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Effects of Imitation Therapy for Non-Verbal Children with Autism in Zambia
Get PDFAs infants develop, the skill of imitation typically emerges. This skill serves an important cognitive and social function in a child’s development (Ingersoll, 2011) and is essential for the development of language. Unfortunately, many children with autism (CA) have demonstrated deficits in imitation skills, and they show a general failure to understand relationships and communicate (Heinmann et al., 2006). Some initial studies have suggested that teaching the skill of imitation to CA leads to improvements in their social functioning, language, joint attention, and spontaneous gesture use (Ingersoll, 2008; Ingersoll & Schreibman, 2006). A specific imitation therapy intervention developed by Zedler (1972) resulted in increased verbalizations for non-verbal children who did not imitate (Gill et al., 2011). Unfortunately, there is no data to demonstrate that this technique has been used with children in Zambia, and, in fact, there is very little data or research on treatment of non-verbal CA in Zambia (Kabali et al, 2019; Nyoni & Serpell, 2012). This study attempted to ascertain preliminary data on the treatment of CA in Zambia. It involved utilization of imitation therapy with three young children with suspected autism who were non-verbal. Effectiveness of the intervention was measured by counting the changes in the number of different phonemes, the total utterances, the number of non-verbal imitations, and the number of reciprocal verbal imitations produced by the children. For these three children, the intervention resulted in significant changes in all areas. This preliminary study suggests that imitation therapy may be an effective intervention for non-verbal CA in Zambia
Co-curricular activities and students’ adaptation in large secondary school environment in the South West region of Cameroon
Get PDFThis study was designed to examine co-curricular activities on students’ adaptation to secondary school environment in the South West Region, Cameroon. The study sought to examine the influence of co-curricular activities on students’ adaptation to secondary school environment. The concurrent triangulation design was used in the study. The population of the study comprised of all secondary school students and principals in all private, public and confessional schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The target population comprised of all students and principals of private, public and confessional secondary schools in the South West Region with a population of over a thousand. The accessible population comprised of form four students and principals of 21 schools with a population of over a thousand. The purposive sampling technique was used for selecting the schools and principals. The sample population was made up of 375 students and 21 principals from 21secondary schools with a population of over a thousand. The purposive sampling technique was used to select schools as well as to sample principals. An interview was used to collect data from principals while questionnaire was used for students. Content and face validity for both questionnaire and interview were ensured. To ensure that the questionnaire was reliable, a pilot study was conducted and was calculated using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient, while to ensure reliability of the interview, a tape recorder was used. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between co-curricular activities and students’ adaptation to school environment with a value of (R=0.949) co-curricular activities have both positive and negative influence on students’ adaptation to school environment. Co-curricular activities have a significant positive influence on students’ adaptation to school environment. Therefore, it was recommended that: co-curricular activities should appear on the curricular giving it adequate time and providing enough space to accommodate all the students in each school
The role of community participation in development planning at the Dadi Mulya village office, Samarinda City
Get PDFThis study aims to determine how big the role of the community is in development planning in Dadi Mulya Village, Samarinda City. The methodology used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study indicate that the community has a very strategic role in development planning in Dadi Mulya Village, Samarinda City. There are four roles given by the community, namely in making development plans, determining development plans, controlling the implementation of plans and stages of plan evaluation. With these four roles, development in Dadi Mulya Village can run well and plans are made according to the needs of the local community
Le Récit et ses pouvoirs d’agentivité dans La Ficelle de Maupassant
Get PDFThis article proposes an analysis of the narratives in the realist short story La Ficelle by Guy de Maupassant. A focus on the opening story of the town crier is convenient. Indeed, the examination focuses precisely on the relationships of force that link the two competing narratives; the collective narrative and the individual narrative. The first refers to the guilt-inducing discourse of the peasant community accusing M. Hauchecorne of stealing the lost wallet. The second that of the main character designates the defensive narrative that takes the form of a plea for social rehabilitation. The diagnosis essentially aims at the structural and structuring functioning of the two narratives and their social and psychological implications on the intimate being of M. Hauchecorne; scapegoat of the collective discursive consciousness
Analysis of public service quality in the Minute Count Service System (SI PAHIT) in the Population and Civil Registration Service of Samarinda City
