, emphasizing its potential for applications in electrical and energy storage domains
Chemical characteristics and compatibility of mixtures at different agricultural application rates
No full textTank mixes are widely used to control weeds, fungi, insects, and nematodes to increase the control spectrum. However, little is known about the interactions that may occur due to the different types of formulations and products used. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction and compatibility between different classes of products (herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, biostimulants, foliar fertilizers, and adjuvants) on the physical-chemical parameters of sprays commonly used in farming. The concentration of the sprays was stipulated by adopting a spray volume between 100, 50, and 10 L ha-1 and the dose recommended by the manufacturers. The characteristics evaluated were physical compatibility (presence or absence of flocculation, sedimentation, phase separation, formation of lumps, oil separation, formation of crystals and cream, and foam formation) and chemical compatibility (pH and electrical conductivity). The products tested have different affinities with the adjuvants and it is not possible to generalize the recommendations. The physicochemical compatibility between products of different classes of action and the adjuvants evaluated is dependent on the rest period, with constant agitation being essential before and during application for Glifotal®, 2.4 D®, Smart Trio®, and B-Moly®, in addition to molecular incompatibility separation occurring between 5-30 min after preparation of syrup for 2.4 D®, Smart Trio®, B-Moly®, Fosert®, Glyphosate®, Zethamaxx®, Bravonil®, Engeo®, Completo®, Plant Start®, Smart Cooper®, Manni Plex cal mg®, Manni Plex k® and Smart Zn®. pH also has a strong influence in some mixtures of syrups where flocculation occurred for the products Bravonil®, Engeo®, Completo®, Plant Start®, Smart Cooper®, and Smart Zn®, as well as the formation of lumps due to the concentration for Engeo®, Completo®, Plant Start®, and Smart Cooper®. It is concluded that dosages, homogenization, interactions between molecules of the same or different classes, and physicochemical parameters such as pH and electrical conductivity influence the obtaining of compatible application grouts
Slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and consumer preference of noiler chicken on a diet with cashew kernel waste meal
No full textThe cashew nut industry produces cashew kernel waste meal (CKWM), a nutrient-rich by-product high in protein. CKWM has shown promise as a feed component for laying hens and broiler chickens. This study aimed at determining the slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and consumer preference of noiler chicken on diets with cashew kernel waste meals. 270-day-old noiler chicks were randomly separated into five groups, with six replicates of 9 birds each. The treatment groups (W2, W3, W4, and W5) were fed diets with 5.0%, 10.0%, 15.0%, and 20.0% inclusion of cashew kernel waste meal, while the control group (W1) received a diet devoid of CKWM. The boilers were slaughtered on the 56th (last) day of the study, and their slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and organoleptic attributes were assessed. The outcome revealed that the CKWM in the diets of noiler birds significantly affected (p < 0.05) their slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and overall acceptability. Except for live weight, eviscerated weight, neck, and shank, the results of the slaughter yield showed significant differences (p < 0.05). All organ weights differ significantly (p < 0.05) except the pancreas. All the organoleptic properties except the overall acceptability were not influenced (p > 0.05). Comparing the results obtained with the different inclusion levels, diets with 5.0% CKWM inclusion had higher bled weight, dressing weight, drumstick, breast, and back weight, while up to 20.0% was tolerable for gizzard and spleen weight, abdominal fat, and acceptance. Thus 5.00% CKWM is recommended for improved slaughter yield and while up to 20.0% is acceptable for abdominal fat and consumer acceptance
Cordyline fruticosa leaf powder supplemented in the diet of weaned pigs: effect on growth performance, heamatological and serum biochemical indices
