Brazilian Journal of Science
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Comparative yield of maggots and nutrient composition of maggot meal produced from three different substrates
No full textAs part of the effort in developing alternative protein ingredient to reduce the costs of feed associated with livestock production, maggotries were constructed to compare the yield and chemical composition of maggot meal produced from three substrates – poultry dropping, pig, and cattle dung. 150 kg each of poultry droppings, pig, and cattle dung were assigned into three treatments and further divided into 3 replicates of 50 kg each. Three liters of fresh cattle blood (attractant) was added per replicate without stirring. The housefly (Musca domestica) shed its eggs on the blood in the course of feeding which later developed into maggot. The collection of data started 5 days after the emergence of maggots on the substrates. 4.91 kg of maggot was obtained from poultry dropping, 3.53 kg from pig dung, and 0.95 kg from cattle dung. The chemical composition showed that maggot meal produced from poultry dropping substrate is higher in crude protein and crude fat (42.53% and 7.38%) than that of pig dung (40.78% and 6.08%) and cattle dung (41.69% and 6.29%) respectively. The amino acids composition of maggot meal produced from poultry dropping (lysine 0.89%, methionine 0.67%, and tryptophan 0.74%) were also comparably higher than that from pig dung (lysine 0.57%, methionine 0.38% and tryptophan 0.51%) and cattle dung (lysine 0.76%, methionine 0.51 kg and tryptophan 0.68%). However, the microbial load and mineral composition were observed to be higher in maggot meal produced from pig dung than those obtained from poultry dropping and cattle dung. Poultry dropping is of higher yield in maggot meal production, crude protein, crude fat, amino acid composition, and lower microbial load than pig and cattle dung. Although the maggot meals obtained from the three substrates can be used as an alternative protein source, poultry dropping has a higher yield and nutrient profile
Contributos da estomaterapia para assistência de enfermagem a pessoa com Estomia Intestinal
Get PDFStomal therapy is an exclusive specialty of nursing that aims to assist people with stomas, injuries and incontinence, in its preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitative aspects in search of improving the quality of life. The care provided by this professional through the ostomy situation, goes from the moment of its indication to the immediate and late postoperative or outpatient phase aiming at the autonomy and rehabilitation of the patient. To identify through a review of scientific studies the contributions of stomal therapy to nursing care for people with intestinal ostomies. This is a literature review research of a qualitative approach of the descriptive reflective analysis type. The searches were performed in the BVS and Google Scholar databases between February and April, 2023. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were made. Articles were selected that had context with the descriptors presented and with the objective of this study. After the reflective reading, six points were highlighted in a category, which are, respectively: The characteristics of a pole or nucleus of stomized people; Attributions of the stomal therapist nurse; Main difficulties listed by the stomal therapist nurse for assistance to the person with intestinal stoma; Recommendations of the stomal therapist nurse for adherence of the collecting equipment; Materials used for the exchange of the collecting equipment; Main complications arising from the intestinal stoma The Polo of stomized people is of great contribution to the stomized,both for qualifying professionals, providing collecting equipment and adjucent protective materials, as well as providing quality care to the stomized.A estomaterapia é uma especialidade exclusiva da Enfermagem que visa a assistência às pessoas com estomas, lesões e incontinências, nos seus aspectos preventivos, terapêuticos e de reabilitação em busca da melhoria da qualidade de vida. O cuidado prestado por este profissional mediante a situação de ostomia, vai desde o momento de sua indicação até o pós-operatório imediato e tardio ou fase ambulatorial visando a autonomia e reabilitação do paciente. Identificar através da revisão de estudos científicos as contribuições da estomaterapia para a assistência de Enfermagem em pessoas com estomias intestinais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica da literatura de abordagem qualitativa do tipo análise reflexiva descritiva. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados BVS e Google Acadêmico entre Fevereiro e Abril de 2023. Onde foi feito critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Foram selecionados artigos que tinham contexto com os descritores apresentados e com o objetivo deste estudo. Após ser feito a leitura reflexiva, seis pontos foram ressaltados em categoria que são, respectivamente: As características de um polo ou núcleo de pessoas estomizadas; Atribuições do enfermeiro estomaterapeuta; Principais dificuldades elencadas pelo enfermeiro estomaterapeuta par assistência a pessoa com estomia intestinal; As Recomendações do enfermeiro estomaterapeuta para aderência do equipamento coletor; Materiais utilizados para a troca do equipamento coletor; Principais complicações oriundas do estoma intestinal O Polo de pessoas estomizadas é de grande contribuição aos estomizados, tanto por qualificar profissionais, fornecer equipamentos coletores e materiais adjucentes de proteção, como prestar atendimento de qualidade aos estomizados
Cuidados de enfermagem com estomia alimentar e ventilatória: Revisão de literatura
No full textOstomy means the opening of an empty organ through the body. The term ostomy describes the surgical exteriorization of an organ, diverting its usual path. The difference between tracheostomy, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy has to do with the location of the opening. A tracheostomy is an artificial opening made by surgical means or percutaneous dilation in the anterior wall of the trachea performed in critically ill patients to clear the airways and allow gas to flow. Gastrostomy is an opening in the stomach, performed by a physician, in which a silicone tube or probe is placed that is externalized through the skin. Its purpose is to allow feeding and hydration for patients who cannot eat normally. Since the implementation of a gastrostomy imposes a new condition on the individual, and a need to adapt to the current situation, people in this condition may experience negative feelings and reduced levels of self-esteem. This is a descriptive, qualitative study of the reflective analysis type, a narrative review. Articles published in the last five years, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, that addressed the topic were selected and analyzed to acquire greater depth and approximation with the object of study to support the reflections. Four categories were developed: Concepts and definitions of respiratory ostomy: Tracheostomy; Concepts and definitions of feeding ostomy: Gastrostomy; Concepts and definitions of feeding ostomy: Jejunostomy; Main nursing care with ventilation and feeding ostomies. Therefore, the study aims to reflect on nursing care with feeding and ventilation ostomy.Estomia significa abertura de alguma víscera vazia através do corpo. O termo estomia é designado para a exteriorização cirúrgica de uma víscera, desviando o seu trajeto habitual. A diferença entre traqueostomia, gastrostomia e jejunostomia tem a ver com o local da abertura do orifício. A traqueostomia é uma abertura artificial feita por meio cirúrgico ou dilatação percutânea na parede anterior da traqueia realizada em pacientes críticos visando desobstruir as vias aéreas permitindo o fluxo dos gases. A gastrostomia é uma abertura no estômago, realizada pelo médico, no qual é colocado um tubo de silicone ou sonda que se exterioriza na pele, seu objetivo é permitir a alimentação e hidratação de pacientes que não conseguem se alimentar normalmente. Como a concretização da eustomia impõe uma nova condição ao ser, uma necessidade de adaptação à atual situação, as pessoas nesta condição podem apresentar sentimentos negativos e níveis de autoestima diminuídos. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo do tipo análise reflexiva, uma revisão narrativa. Foram selecionados e analisados artigos publicados nos últimos cincos anos, nos idiomas Português, Inglês e Espanhol e que abordassem o tema e no intuito de adquirir maior aprofundamento e aproximação com o objeto de estudo para subsidiar as reflexões. Foram elaboradas 4 categorias, sendo, respectivamente: Conceitos e definições sobre a estomia respiratória: Traqueostomia; Conceitos e definições sobre a estomia alimentação: Gastrostomia; Conceitos e definições sobre a estomia alimentação: Jejunostomia; Principais cuidados de enfermagem com as estomias de ventilação e alimentação. Sendo assim, o estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre cuidados de enfermagem com estomia de alimentação e ventilação
Social organization and division of labor of Mischocyttarus drewseni de Saussure, 1857 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine the behavioral repertoire of the social wasp Mischocyttarus drewseni based on the activities carried out by the founders in the pre-emergence phase and by the queens, workers, and males in the post-emergence phase and decline. Twenty-five colonies were observed, allowing for the identification of the behavioral repertoire. Twenty-eight behaviors were recorded, covering six categories. There is a division of labor between foundresses during the pre-emergence phase and between workers and queens during the post-emergence phase, with males involved in only a few activities. Founders and queens presented a convergent behavioral repertoire. Workers showed the greatest diversity of behaviors, especially about foraging. Exclusively, queens performed the observed acts of oviposition, and M. drewseni queens were more intensely engaged in pulp foraging than workers and founders. Inside the nest, the queens spent more time in the cells or near the comb than the workers. Dominance behavior was more pronounced in foundresses and queens than in workers. These results confirm the behavioral differences between these castes
