Harf-o-Sukhan
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"THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR"
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the transformational leadership behaviour/transactional leadership behaviour and employee engagement/OCB. Leadership has been found to play a central role in determining the characteristic that employees demonstrate in organizations and the level of performance. More precisely, this research investigates the impact of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles on employees’ engagement and OCB, with the variable of intermediate impact being the level of employee engagement. Since this study is more of a quantitative nature, data will be obtained from the subjects by means of a structured self-administered questionnaires from a representative population across industries. Path analysis, also known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) will be used to analyze the interaction of the variables in this study. The planned study expectations are expected to pave the way in understanding the effects and positive correlation between leadership styles acquired and improved motivation and behavior of workers that is beneficial to the organization. It has major implications for organizations; it provides insights into leadership advancement and orientations for change management interventions with staff. Therefore, this research offers a way of determining how various kinds of leadership affect engagement and OCB among employees. The results of the study would assist organizations in identifying and implementing appropriate leadership models for organizational success and identifying methods for training employees to become better engaged
Impact of Screen Time on Child Development
Full text link The impact of screen time on child development has become a focal point of concern in contemporary research and parenting discourse. This study explores the multifaceted effects of digital media exposure on children's cognitive, social, and emotional development. With the proliferation of smartphones, tablets, and computers, children are increasingly engaged with screens from an early age, raising questions about its implications. Research indicates that excessive screen time can adversely affect children's attention spans, cognitive abilities, and academic performance. Prolonged exposure to digital media may also contribute to social isolation, reduced physical activity, and disrupted sleep patterns, further influencing overall well-being. Moreover, content consumption, including violent or inappropriate material, can impact children's emotional regulation and behavior. However, not all screen time is detrimental. Educational content and interactive digital media can provide opportunities for learning and skill development. Effective parental mediation and setting limits on screen use are crucial factors in mitigating potential negative effects. Understanding the nuanced impact of screen time on child development is essential for parents, educators, and policymakers to make informed decisions that promote balanced digital engagement and support healthy developmental outcomes for children. Further research is needed to explore longitudinal effects and best practices for managing screen time in the digital age
ANALYZING THE PERSUASIVE POWER OF PAKISTANI POLITICAL ANTHEMS: A RHETORICAL ANALYSIS OF PML (N) IDEOLOGIES
Full text linkPolitical songs are potent tools of persuasion in the realm of public discourse and activism. A persuasive analysis of political songs involves dissecting their lyrics, musical composition, and performance contexts to uncover their intended effects on the audiences. The current study attempts to explore how the selected political song employs rhetorical devices such as metaphor, allegory, repetition, and imagery to shape perceptions, mobilize communities, and advocate for social change. The sample of study includes the lyrics of the election campaign song used by Pakistan's main political party, Pakistan Muslim League (N), during the 2024 general elections. The data analysis utilizes a prototype of critical discourse analysis in conjunction with Van Dijk’s socio-cognitive framework (2004).The findings reveal that PML (N)'s campaign song "Pakistan ko Nawaz do" employed strategic positive self-representation emphasizing prosperity and ethical leadership. Simultaneously, it employs negative portrayal of opponents to strengthen its electoral appeal, utilizing rhetorical devices like anaphora and metaphors to enhance persuasive impact. This representation further plays a crucial role in shaping political discourse and voter perception in Pakistan's electoral context. Moreover, the practical significance of the study lies in its ability to empower readers with analytical tools to critically engage with political language, understand its implications, and effectively navigate the complexities of political discourse in society. However, the future researchers can conduct similar studies on political songs of other main stream political parties
WORKPLACE HARASSMENT LAWS & DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS AGAINST COMPLAINANTS BY THE EMPLOYER. A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF JUDGEMENT RENDERED BY HON'BLE SUPREME OF PAKISTAN IN NADIA NAZ VS PRESIDENT OF ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN, PRESIDENT HOUSE, ISLAMABAD & OTHERS
Full text linkThis paper delves into the intricate dynamics of workplace harassment laws and the disciplinary actions faced by complainants from their employers. Through a critical analysis of the judgment handed down by the Honorable Supreme Court of Pakistan in the case of Nadia Naz VS President of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, President House, Islamabad & others, the study navigates through the legal landscape of addressing workplace harassment in Pakistan. The case serves as a focal point to scrutinize the efficacy of existing legal frameworks, highlighting both successes and shortcomings in the protection of victims and the accountability of perpetrators. By examining the nuances of the judgment and its implications, this paper aims to shed light on the challenges faced by victims, the role of corporations, overlapping jurisdiction between labor and harassment laws, and the reforms needed to foster a safer and more inclusive work environment
The Influence of Demographic Factors in Shaping Epistemological Beliefs among Prospective Teachers
Full text linkThis study explored the structural relationships between demographic variables (semester of study, residence, gender, and CGPA) and epistemological belief constructs (talent and effort) among prospective teachers. A sample of 330 prospective teachers was taken by using stratified sampling technique. The findings through subgroup analyses using independent sample t-tests and ANOVA revealed significant differences in epistemological beliefs based on semester progression, residence, and academic performance, supporting the impact of demographic and academic variables. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on epistemological beliefs by integrating socio-cultural and academic factors into the analysis of prospective teachers’ learning perceptions. These insights are particularly valuable for teacher education programs, because they highlight the role of demographic characteristics in shaping students’ epistemological beliefs
