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The impact of English-Shona translation of adverts on consumer attitudes in Zimbabwe
Get PDFThis study aims to explore and investigate translation procedures and how linguistic and cultural adaptation affects communication and marketing outcomes on consumer attitudes and behaviors in Zimbabwe.
To answer pertinent questions, the study adopted a mixed-method research design, combining qualitative corpus analysis and quantitative data from questionnaires. Two different questionnaires were administered to different groups, and English-to-Shona translated adverts were collected. The study made use of participant observation and responses from both company representatives and consumers were analyzed. The study is grounded in the Skopos, communicative, and appropriateness theories to understand the interplay between translation strategies and marketing goals. Results of the study revealed that Shona translations frequently employ techniques such as cultural adaptation, modulation, and reformulation to achieve linguistic and cultural equivalence. However, the impact on consumer engagement varies, with 80% of surveyed consumers occasionally influenced by Shona advertisements
TOURISM ENTREPRENEUIRAL PRACTICES AND ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTEPRISES CRAFT-MAKERS IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study investigated the relationship between tourism entrepreneurial practices and economic empowerment of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Delta State Nigeria. It adopted the survey design method; with the population comprising providers of tourism SMEs in the State. A sample of 209 entrepreneurs was drawn from this population using the cluster sampling technique. Primary data was obtained through the administration of a questionnaire measured on a four point Likert Scale. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) coefficient was used for testing the postulated hypotheses. The findings revealed that the dimensions of entrepreneurial practices had positive and significant relationship with economic empowerment measures. The study concluded that there is need for operators of SMEs to be entrepreneurial so as to enable them achieve success in the competitive business environment. Following the conclusion, it was recommended that SMEs within the craft-making tourism sector in the state should take calculated risks in order to enhance and improve their production abilities. They should anticipate future needs and wants of tourists in order to accommodate growing patronage.They should also develop more entrepreneurial skills and competencies as this will help them adapt to the changing environment
REVERSE LOGISTICS AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF PLASTIC MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN PORT HARCOURT
Get PDFThis study examined the relationship between reverse logisticand measures of organizational performance of plastic manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. The study adoptedcross sectional survey design. The organizational scope of the study wereeight (8) functional plastic manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. The choice of these firms were purposively selected out of registered plastic manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt However, the element of the study were the general managers, heads, senior staff and assistants of functional departments in each of the 8 plastic manufacturing firms, totaling 210. Furthermore, krejcie and Morgan sample size Table (1970) was adopted to determine the total sample size from the accessible population. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was the statistical tool used for data analyses, with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The study found that,reverse logistics had a positive relationship with sales growth and market share of plastic manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. This means increased use of reverse logistics contribute to the improvement of performance of plastic supply chains by increasing their product returns over time.The study therefore concluded that for performance of plastic manufacturing to be effective, reverse logistics practices must be in place, or gradually be adopted as a framework of best-practices.It was thus, recommended that, Plastic manufacturing firms should prioritize reverse logistics over any other form of strategic haven shown to have a positive and significant effect on sale growth and market shareand alsoensure that structures are established to encourage reverse logistics in order to make contribution towards firm performance
Protectionism Versus Liberalism in International Trade: Navigating Policy Choices for Africa’s Sustainable Economic Development
Get PDFThis study examines the ongoing debate between protectionism and liberalism in international trade, focusing on their implications for Africa’s economic development. African nations face the dual challenge of fostering domestic industries while integrating into the global economy, making the choice between protectionist and liberal trade policies crucial for sustainable growth. Protectionism, often employed to safeguard nascent industries, can foster short-term industrial development but risks inefficiency and market isolation if overextended. Conversely, trade liberalism promotes competition, foreign direct investment (FDI), and integration into global value chains, yet it may expose vulnerable industries to overwhelming foreign competition. Countries can choose to implement more liberal or protectionist policies. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) represents a hybrid approach, offering trade liberalization within Africa while allowing flexibility to protect strategic sectors. Using a blend of recent literature and case studies, this study explores how a balanced trade policy—combining selective protectionism with elements of liberalism—can enhance industrial growth, innovation, and competitiveness across in African economies. The study underscores that no single approach; protectionism or liberalism is universally applicable or inherently bad; rather, trade policies should be tailored to each country’s unique economic context and development stage. Furthermore, African nations should adopt a protectionist stance initially to safeguard emerging industries and develop their competitiveness before pursuing a liberal approach to world trade. Alternatively, they could adopt a protectionist stance in certain economic sectors while maintaining a liberal stance in others to maintain competitiveness in those vital sectors that are crucial to Africa's development. Ultimately, AfCFTA presents a viable framework for advancing Africa’s economic integration and positioning the continent more strategically in global trade
Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the Translation Profession in Nigeria
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the impact of AI on the translation profession with a focus on the social behavioral changes towards its practitioners, and the potential opportunities that AI presents for the future of translation in Nigeria. The study is based on the premise that human translators may lose their relevance, visibility, perception, consideration, and overall professional status before translator employers or clients due to the proliferation of AI tools in the Nigerian translation market. The objectives are to (1) determine the current place of human translators in Nigeria, (2) identify, analyze, and describe the impact of AI on the Nigerian translation market, and (3) identify emerging roles, skills, and competencies of this era and to propose adaptive measures to the stakeholders. The study draws data from observation, 52 questionnaires and 8 interviews administered to translators and clients backed up by the Theories of professionalization, AI job replacement theory, and de-professionalization theory. Findings revealed that the Nigerian translation market is transitioning into an AI-human collaboration as most organizations use AI to carry out their translations, pricing is now disorganized and unregulated as clients believetranslators get help from AI. Findings also showed that AI will not replace human translators as more organisations still employ human translators. The research thus recommends that translators must diversify their competencies in other fields to help them stay afloat, enhance their soft and technological skills, and create a specialized niche of expertise. On the other hand, to the other key players in the industry (the schools, NITI association, and policymakers) the study recommends a fruitful collaboration that will involve, reviewing the translator training curriculum to include present-day trends and promoting policies that will further regulate the market and use of AI tools
Perspectives on Celebrity Endorsements in Electioneering Political Advertising in Nigeria (1999-2023)
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this study is to examine the concept, forms, prospects and challenges of celebrity endorsements in political advertising in Nigeria.
Conceptual Framework: In this topic, the main concepts that underpin the study are presented. The preponderance of celebrity endorsements in electioneering political advertising, nature, and approaches stand out, providing a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation.
Method: The methodology adopted for this study comprises a longitudinal design involving content analysis of literature on celebrity endorsements and political advertising and observation of political campaigns/advertisements involving celebrity-endorsers in Nigeria from 1999 to 2023.
Results and Conclusion: The results revealed that celebrity endorsements of candidates/parties in political advertisements in Nigeria have increased since the return to democracy in 1999. These endorsements are mostly theme songs, video clips and physical presence in campaign rallies/concerts and helped to gain voters’ attention, inject excitement into the campaign, aid message recall and give the political advertisements strong appeals. However, some of these endorsements fail because some voters perceive them as mere entertainment, distraction from core campaign issues and waste of money among others.
Research Implications: The implications of this study are discussed, showing how the results can be applied to influence how candidates/parties, celebrities and the public perceive celebrity endorsements in electioneering political advertising in Nigeria.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing insights into the preponderance, forms, prospects and challenges of celebrity endorsements in political advertising in Nigeria and recommends how the practice can be improved
CREATIVE ACCOUNTING AND FIRM VALUE OF LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThe study delved into the intricate dynamics of creative accounting practices and their impact on the firm value of listed manufacturing entities in Nigeria over the period spanning from 2011 to 2021. Drawing upon a comprehensive dataset compiled from the annual financial statements of quoted manufacturing companies, the research employed a rigorous analytical framework utilizing various statistical techniques within the Eviews9 software package. Through meticulous data analysis, including unit root tests, panel cointegration tests, Bayesian error correction models, panel ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions, and Granger causality tests, among others, the study unearthed compelling insights into the interplay between creative accounting maneuvers and firm valuation metrics. The findings revealed a mixed relationship between the variables under scrutiny, both in the short and long run. Notably, the study underscored a significant association between the employed variables and innovation accounting practices, emphasizing their pivotal role in driving organizational transformation towards heightened growth and productivity levels. In conclusion, the study elucidated that, with the exception of certain variables, such as DAC and RPT, which exhibited positive coefficients indicative of movement towards enhanced firm value, as measured by the Price to Earnings ratio. This observation aligns with the a-priori expectations posited at the outset of the research endeavor. Based on the findings, the study advocates for strategic interventions aimed at bolstering the efficacy of creative accounting practices within Nigeria's quoted firms. Specifically, it recommends ongoing training and re-training initiatives targeted at enhancing staff competencies in the judicious application of creative accounting techniques in financial reporting. Such initiatives are envisioned to catalyze improvements in key performance metrics, including return on equity, assets, and earnings, thus fortifying the overall financial health and market positioning of Nigerian manufacturing enterprises