Effect of different osteogenic media and saline solutions on the osteogenesis protocol using MC3T3-E1 subclones
No full textAdequate laboratory protocols may improve the study of bone tissue and its metabolism. Thus, the use of effective techniques for staining bone cells in vitroand evaluating their function is significant. The cell line used for this purpose was MC3T3-E1, which contains preosteoblasts with mineralization potential. Several osteogenic media are used in the culture of these cells, and a variety of saline solutions are used for washing cultures in mineralization staining protocols and in situ alkaline phosphatase detection. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different osteogenic media in the culture of MC3T3-E1 cells, subclones 4 and 14, in addition to washing with Dulbecco’s phosphate saline solution (DPBS) and Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS) in an alizarin red staining assay and situ alkaline phosphatase labeling via the Fast Red method. The cells were seeded at a density of 1x104 cells/well for 7 and 10 days for the Fast Red assay and 12, 14, and 17 days for the staining of mineralization nodules. The data were statistically analyzed and significance was set for p < 0.05. Data obtained showed that the presence of dexamethasone significantly enhanced ALP detection in subclone 14 osteoblastic cells after 7 and 10 days as well as in subclone 4 cells washed with DPBS after 7 and 10 days when compared to control. Washing with Hanks’ solution significantly increased the quantification of ALP at 10 days and of mineralized nodules in 4 subclone cells after 17 days. Moreover, alizarin red staining improved, resulting in a more intense red color, in the group that was washed with Hanks’ solution for both subclones in all experimental periods. Thus, it is suggested that washing with Hanks’ salt solution is better for in vitro staining of calcium nodules when using the alizarin red method
Monoazo reactive dyes: Synthesis and application on cotton, silk and wool fibers
Get PDFMono azo reactive dyes are mostly used in textiles industries. The current study was developed to synthesize and apply mono azo reactive dyes. The primary goal of this research article is to highlight synthesized dyes with outstanding fixing properties for the dyeing and printing sectors to invent in future. Diazotized o-anisidine was coupled with several 4-amino-4ʼ-hydroxy benzilidene acetophenone cyanurated coupling component including H-acid, Gamma acid, J-acid, N-methyl J-acid, N-phenyl J-acid, K- acid and peri acid, to create a variety of monoazo reactive dyes. IR and elemental analyses were used to describe them. Moreover, the dyeing capabilities of each of these dyes on silk, wool, and cotton have been evaluated. The wet fastness properties also evaluated. Synthesized mono azo reactive dyes have excellent fixation values as well as fastness properties.Os corantes reativos monoazo são usados principalmente nas indústrias têxteis. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido para sintetizar e aplicar corantes reativos mono azo. O objetivo principal deste artigo de pesquisa é destacar corantes sintetizados com excelentes propriedades de fixação para os setores de tingimento e estamparia investirem ainda mais. A o-anisidina diazotizada foi acoplada a vários componentes de acoplamento cianuratados de 4-amino-4'-hidroxi benzlideno acetofenona, incluindo ácido H, ácido gama, ácido J, ácido N metil J, ácido N-fenil J, ácido K e peri ácido, para criar uma variedade de corantes reativos monoazo. Análises elementares de IR e nitrogênio foram usadas para descrevê-los. Além disso, as capacidades de tingimento de cada um desses corantes em seda, lã e algodão foram avaliadas. As propriedades de resistência à umidade também foram avaliadas. Os corantes reativos monoazo sintetizados têm excelentes valores de fixação, bem como propriedades de solidez
Main nursing diagnoses in a patient with traumatic injury of the spinal cord from the perspective of high complexity
