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ACADEMIC RESULTS ATTRIBUTION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON TEACHERS’ MOTIVATION IN THE BUEA MUNICIPALITY, SOUTH WEST REGION OF CAMEROON
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of attribution on the academic results of lower sixth students and its influence on teacher's motivation in secondary schools in the Buea Municipality, South West Region of Cameroon. Specifically, the study sought out to examine the effect of acknowledgement of the academic results of lower sixth students on teacher's motivation in secondary schools in the Buea Municipality and to determine the effects of negative feedback from the academic results of lower sixth students on teacher's motivation in secondary schools in the Buea Municipality. The study employed the descriptive survey research design where 60 teachers were selected through simple random sampling from 3 schools in Buea Municipality. Based on data gathered it was discovered that, acknowledgement from students on their academic results has a significant influence on teachers’ motivation; also, negative feedback has a detrimental effect on teachers’ motivation and lastly, positive feedback from students on their academic results had positive influence on teachers’ motivation in secondary schools in the Buea Municipality. It was therefore concluded that, students’ attributions of their academic results have a significant influence on teacher's motivation in secondary schools in Buea Municipality. Based on the findings, it was recommended that, school institutions should establish a feedback loop where teachers receive constructive feedback from students about their teaching methods and practices. This can help teachers understand how their efforts are perceived by students and motivate them to adapt their teaching strategies accordingly
The influence of teaching on educational wastage in secondary schools of the Littoral Region of Cameroon
Get PDFThe role of education in the growth of any country is so primordial that no one would want to see any lapses in the smooth running of a country’s educational system. The examination of any such lapses is, therefore, very essential. The Cameroon government invests significantly to ensure quality education, but the system still faces various challenges. One of these challenges identified is wastage. This study aims to investigate the impact of teaching on educational wastage in English-speaking secondary schools in the Littoral Region of Cameroon. This objective was then transformed through a research question into a research hypothesis. The study employed a mixed research methodology whereby an explanatory sequential research design was used. The sample population of the study consisted of 568 participants (412 lower sixth students, 112 teachers, 12 vice principals/deans of studies, and 32 heads of department). The research instruments used were the questionnaire, interview guide, and focus group discussion guide. These instruments were validated, and reliability coefficients of 0.743 and 0.768 were respectively obtained for the students’ and teachers’ questionnaires. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically by grouping common ideas or themes together, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented through frequencies and percentages. The hypothesis was tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Findings revealed that teaching has an inverse impact on educational wastage, meaning that better teaching results in lower educational wastage. The study recommended that teaching could be made active and lively through student-centered methods and the use of digital technology while encouraging slow learners through remedial teaching
THE CHRISTIAN UNDERSTANDING OF RELIGION AND THE RELIGIOUS UNDERSTANDING OF CHRISTIANITY: A HERMENAUTICAL TRAJECTORY
Get PDFThis study focuses on examining the divergence between the Christian understanding of religion and the religious understanding of Christianity. The Christian understanding of religion is characterised by internal theological principles and beliefs specific to the faith, which includes but not limited to the divinity of Jesus Christ, the authority of the Bible, and the concept of salvation through faith. This perspective emphasizes practices and rituals central to Christian life, including worship, moral teachings, and community activities. It also encompasses doctrinal frameworks and eschatological views that shape how Christians live out their faith. Conversely, the religious understanding of Christianity involves a broader, external analysis of Christianity as it fits within the global context of world religions. This perspective includes the historical development of Christianity, from its origins in the early Church to its contemporary manifestations. It also involves a comparative study of Christianity’s beliefs and practices relative to other major religions, examining similarities and differences in theology, ritual, and social impact. Employing the methods of critical analysis and hermeneutics approach, this paper also considers the cultural and societal influence of Christianity, including its role in shaping societal norms and its interactions with other religious traditions. Reflecting on these two perspectives, the research aims to provide a view of how Christianity is understood both from within the faith itself and from academic and interreligious perspectives. This dual approach showcases the complexities of religious identity and interfaith dialogue in a nuanced global context
PEACE-KEEPING OPERATIONS IN AFRICA IN THE 21ST CENTURY: AN ASSESSMENT
Get PDFThis study presents a critical overview and analysis of principal events that characterize peace keeping operations in Africa: challenges encountered and prospects towards enhancing their effectiveness. The study observed that between 1947 and 2013, Africa experienced 90 peace keeping operations. Majority of the armed conflicts in Africa attracted peace operations more regularly than the global average with United Nations (UN) consistently being the predominant peacekeeper in the continent of Africa where 33 UN-led operations had been deployed. African contributions to peace operations increased dramatically during the twenty-first century with the continent’s Regional Economic Communities (REC5), with prominently ECOWAS playing major role. The European Union has become a more important peacekeeping actor as part of its Common Defense and Security Policy, thus making strategic partnership in peacekeeping becoming the norm in Africa. It was equally noted that many peace operations in Africa continues to suffer from a “capability-expectations” gap. The study recommended among others, that efforts should be made to sustain the partnerships between the African Union and the UN and EU regarding peace keeping operations in Africa and that stakeholders should endeavour to find a solution to the funding problems for African institutions
Navigating Democratic Governance in Nigeria: The Need for Social Studies Education for Future Clarification
Get PDFThis paper looks at how important Social Studies education is for assisting students in overcoming obstacles to democratic administration in Nigeria. Nigeria suffers from political instability, corruption, ethnic conflicts, and low civic involvement despite gains in democracy. Education in social studies can promote democratic principles, civic awareness, critical thinking, and cultural and political literacy. To improve Social Studies education, the essay suggests curriculum change, teacher preparation, and community participation. Giving citizens the information, abilities, and morals they need to participate in, be inclusive of, and be accountable for democracy is crucial. In order to secure a better future for Nigeria's democracy, this study highlights the necessity of Social Studies education in order to elucidate democratic governance principles and practices