CONSUMER LEGAL PROTECTION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PRICING IN FOOD STALLS IN THE CITY OF SAMARINDA
Get PDFTo guarantee the implementation of consumer protection, the government has included consumer protection in a legal product, namely the Consumer Protection Law, because only the law has the power to force business actors to comply and also has strict sanctions. Business actors who offer goods and/or services intended for trading are prohibited from offering, promoting, advertising, or making false or misleading statements regarding the price or rates of goods and/or services. This research aims to find out and analyze price listings at food stalls in Samarinda City; and the legal consequences and responsibilities of food stall business owners who do not include prices. Research is normative juridical research, which is a scientific activity related to analysis and construction carried out methodologically, systematically, and consistently which is focused on studying the application of rules or norms in positive law. The research results show that: (1) the provisions for price inclusion as regulated in the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Trade Decree No. 35/M-DAG/PER/7/2013, 2013 concerning Listing of Prices for Traded Goods and Services Tariffs. Every business actor who trades goods at retail and/or services to consumers must state the price of goods or service rates clearly, easily read, and easily seen; and (2) The dimensions of legal protection for consumers can cover various aspects and can be carried out using various instruments, namely civil law instruments, criminal law instruments and also administrative law instruments. Therefore, violations by business actors of food label provisions can be subject to civil, criminal, and administrative liability or sanctions
The Impact of Good Governance on Socio-Economic Growth in Djibouti
Get PDFDjibouti is a small, low-income country that faces significant governance challenges. Despite efforts to improve governance, Djibouti remains among the lowest-ranked countries globally in terms of political freedom and transparency. The relationship between governance and economic growth in Djibouti is not well studied. This study aimed to examine the impact of good governance on economic growth in Djibouti. Specifically, it analyzed the effects of political stability, institutional quality, and corruption on economic growth. The study utilized a quantitative, regression analysis approach. Secondary data on governance indicators and economic growth in Djibouti over 36 years (1987-2022) were gathered from World Bank sources. Political stability, institutional quality, and corruption were the independent variables, while GDP per capita was the dependent variable. The findings showed that political stability and reduced corruption significant positive impacts economic growth in Djibouti. However, contrary to expectations, improved institutional quality appeared to retard growth. Together, the governance variables explained over 50% of the variation in GDP per capita. The study provides important insights into the drivers of economic growth in Djibouti. The results highlight the need to promote political stability and combat corruption. However, strengthening institutional capacity may not spur growth in the short term. The findings have implications for policymakers seeking strategies to improve governance and accelerate development in Djibouti. Further research is needed to understand the unexpected institutional quality effects better
ETHICAL DECISIONS AND EMPLOYEES’ EFFICIENCY OF HOTELS IN LAGOS STATE
No full textThe relevance of the hotel industry as an instrument for economic generation in countries cannot be over-emphasized. Despite its importance, hotel industry in Lagos State is facing a variety of challenges that are ethically based. Managers of the hotel industry in Lagos are seen to embraces unethical communication, not keeping to employees’ right, practicing organisational injustices, embracing unethical leadership, and training among others. These unethical practices has undermining effects on employees’ efficiency. Studies that examine the link between dimensions of ethical decisions on employees’ efficiency in the hotel industry in Nigeria, particularly in Lagos State, have not been reported.The above mentioned practical and theoretical gaps are the justification for this study. The research population comprised the 792 registered hotels in Lagos State out of which 63of the hotels selected through systematic random sampling. Taro Yamane formula was used to determine the sample size of 330 staffs out of 1,624staffs in selected hotels in Lagos State. Structured questionnaires were used to collect the data, and analysed using Multiple Regression. The tested hypothetical relationship between dimensions of ethical decision on employees' efficiency shows that all the four dimensions of ethical decisions has positive and significant relationship with employees’ efficiency. It is concluded that the practices of ethical communication; organisational justice; ethical leadership; and ethical training are therapies for employee efficiency in the hotel industry