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the quality of public services through the implementation of the Minute Count Service System (SI PAHIT) at the Population and Civil Registration Service of Samarinda City. The approach used is a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data from various sources such as interviews, official documents, and field observations. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of SI PAHIT can increase the speed, efficiency, and ease of access to population administration services, such as the processing of Identity Cards, birth certificates, and family cards. Although this system is highly appreciated by the public, several obstacles are still found, such as limited technological infrastructure, network disruptions, and lack of public understanding of this application. User data privacy has been guaranteed through an adequate security system, and the responsiveness of officers in providing services is considered by public expectations. However, obstacles such as limited human resources and coordination with related agencies are still challenges. This study recommends increasing server capacity, regular officer training, socialization with the public, and routine supervision and evaluation to ensure the sustainability and improvement of the quality of public services through SI PAHIT
A REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTHCARE DELIVERY IN NIGERIA
Get PDFSocial work has a key role to play in healthcare delivery in Nigeria. It addresses diverse social issues that impact individual’s health and well-being. Social work, as a profession, plays a crucial role in addressing social and psychological determinants of health, promoting social integration, and enhancing societal wellbeing in the context of healthcare delivery in the country. Therefore, this paper focuses on the role of social work in Nigeria’s healthcare delivery. The specific objective of this paper included a look at social work as a profession and the challenges to the role of social work in healthcare delivery in Nigeria. Secondary sources of data were reviewed and content analyzed while the functionalist theory was utilized to buttress the paper. The paper revealed that, social workers are key players in the inter-disciplinary team of healthcare because not all illnesses require medical solutions. Some illnesses require social diagnosis and social solutions, which social workers are trained to handle and social workers in healthcare delivery play core roles in ensuring an effective and efficient health care service delivery system to meeting the social determinants of health. It was therefore recommended that: there should be constant workshops for all health professionals on what social work stands for. The management of health facilities should employ people with qualified certificates in social work to practice in the hospital settings which will enhance the quality of service
Prevalence of Eye Diseases in Agbor, Ika L.G.A, Delta State
Get PDFDiseases that cause visual impairment are known to significantly alter the quality of life of the individual but public awareness could help subjects seek intervention and prevent avoidable blindness.Prevalence estimates indicate the burden of visual impairment at a defined location at a point or period. Accurate prevalence estimates are needed to plan for availability of health care services, associated monetary costs, and quality of life connected with having the condition. This study aimed at determination of the prevalence of eye diseases in Agbor, Ika L.G.A, Delta State, Nigeria.The study was descriptive and simple random technique was used for selection while the sample size was one 940 patients. Patients who visited the Ophthalmology Department (including the Optometry Unit) within a period of one year, represented the study population while patients diagnosed of eye disease were recruited as sample size.Study showed the prevalent of the eye disease in the following order, Bacterial conjunctivitis (19.30%)> cataract (16.56%)> glaucoma (10.83%)> astigmatism (10.59%)> hypertensive retinopathy (10.59%)> allergic conjunctivitis (6.10%)> presbyopia (5.60%)> myopia (4.73%)> foreign body (4.23%)> uveitis (3.36%)> retinopathy (2.74%)> maculopathy (1.62%)> chorioretinitis (1.25%)> hyperopia (1.00%)> diabetic pterygium (0.62%)> corneal Abrasion (0.50%)> aphakia (0.37%). Furthermore,the percentage of occurrence calculated revealed that eye diseases were more prevalence in females (51.52%) when compared to males (48.44%) in present study. Conclusively, the awareness of the prevalent of eye diseases within Agbor community revealed that conjunctivitis is the most prevalent
Assessing Climate Change Sensitivity and Adaptation Practices of Large and Small Farms: A Case Study from Northern Nigeria
Get PDFINTRODUCTION
Climate change is recognized by today’s world as the most important environmental problem affecting humanity. It refers to a serious and continuous change in weather pattern. It is largely attributed to the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and water vapor by humans. This led to extreme and violent weather events which manifest as warmer temperatures, heavy rainfall, drought, floods and cyclones (Robinson, 2024). One of the most vulnerable sector is agriculture. Findings from many studies showed evidence of rise in temperature and changes in the intensity of rainfall across Nigeria (Chiaka et. al., 2022; Farauta et. Al., 2011). It was forecasted that temperature will rise by 1.5 0C to 2.5 0C in the 21st century and there will be a general slight increase in rainfall across different parts of the country. In the current scenario most part of northern Nigeria which is arid is characterized by high temperature, low rainfall and water shortage, scanty vegetation and marginal land.