Perceived Effects of Single Parenting on Youths of Ogbia Local Government Area of Bayelsa State
Get PDFThis study was an assessment of perceived effects of single parenting on youths of Ogbia Local Government Area of Bayelsa State. Three research questions were raised as a guide to achieving the main aim of this study. In addition, theory of Functionalist propounded by Emile Durkheim (20th century) was adopted to offer a theoretical base for the study. The descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed to study 393 youths sampled from a population of 267,400 indigenes using multi-staged sampling technique. Instrument was a validated and reliable questionnaire designed in line with the objectives. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and same revealed that single parenting has an overall perceived negative effect on youths’ educational status, moral conducts, and physical development of the area. The effect of single parenting on youths’ educational status includes difficulty in attending university level of education (3.71±0.66), poor academic supervision by parents (3.56±0.19), and low academic status (4.19±0.36). Similarly, the effect of single parenting on youths’ moral conducts were poor etiquettes (3.66±0.35), deviant behaviors (4.28±0.80), and lawless tendencies (3.90±0.14). Lastly, the effects on physical development includes inability to establish cordial relationships (3.12±0.72), economic and financial challenges (3.96±0.68), and lack of meaningful occupation (3.72±0.71). As a result, it was recommended that divorce among parents should be condemned culturally; parents should priotize children education as mandatory; Federal Government should declare free education for indigenes as a nation’s major oil producing zone, member Communities should maintain healthy and harmonious relationship and State attend to indigenes foremost concerning employment and rural development
Assessment of potential heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and phenolic compounds in commonly sold plantains in selected locations in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Get PDFHumans are constantly exposed to pollutants through various pathways including food chain, skin contact, and inhalation. These pollutants, both organic and inorganic pose considerable health risks and concerns to humans. The present study was set out to assess potential heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds present in commonly sold plantains in selected locations in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Fresh plantain specimens from Ekeremor and Tombia, Bayelsa state, Nigeria were collected, identified and assayed for potential organic/inorganic contaminants and phenolic compounds using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) following standard procedures. Data obtained were analyzed using IBM SPSS and results were presented as mean ± SEM. Our findings showed that the levels of chromium, lead, cadmium, and nickel in plantain samples from Ekeremor and Tombia, Nigeria were significantly higher than in the control sample. The most abundant PAHs were acenaphthylene, acenaphthrene, fluorine, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene. Furthermore, the highest concentrations of phenol were found in plantain samples taken from Ekeremor (8.28 ± 0.01). Values obtained were mostly above the limits set by the regulators. This poses possible carcinogenic concerns if consumed for a long time. Hence, effective management strategies are required to mitigate possible associated risks and protect public health
Development of Hybrid Block Integrator for the Numerical solution of Stiff and Oscillatory Differential Equations for first order Ordinary Differential Equations
Get PDFThis paper discussed the development of a new numerical hybrid block integrator for the numerical solution of stiff and oscillatory differential equations for first order ordinary differential equations. The method of interpolation and collocation at some selected grid point to generate the continuous scheme was adopted. The research also investigates the consistency, convergence, zero-stability and region of absolute stability of the integrator using matlab and the integrator was tested on some numerical experiments for comparism. The analysis of the method showed that the method is Zero-stable, consistent, convergent and computationally stable. The method handles stiff and Oscillatory differential equations effectively.
AMS Subject Classification: 65L05, 65L06, 65D3
LOCAL GOVERNMENT ROLE IN THE CONTEXT OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT
Get PDFThis paper examines the challenging role of the local government in tourism development and management. In examining the role of the local government, a certain tourism activity and development in a certain municipality in the Philippines was made the center of discussion as it brings issues and concerns that ripened into a case which is the subject of this study. In situating this study within the context of local government role in tourism management, this paper discovers the tensions at play between local government, other government agencies and the stakeholders. The significance of this study is that it allows a clearer understanding of the role of the local governtment and how to regulate tourism activities and development in a certain tourism place without compromising the same. Case analysis method is use in this sudy in examining the events, concerns and issues surrounding the tourism activities and development
Achievement Orientation and Innovation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
Get PDFThis paper offers a thorough review of the existing literature on the relationship between achievement orientation and innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Drawing on the McClelland Theory of Needs, which stresses the role of achievement motivation in steering individual behavior, the paper investigates how achievement-oriented individuals within SMEs add to innovation efforts. The review studies several dimensions of achievement orientation, as well as the need for achievement, and its influence on promoting innovative thinking and behaviors within SMEs. The findings suggest that individuals and SMEs with a high demand for achievement are most likely to participate in innovative activities such as creating and applying new ideas, taking risks, and vigorously seeking opportunities for improvement and growth. Also, the review underlinesthe importance of creating a helpful organizational culture that encourages and compensatesachievement-oriented behaviors in order to stimulate innovation in SMEs. The implications of this studydraw attention to the significance of recognizing and fostering achievement-oriented individuals within SMEs and applying strategies to influencetheir motivation in nurturing a culture of innovation. This paper contributes to the literature by providing a wide-ranging understanding of the role of achievement orientation in driving innovation within SMEs, and offers practical understandings for managers and policymakers in search of enhancing innovation practices in this context.