GPH International Journals
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Study of housing and residential area implementation in West Kutai Regency
Full text linkThe government has a very important role in providing and giving housing and residential area facilities and assistance to the community through the implementation of housing and residential areas. The state is responsible for protecting all Indonesian people through the implementation of housing and residential areas so that people can live and occupy decent and affordable houses in healthy, safe, harmonious, and sustainable housing throughout Indonesia. In its implementation, several problems/factors caused the implementation of housing and residential areas to not run as expected. The purpose of this study is to examine the problems and efforts that have been made by the West Kutai Regency Government in the field of Housing and Residential Area Implementation. The study used legal research methods, namely by conducting Normative Juridical and Empirical Juridical legal research. The results of the study indicate that the problems of organizing housing and residential areas in West Kutai Regency are: (a) there is no Regional Regulation governing the Organization of Housing and Residential Areas; (b) the limited authority of the Housing, Residential Areas, and Land Service in organizing housing and residential areas in handling very complex settlements such as the fulfillment of basic clean water, sanitation infrastructure, and electricity networks; (c) the vast area of West Kutai Regency and the spread of residential areas resulting in a wide service coverage area, but few beneficiaries, this causes the cost value to increase but the beneficiaries do not match the value spent; (d) There are no regulations related to the West Kutai Regency Settlement Area Plan and related documents are still in process; and (e) There are no regulations regarding the development of residential housing in river/lake banks and building requirements that must have sanitation; Efforts made by the West Kutai Regency Government in the Implementation of Housing and Settlement Areas, namely: (a) providing assistance for the rehabilitation of residential housing with funds originating from the APBN, APBD, Province and APBD; (b) it is necessary to stipulate Regional Regulations on the Implementation of Housing and Settlement Areas to be a guideline for the regional government in carrying out government affairs in the field of housing and settlement areas; (c) facilitating, providing assistance and convenience to the community in providing housing along with supporting facilities and infrastructure, and (d) empowering the community in preventing the growth and development of slums is carried out through assistance and information services
Product mediation and innovation and creativity: Global business prospects of manufacturing small and medium enterprises in South-East, Nigeria
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to find the relationship between product mediation and innovation and creativity in the South-East region of Nigeria. This is a desk research and the researchers used secondary data from other journal articles, books, other internet publications, and the empirical views of other researchers which were extensively reviewed. The theoretical findings in line with the reviewed literature revealed a significant relationship between product mediation and Research and Development Investment and also a significant relationship between product mediation and employee engagement. Therefore, the study recommended that SMEs should adopt the use of R&D investment so as to roll out products that can compete with others
Employee Empowerment and Organizational Performance in Small and Medium Enterprises
Full text linkThis quantitative study examines the relationship between employee empowerment and organizational performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in Palompon, Leyte, Philippines. A structured survey was administered to 50 SME owners and employees, assessing key dimensions of empowerment—such as autonomy, participation, and access to resources—and their associations with organizational outcomes, including productivity, efficiency, innovation, customer satisfaction, and financial performance. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation analysis were employed to evaluate the strength and significance of these relationships. The results reveal consistently strong positive correlations between employee empowerment and all five performance indicators, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.75 to 0.87 (p < 0.01). These findings confirm that empowered employees make a significant contribution to improved organizational outcomes and operational effectiveness. The study reinforces existing literature on the value of empowerment practices in enhancing firm-level performance and provides empirical evidence from a developing economy context. It also underscores the potential of empowerment as a strategic human resource intervention for SME growth, particularly in environments with limited resources. The results offer practical implications for SME managers, policymakers, and development practitioners aiming to foster competitive, resilient, and innovation-driven enterprises. Future research may investigate causal pathways and longitudinal effects to validate further the linkage between empowerment and performance across various sectors and geographic contexts
Safe Termination of Pregnancy in Southwest Nigeria: A Critical Review of Legal, Policy, and Health System Challenges for Reform
Full text linkBackground: Unsafe abortion contributes significantly to Nigeria’s high maternal mortality rate, estimated at over 1,000 per 100,000 live births, with Southwest Nigeria facing persistent challenges despite advanced healthcare infrastructure. Restrictive laws, policy gaps, and sociocultural stigma drive clandestine procedures, exacerbating maternal morbidity.
Objective: This narrative review critically examines legal, policy, and health system barriers to safe pregnancy termination in Southwest Nigeria, proposing reforms to enhance maternal health outcomes.