Although the region has vast land and holds great potential for agriculture, its geographical location makes the area more vulnerable to the impact of climate change and poses a serious threat to food production (Moses- ojo et. al., 2023).
Agriculture is the dominant sector in the Nigerian economy; it contributes 25.59% to GDP in 2024 and employs a significant percentage of the labor force. It is the main source of food and raw materials in the country. However, agriculture in Nigeria like many African countries is vulnerable to the impact of climate change. Estimate of damage from scientific studies due to the impact of climate change on agriculture for Nigeria was projected to reach up to 1.5% to 3% of GDP each year by 2030; it will also lower crop yield by 5% to 25% by 2050 (Bosello et. al., 2013; Bello et. al., 2012). Other important changes are also affecting the agricultural environment and will certainly continue to 2050 unless successfully addressed. The impacts of climate change worsen pre-existing social inequalities specifically for farmers who are more vulnerable because of limited access to resources and because their livelihood depends on agriculture and natural resources, which are highly susceptible to climate variability (Amos et. al., 2021; Chimi et. al., 2022).
To lessen the adverse impacts of climate change, local farmers have to adjust to harsh weather conditions and have already developed coping strategies over time. If Nigeria is to meet the challenge of feeding an additional 1.6 billion people by 2050, an integrated approach to addressing climatic changes that have negative impacts in the agricultural environment is essential. It is imperative that smallholder farmers who produced the bulk of the food in Nigeria adapt their farming practices to help negate these and other projected negative impacts (Mathieu et. al., 2024). The uptake of these innovative practices and technologies, nonetheless, depends on individual characteristics, inequalities in household capital endowment and access to rural services including climate and agricultural information as well as gender. The main variables used for the analysis of the study were divided into climate variables, which include temperature and rainfall, and the non- climate variables which are soil, relevant socio economic variables
Brazilian Case on Civil Construction Works Negotiation: Clinic Expansion
Get PDFThe article describes a family business negotiation in Brazil. The bakery faced management and organization problems due to its family nature, lack of professional management, and 24/7 operations. The business faced issues such as centralized management, high employee turnover, high maintenance costs, emotional issues, stress, lack of schedules for family life, and the matriarch's health depletion, worsening family relationships. This work presents the negotiation's outcome and discusses best practices to solve issues without jeopardizing family ties
L’ENSEIGNEMENT DU FRANÇAIS A L’AIDE DU PIDGIN NIGERIAN
Get PDFThe teaching of French as a foreign language can be done in Nigerian Pidgin. This task is possible through the Grammar-Translation Method since Nigerian Pidgin is a national language here. Given that many Nigerian children use pidgin as their mother-tongue, it would be possible for us to teach and learn French with it. While supporting ourselves with Noam Chomsky’s phrase structure Rules and Robert Lado’s Contrastive Analysis Theory, we were able to juxtapose sentences in the two languages to enable teaching and learning French.Some findings were made, conclusions drawn and recommendations offered. Pidgin should therefore be taught by parents at home and teachers in nursery school.
Résumé
L’enseignement du français langue étrangère au Nigeria peut être faite par la langue appelée Pidgin Nigerian (Nigerian Pidgin) cette tâche sera possible par la méthode de grammaire-traduction car le pidgin est une langue nationale au Nigéria. Étant donné que plusieurs enfants nigérians ont le pidgin comme langue maternelle, il serait utile d’enseigner et d’apprendre le français avec elle, c’est-à-dire, comme notre code d’enseignement et apprentissage. En s’appuyant sur quelques théories syntaxiques de Noam Chomsky et l’analyse contrastive de Robert Lado, nous allons montrer comment enseigner le français en Pidgin Nigérian. Le pidgin doit être enseigne aux enfants au foyer et a l’école maternelle.
Keywords: L’enseignement, le français, le pidgin nigérian, l’anglais and apprentissage