No full textIn Sumitra Research Institute, Gujarat, a total of 50 cross-bred male piglets (Yorkshire × Landrace) with an initial body weight of 9.77 ± 0.06 kg weaned at 28 days were randomly distributed 5 treatments of 10 replicates containing 1 animal each in 60 days’ trial. According to the Nutritional Research Council’s recommendation in 2012, a basal diet was adequate in all nutrients. Pigs in treatment 1 were fed a basal diet without C. fruticosa leaf powder while treatments 2, 3, 4, and 5 were fed the same diet supplemented with C. fruticosa leaf powder at 20 g, 40 g, 60 g, and 80 g respectively. Animals were given unrestricted access to fresh clean water and a completely randomized design was adopted. The experimental result showed that average daily weight gains and average daily feed intake which took the form of 0.29-0.46 kg and 0.68-0.77 kg were higher in the C. fruticosa leaf powder-supplemented group relative to the control (p < 0.05). The treatments significantly influenced the best feed conversion ratio and mortality rate from 1.73-2.34 to 1.0-3.0% (p < 0.05). Haemoglobin, red blood cell, pack cell volume, total platelet count, mean platelet volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell, lymphocytes, and monocytes count follow a similar trend as values were greater in treatment 3, 4 and 5, an intermediary in treatment 2 and lower in treatment 1 (p < 0.05). The treatment significantly influenced total protein, glucose, cholesterol, Calcium, and Phosphorus values (p < 0.05). In contrast, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, sodium, chloride, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase values were similar among the treatments (p > 0.05). In conclusion, Cordyline fruticosa leaf powder can be supplemented in the diet of weaned pigs without causing any negative effect on the growth and health status of weaned pigs
Phyto-assisted synthesis of Silver nanoparticles using Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract and their antibacterial activity: An ecofriendly approach
Get PDFTo meet the increasing demands for commercial nanoparticles new eco-friendly methods of synthesis are being discovered. Plant mediated synthesis of nanoparticles offers single step, easy extracellular synthesis of nanoparticles. We report the synthesis of antibacterial Silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of the medicinal plant, Tinospora cordifolia. The leaf extract was prepared by boiling chopped leaves of Tinospora cordifolia in deionized water for 10 min and filtering the mixture with Whatman filter paper No.1. The filtrate was used as a reducing agent and stabilising agent for AgNO3. On adding 1 mM solution of Silver nitrate to the leaf extract and stirring at 75 °C for 25 min, a change in colour from yellow-brown to brown-black specified the production of Silver nanoparticles. The formation of Silver nanoparticles was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy and further characterization of the synthesized Silver nanoparticles was done by XRD studies. The antibacterial studies were performed on Gram negative and Gram positive pathogens, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, by agar well diffusion method, on Mueller Hinton agar medium. The Silver nanoparticles synthesized from Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract were found to have antimicrobial activity against these Gram negative and Gram positive pathogenic bacteria
Effect of phyto-additives on proximate composition and lipid profile of eggs stored for 6 weeks
No full textThis study was conducted to examine the effect of supplementing layers’ diet with three phyto-additives; Black seeds (BS), African Nutmeg (AN), and Negro pepper (NP) on the chemical composition of stored table eggs. Isa Brown pullets were used and allotted into 7 treatments of 4 replicates with 6 birds each to make a total of 24 birds per treatment in a completely randomized design experiment. The treatments were T1 - control (given antibiotics), T2 - 0.5% BS, NP T3 – 1.0% BS, T4 – 0.5% AN, T5 – 1.0% AN, T6 – 0.5% NP and T7 – 1.0%. Collection of data started eight weeks after the birds were placed on experimental diets; 3 eggs were selected from each replicate to make a total of 12 eggs per treatment. They were stored for 6 weeks before taking to the laboratory for chemical analysis. Eggs from birds given diets supplemented with 0.5% black seed had the highest dry matter (26.79%), crude protein (12.08%), crude fat (11.26%), ash (1.22%) and gross energy (1.47 Kcal/g-1) while eggs of birds on Treatment 3 (0.5% African nutmeg) and Treatment 4 (0.5% Negro pepper) had the highest percentage carbohydrate (3.22 and 3.27%). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in eggs fed diet supplemented with 0.5% black seed and also gave the best high-density lipoprotein. It can be concluded from this study that supplementing layers diet with these phytoadditives enhanced the proximate composition and reduced the total cholesterol of stored eggs