Get PDFTraumatic spinal cord injury and sequelae are catastrophic events that adversely affect the victim's functional capacity, and rapid rehabilitation is necessary. Nursing patients with spinal cord injury is essential for the patient's rehabilitation. Nursing professionals offer individualized support according to different levels of complexity to prevent and treat the main complications caused by spinal cord injury. The objective of this study was to verify knowledge about the care of patients with spinal cord injuries undergoing rehabilitation. This study was developed from the virtual databases resident in the Library Research Portal: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); Scientific Electronic Library online (SciELO); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Elsevier. It is concluded that nurses have knowledge of methods and scientific support to care for patients with spinal cord injuries. Their professional qualification provides greater technical competence in activities carried out with victims and facilitates the progression of trauma. Its process has a high contribution to rehabilitation, aiming at care that pays attention to each individual's needs and particularities, helping to face the physical, social and psychological limitations of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries
Interaction of eight steroid derivatives with VEGFR-1 using a theoretical model
No full textSome vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) inhibitors drugs have been used to cancer cells; however, their interaction with VEGFR-1 is very confusing. The objective of this research was to evaluate the possible interaction of eight steroid derivatives with VEGFR-1 surface using 3hgn protein, cabozantinib, pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib as theoretical tools in DockingServer program. The results showed some differences in the interaction of the steroid derivatives (1-8) with the 3hng protein surface such as i) differences in the number of amino acids; ii) different position of some amino acids compared to cabozantinib, pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib. Besides, the inhibition constant (Ki) for steroid derivatives 1, 3, 6 and 8 was lower compared to cabozantinib and sorafenib drugs. In addition, other data display that Ki for steroid analogs 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 was lower compared with pazopanib and regorafenib. In conclusion, all these data suggest that steroid derivatives 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 could act as VEGFR-1 inhibitors and this phenomenon could be translated as good compounds to treat cancer cells
Atividade biológica de um benzeno sulfonamida na pressão de perfusão e na resistência coronariana utilizando um modelo isolado de coração de rato
No full textThere are studies which indicate that some sulfonamide derivatives can produce changes in the cardiovascular system; however, their biological activity on perfusion presure and coronary resistance is not clear. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect exerted by benzenesulfonamide, and their derivatives (2,5-dichloro- N-(4-nitro-phenyl)-benzene-sulfonamide, 2-hydrazino-carbonyl-benzenesulfonamide, 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-benze- ne-sulfonamide, and 4-[3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ureido]-benzene- sulfonamide) on perfusion pressure and coronary reistance. To evaluate the biological activity of benzenesulfonamide and their derivatives on perfusion pressure and coronary reistance an isolated rat heart model was used. Furthermore, theoretical interaction of 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-benzenesul- fonamide with Calcium channel surface was determined using 6jp5 protein, nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil and BayK 8644 as theoretical tools in a DockingServer program. The Results showed that 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-ben- zenesulfonamide decreased perfusion pressure and coronary resistance compared to benzenesulfonamide, 2,5-dichloro- N-(4-nitro-phenyl)-benzene-sulfonamide, 2-hydrazinocar- bonyl-benze-nesulfonamide, 4-[3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ureido]- benenesulfonamide and the control conditions. Besides, theoretical data suggest that 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfo- namide could interact with aminoacid residues such as Glu614 and Ala320 involved in 6jp5 protein surface. This phenomenon could result in an ligand-Calcium channel complex formation to produce a decrease in perfusion pressure and vascular resistance. It is noteworthy that biological and experimental models used in this study is an invaluable research tool for investigating questions across the spectrum of physiologic functions of cardiovascular system such as perfusion pressure and coronary resistanceExistem estudos que indicam que alguns derivados das sulfonamidas podem produzir alterações no sistema cardiovascular entretanto, sua atividade biológica na pressão de perfusão e na resistência coronariana não está clara. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito exercido pela benzenossulfonamida e seus derivados (2,5-dicloro-N-(4-nitro-fenil)-benzeno-sulfonamida, 2-hidrazino-carbonil-benzenossulfonamida, 4-(2-amino- etil)-benzeno-sulfonamida e 4-[3-(4-nitro-fenil)-ureido]-benzeno-sulfonamida) na pressão de perfusão e na resistência coronariana. Para avaliar a atividade biológica da benzenossulfonamida e seus derivados na pressão de perfusão e na resistência coronariana, foi utilizado um modelo isolado de coração de rato. Além disso, a interação teórica da 4-(2-amino-etil)-benzenossulfonamida com a superfície do canal de Cálcio foi determinada usando a proteína 6jp5, nifedipina, amlodipina, verapamil e BayK 8644 como ferramentas teóricas em um programa DockingServer. Os resultados mostraram que a 4-(2-amino-etil)-benzenossulfonamida diminuiu a pressão de perfusão e a resistência coronariana em comparação com a benzenossulfonamida, 2,5-dicloro-N-(4-nitro-fenil)-benzeno-sulfonamida, 2-hidrazinocarbonil-benze-nessulfonamida, 4-[3-(4-nitro- fenil)-ureido]-benenossulfonamida e as condições de controlo. Além disso, dados teóricos sugerem que a 4-(2-aminoetil)benzenossulfonamida poderia interagir com resíduos de aminoácidos como Glu614 e Ala320 envolvidos na superfície da proteína 6jp5. Este fenômeno pode resultar na formação de um complexo ligante-canal de Cálcio para produzir uma diminuição na pressão de perfusão e na resistência vascular. Vale ressaltar que, os modelos biológicos e experimentais utilizados neste estudo são uma ferramenta de pesquisa inestimável para investigar questões em todo o espectro de funções fisiológicas do sistema cardiovascular, como pressão de perfusão e resistência coronariana
Efeito de fertilizantes à base de BioNiK-Phos e Fósforo na produção de girassol híbrido no Norte de Uganda
No full textThe sunflower oil seed industry is one of the promising business sectors in Uganda for both domestic and export markets. Both open-pollinated varieties and hybrids are grown in Uganda. Average yields of open-pollinated varieties in farmers’ fields range from about 750-900 kg ha-1 and hybrids about 2,000 kg/ha. For high production and productivity, sunflower requires fertilizers. The objective of this study was to establish the effects of BioNik-Phos and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizers micro-dosing on yield of sunflower hybrid (PAN 5057) in Northern Uganda in 2021b and 2022a seasons. Field experiments were laid using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications per location in 3 locations in Alebtong District (Abako, Aloi and Angeta). There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in sunflower yields across treatments in all the three locations (Abako: 1,250-3,524 kg ha-1, Aloi: 1,274-3,488 kg ha-1 and Angeta: 1,238-3,369 kg ha-1) in 2021 with or without micro-dosing with BioNiK-Phos and DAP fertilizer. A similar trend was recorded for 2022a season (Abako: 1,268-3,500 kg ha-1, Aloi: 1,357-3,607 kg ha-1 and Angeta: 1,286-3,417 kg ha-1). The effect of DAP fertilizer micro-dosing on sunflower hybrid productivity was three folds in both years. BioNiK-Phos effect was, however, not significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control. This is the first report of the effect of BioNiK-Phos and DAP fertilizers micro-dosing of sunflower in Northern Uganda.A indústria de sementes de óleo de girassol é um dos sectores empresariais promissores no Uganda, tanto para o mercado interno como para o de exportação. Tanto variedades de polinização aberta como híbridos são cultivados em Uganda. Os rendimentos médios das variedades de polinização aberta nos campos dos agricultores variam entre cerca de 750-900 kg ha-1 e os híbridos cerca de 2.000 kg ha-1. Para alta produção e produtividade, o girassol necessita de fertilizantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer os efeitos da microdosagem de fertilizantes BioNik-Phos e fosfato diamônico (DAP) no rendimento do híbrido de girassol (PAN 5057) no Norte de Uganda nas temporadas 2021b e 2022a. Os experimentos de campo foram realizados usando um desenho de blocos completos aleatórios (DBCA) com 4 repetições por local em 3 locais no distrito de Alebtong (Abako, Aloi e Angeta). Houve diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) na produção de girassol entre os tratamentos em todos os três locais (Abako: 1.250-3.524 kg ha-1, Aloi: 1.274-3.488 kg ha-1 e Angeta: 1.238-3.369 kg ha-1) em 2021 com ou sem microdosagem com BioNiK-Phos e fertilizante DAP. Uma tendência semelhante foi registada para a época 2022a (Abako: 1.268-3.500 kg ha-1, Aloi: 1.357-3.607 kg ha-1 e Angeta: 1.286-3.417 kg ha-1). O efeito da microdosagem de fertilizante DAP na produtividade do híbrido de girassol foi três vezes maior em ambos os anos. O efeito BioNiK-Phos, no entanto, não foi significativamente diferente (P < 0,05) do controle. Este é o primeiro relato do efeito da microdosagem de fertilizantes BioNiK-Phos e DAP em girassol no Norte de Uganda