Role of Self-Assessment in Professional Development of Teachers in Science Subjects at Secondary Level: Gender and School Location
Full text linkThe study's primary goal was to look into the “The Role of Self-Assessment in Professional Development of Teachers in Science Subjects at Secondary Level.” Our goals were to see how teachers evaluate themselves, how this evaluation helps them become better teachers, and how it affects their teaching methods. We also wanted to know if self-assessment helps teachers meet the needs of their students and how teachers feel about using it for their professional growth. The results of our study gave us a clear picture of how self-assessment plays a crucial role in helping science teachers improve and adapt to the changing demands of their profession at the secondary level. Simple stratified sampling was used for the collection of data. All the public, male and female secondary schools of DG Khan were selected as a population of study. Data was collected from 470 Male and 439 female teachers of all four tehsils of district DG Khan. The data was collected from rural and urban school teachers from district DG Khan and three tehsils. Researcher was adopted the questionnaire. The validation and amendment of questionnaire was based on expert opinion. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed through Cronbach’s alpha. One questionnaire selected for research the teachers. Research questionnaire was contained the two sections like first section described the demographic information of participant and the second section contained the 21 questions to analysis of teachers perception The Role of Self-Assessment in Professional Development of Teachers in Science Subjects at Secondary Level. There were 21 statements in teachers’ questionnaire. SPSS was used to examine the data. The data were analyzed and interpreted using inferential statistics (one way ANOVA and independent t-test) and descriptive analysis (mean and percentage)
المقارنة بین العصر الجاهلي والإسلام والحاضر في رذائل الأخلاق الحربیة: Comparison between Pre-Islmic Period, Islam and Present age in Vices of War Moralities
No full textIt is a common perception that the man has gradually developed himself with passage of time in social system and law. A man of presentage claims to be better in all aspects of human life as compared to the man of ancient times. But the events accured during wars of last two centuries in common and the twenty first century especially not only refutes this claim but also portray a very gloomy and shameful picture of human war ethics. Facts and fiqures about reasons, events and results of present time wars show that the man today is more barbaric, ruthless, lawless and distructive than the man of old ages. In spite of formulation of many internation charters of human rights for before, during and after the war scenarios, wars of current times have proven that that the rule of “might is right” is prevailing everywhere more severly than before as no international human rights charter is being resprcted. This fact has made the war today more horrible than ever. This article is aimed to give a brief comparison of immoral war behaviors between pre-Islamic period and modern times to compel the man of current era to realize his responsibilityto make the human society better than before in respect of peace, human rights and implementation of humanitarian laws.  
Body Mass and Social Harmony: Examining Obesity's Role in Interpersonal dynamics among Secondary School Students
Full text linkObesity is a critical issue that demands attention due to its significant impact on physical health, economic burden, and the numerous public health challenges it poses. Addressing and managing obesity is crucial for enhancing individual well-being and reducing the strain on healthcare systems and society as a whole. This study is a descriptive investigation that utilized a survey method to gather data. A questionnaire called WIHIC was developed to measure social cohesion in the classroom. The weight of the students was determined using a weight machine in kilograms, while their height was measured using a meter rod in meters. The population for this study consisted of all students in the 10th grade from the Sheikhupora district. The sample was randomly selected from schools in Sheikhupora, with two out of the district's four Tehsils being chosen. Five schools were then randomly selected from each of these Tehsils, and one section from each school was selected using the cluster sampling technique. The level of obesity was found to have an impact on the cohesiveness of the students, with overweight students being less socially cohesive than normal and underweight students
علامہ محمد اقبالؒ کا تصورِ خودی۔۔۔تجزیاتی مطالعہ
No full textThe concept of self is the basis of Iqbal's philosophy of life. The real source of Iqbal's concepts is the Holy Quran and the blessed life of the Holy Prophet. In the Qur'an, the word "self" is used. According to Iqbal, the word "self" has been used. According to Allama Iqbal, the self is not just a collection of mental qualities, but to understand the self, it is necessary that a person is a master of understanding and a master of vision. In Kalam Iqbal, he presented a complete Islamic code of life to the Muslim Ummah, which is based on the Kalima Tayyaba. In fact, the concept of self is based on monotheism and exhorts man to imbibe divine attributes. However, human being has excellence due to knowledge and wisdom. Iqbal's commentators played their role in the interpretation and understanding of Khudi philosophy. Here, one thing is very important that Iqbal's commentator should be fully aware of known and Muslim scientific facts. That is, his eyes should be on the entire scope of philosophy, religion and science. Allama Muhammad Iqbal wanted to define a nation where the word of truth is fulfilled, the recognition of its Lord and the rule of the education given by Islam. Where all are united as one nation under one religion and one flag. Where the servant serves the servant and servitude reigns
منیر نیازی کی اردوغزل میں حسیاتی ادراک: Sensory Perception in Munir Niazi’s Urdu Gazal
No full textSensation is the process in which our mind receive information from the external world through our five senses. The sensations thus received through senses are translated into meaningful ideas through human perception. Hence we can say that all the experiments and observations we make through senses are called sensations. As a result of these sensory perceptions develop. In fine arts especially poetry sensory perception play a pivotal role.
Munir Niazi has got distinction as a poet by appealing very skillfully and artfully to his readers sensory perceptions. His poetry appeals to all the five senses of man and its appeal is most prominent to the Sense of Sight and Sense of Hearing. He creates a mesmerizing and mysterious environment through the use of sensory perceptions. This quality of his poetry has made it more appealing and people take great interest in it. This article is mainly concerned with the use of sensory perception in Munir Niazi's Urdu ghazal