Methods: A narrative review was conducted, synthesizing data from peer-reviewed articles (1990-2025), WHO/UNFPA documents, Nigerian laws, court rulings and anecdotal reports. Thematic analysis focused on legal frameworks, policy implementation, health system capacity, and sociocultural factors, with a specific emphasis on Southwest Nigeria.
Key Findings: Nigeria’s Criminal and Penal Codes restrict abortion to life-saving cases, pushing 45% of abortions into unsafe settings (WHO, 2024). The suspended Lagos 2022 Guidelines offered progress but faced backlash. The 2025 ECOWAS Court ruling highlighted Maputo Protocol obligations, yet non-domestication stalls reform. Limited provider training, inadequate primary health center infrastructure, and stigma hinder access, particularly for adolescents. Community resistance and weak data systems further complicate reform efforts.
Conclusion: Legal reform to clarify indications, state-level guidelines aligned with WHO standards, and integration of safe abortion into reproductive health services are critical. Capacity-building, improved data collection, and community engagement with faith-based groups can reduce stigma and enhance access, positioning Southwest Nigeria as a model for national reform. With resolute political leadership, Southwest Nigeria can pioneer national reform, ensuring equitable, safe reproductive healthcare
Beyond the Courtroom: A Negotiation Analysis of a Long-Term Distribution Contract Dispute in Brazil
Full text linkThis paper examines the use of negotiating strategies in a complex conflict between two businesses following the sudden cancellation of a 22-year commercial distribution contract. The parties engaged in a protracted dispute spanning fifteen years and finally reached a compromise. This paper emphasizes the importance of effective negotiating techniques in achieving a mutually beneficial outcome. It examines the case using features such as a Type II negotiation. The case demonstrates how a well-organized negotiating strategy can help parties avoid prolonged litigation, reduce lawsuit expenses, and reach a reasonable conclusion
ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURES PRACTICE AND GROWTH OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Full text linkDespite the grwoing recognition of the importance of environmental sustainability, many firms in Nigeria's industrial goods sector continue to lag behind in terms of environmental disclosure practices. This study examined the relationship between environmental disclosure practice and firm’s growth of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was used and panel data covering ten (10) years (2014-2023) alongside across thirteen (13) listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis via E-views 10.0 statistical package. The study findings revealed that biodiversity disclosure has non-significant negative relationship {Coeff = -0.0148 (0.9273)} with return on investment of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria, emission disclosure has a significant positive relationship {Coeff = 0.1513 (0.0315)} with return on investment of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria, environmental restoration disclosure has non-significant negative relationship {Coeff = -0.3128 (0.0735)} with return on investment of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria, environmental policy disclosure has a significant positive relationship {Coeff = 0.0145 (0.0116)} with return on investment of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria while Climate change risk disclosure has a significant positive relationship {Coeff = 0.1331 (0.0031)} with return on investment of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. It was thus concluded that environmental disclosure practice have a significant effect on firm growth of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The recommendations made included that industrial goods companies in Nigeria should develop and disclose clear environmental policies that outline their commitment to environmental sustainability. These policies should be regularly reviewed and updated to reflect changing environmental regulations and best practices
ENVIRONMENTAL PENALTIES DISCLOSURES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Full text linkDespite the efforts of the Nigerian government to promote environmental sustainability through regulations and policies, the level of environmental disclosure of penalties among listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria remains a concern. Based on this, the study examined the effect of environmental penalties disclosures on financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design and utilized a panel data of ninety (90) pooled observations gathered from nine (9) listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria over ten (10)-year period (2015-2024). The study adopted multiple linear regression to analyze data via E-views 10.0. The data conformed to the standardized regression assumptions, that is, linearity, homoscedasticity, normality and independence of data. The study findings revealed that remediation penalties disclosure has a significant positive effect {Coeff = 0.1957 (0.0368)} on return on asset, reputational penalties disclosure has a significant positive effect {Coeff = 0.1102 (0.0481)} on return on asset, waste penalties disclosure has a significant positive effect {Coeff = 0.1980 (0.0082)} on return on asset, pollution levy disclosure has a non-significant negative effect {Coeff = -0.0944 (0.3545)} on return on asset and lastly, environmental stringency index disclosure has a significant positive effect {Coeff = 0.01291 (0.0071)} on return on asset of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. It was concluded that transparency in environmental reporting, particularly with regards to remediation, reputational, and waste penalties, can lead to improved financial performance. The study also recommended that Firms should also prioritize transparency in disclosing reputational penalties, as this can lead to improved financial performance. This can be achieved by including information on reputational risks and penalties in their annual reports and sustainability reports, and by engaging with stakeholders to build trust and credibility
EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SOYA BEANS (Glycine max) OUTPUT IN NIGERIA
Full text linkThe study examined climate change effects on soya beans output in Nigeria. Data were collected from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) from 1981-2018. The effect of climate change was analyzed using Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bound approach, Error Correction Model and Augmented Dickey– Fuller tests for stationarity test. On the effects of climatic variables on soya beans output, the coefficient of multiple determination (R2) 0.7965, shows that about 79.65%, of the variations in soya beans output was explained by the climatic variables. F-statistics of 24.27 is significantly higher than the lower bound of 2.9 and the upper bound of 3.8 at 5% level. This indicates that there is a long run relationship between soya beans output and the climatic variables in the model. The ECM value of soya beans output is -0.126. The magnitude of the coefficient estimate of ECM suggests that 12.6% of the disequilibrium caused by previous years’ shocks converges back to the long-run equilibrium in the current year. This reveals that the speed of adjustment will adjust to the long-term equilibrium. The study recommends the need for policy makers to establish temperature monitoring systems and thresholds to preemptively address warming that could negatively impact soya beans output
Analysis of Gender Differential in Resource Utilization and Efficiency of Tomato Production in Kuje Area Council of Abuja, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study examined gender differentials in resource utilization and efficiency of tomato production in Kuje Area Council, Abuja. Primary data were obtained from 200 farmers using a multistage sampling technique, and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics, including stochastic frontier production analysis. The findings revealed that male farmers were slightly older (mean age=42.1 years) compared to females (39.3 years) and has higher years of farming experience (11.6 vs. 9.4 years). Men accessed more credit (₦158,000) than women (₦112,000) and had longer cooperative membership (6.8 vs. 4.6 years). Resource accessibility showed clear disparities: males recorded higher mean scores for land (4.00), cooperative support (3.80), and better access to farm inputs (4.00), while females reported lower values, especially for cooperative support (2.20) and adopting new technologies and farming innovations (2.20). Profitability analysis over 2022–2024 indicated higher Net Farm Income (₦171,067 for men vs. ₦133,067 for women) and Benefit–Cost Ratio (1.86 vs. 1.82), confirming profitability but with stronger gains for men. Stochastic frontier results indicated sub-optimal efficiency for both groups; however, women demonstrated higher mean technical efficiency (0.71) compared to men (0.55), reflecting better resource use despite limited access. Efficiency was significantly influenced by seed, fertilizer, seed, fertilizer, farm size, agrochemicals, and labour. The major constraints included high input costs (81.7% male; 78.8% female), limited credit (70.8% male; 85.0% female), poor storage (73.3% male; 81.3% female), and marketing challenges (75.0% male; 82.5% female). The study highlights pronounced gender disparities in access, profitability, and challenges, although women exhibited relatively higher production efficiency
Digital Transformation in Training Management at Vocational Education Institutions – A Case Study of Hanoi College of Industrial Economics
Full text linkIn the context of the global digital transformation wave, vocational education and training (VET) institutions are under increasing pressure to modernize management processes and enhance training quality. This study examines the digital transformation process in training management at Hanoi College of Industrial Economics (HIEC) as a typical case in Vietnam’s VET sector. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research is based on the institution’s internal documents, national policy frameworks, and secondary data sources, combined with content analysis to identify achievements, challenges, and future directions. Findings reveal that HIEC has implemented a range of digital solutions - such as the electronic school management software (QMC-EUNI) and an online learning management system LMS - which have significantly improved administrative efficiency, reduced paperwork, and enhanced transparency in training management. However, limitations remain regarding network infrastructure, digital competencies of teaching staff, and limited financial resources. The paper also references lessons learned from international practices and proposes recommendations, including investment in IT infrastructure, capacity building for teachers, development of high-quality digital content, and global collaboration. This study contributes to the limited body of literature on digital transformation in vocational education in Vietnam and provides practical implications for policymakers and institutional leaders to optimize digital integration in training management