Noor e Tahqeeq
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The Lament of the Decline of the Ummah in Modern Urdu Naat: عصرجدیدکی اُردو نعت میں زوالِ امت کا استغاثہ
No full textTime is a mysterious and divine secret, explored by philosophers for centuries without a definitive answer. According to Allama Iqbal, the cycle of day and night defines life and death. The golden era of history was the time of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), followed by the Rightly Guided Caliphate. However, decline set in with monarchy and dynastic rule. For the past two centuries, Muslims have faced continuous downfall. In Naat poetry, alongside praising the Prophet (PBUH), poets have expressed sorrow over the Ummah’s decline. Hali’s Musaddas laments, "O special messenger, it is time for prayer." Iqbal echoes, "The fire of extinguished love is darkness, not Muslims, but a pile of ashes." Modern poets highlight the plight of the oppressed, the invasion of foreigners, and the disparity between the elite and the poor. As Mukhtar Azmi says, "Where do you go, O God? The nation of your Prophet (PBUH) has wandered in despair.
References:
The Quran, Surah: 103
Iqbal, Allama Muhammad, Bāl-e-Jibrīl, Lahore: Ilm-o-Irfan Publications, 2010, p. 93
The Quran, Surah: 3
Sunan Abi Dawood, Hadith: 4297
Mukhtar Masood, Awaaz-e-Dost, Lahore: Shah Begum & Sheikh Ataullah Trust, 2010
Ibn Khaldun, Hayat-o-Asar, Translated by Muhammad Kazim, Lahore: Alqa Publications, 2019, p. 122
Tahir-ul-Qadri, Dr., Naqsha: Urooj-o-Zawal, Lahore: Minhaj Publications, 2010
Hali, Altaf Hussain, Kulliyat-e-Hali, Lahore: Sheikh Ghulam Ali & Sons, 2000
Iqbal, Allama Muhammad, Poem: Huzoor-e-Risalat Ma'ab ﷺ Mein, included in Bang-e-Dra, Lahore: Ilm-o-Irfan Publications, 2014, p. 197
Iqbal, Allama Muhammad, Poem: Zauq-o-Shauq, included in Bāl-e-Jibrīl, Lahore: Ilm-o-Irfan Publications, 2014, p. 111
Qadri, Dr. Hussain Mohi-ud-Din, Falsafa-e-Tehreek, Lahore: Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications, 2012, p. 111
The Quran, Surah: 3
Ayub Nadeem, Dr., Ujala Huzoor ﷺ Ka, Lahore: Gohar Publications
Mukhtar Azmi, Kitab-e-Dil, Lahore: Nasta'liq Publications, 2018, p. 1
Modern Trends in Western Criticism: مغربی تنقید کے جدید رجحانات
No full textWestren New Criticism was a formalist movement in literary theory. New criticism developed as a reaction to the older philological and literary history that dominated literary criticism in the middle decades of the 20th century, which focused on the history and meaning of individual words and their relation to foreign and ancient languages, comparative sources, and the biographical circumstances of the others. The new critics felt that this approach tended to distract from the text and meaning of a poem and entirely neglect its aesthetic qualities in favor of teaching about external factors. New criticism believed the structure and meaning of the text were intimately connected and should not be analyzed separately. In order to bring the focus of literary studies back to analysis of the texts. The new critics also looked for paradox, paradox, ambiguity, irony, and tension to help establish the single best and most unified interpretation of the text.
Reference:
Sajjad Baqir Rizvi, Dr, Critical Principles of the West, Islamabad: Moqtadra Qaumi Language, 2002, p: 7
Atiqullah, Professor, The Tradition of Criticism in the Maghreb, Lahore: Haqq Publications, 2018, p: 402
Ibid
Asghar Ali Baloch, Dr, Essay, A Brief Review of Some Important Critical Schools, Content: Criticism Past, Present and Future, Author: Dr. Mushtaq Adil, Sahiwal: Farogh Zaban Publishers, p: 84
Atiqullah, Professor, The Tradition of Criticism in the West, pp. 243-244
Ibid
Jameel Jalbi, Ph.D., Eliot's Essays, Contents, From Aristotle to Eliot, Islamabad: National Book Foundation, 2015, P.: 178
Salim Akhtar, Dr, Creative Personalities and Criticism, Lahore: Milestone Publications, 1989, p: 513
. Zirmunskij, Voprosy Teorie, Literary {Leningrad}1928, pp.8-9
Hamid Kashmiri, Dr, Tafheem wa Naqeed, Critical Essays, Lahore: Famous Book Depot, S.N, p:621
North Roop Fry, Objections to New Criticism, Lahore: Modern Publications House, 2020, p: 34
Roland Barthes, Objections to New Criticism, Preston University Press, p.7
Bano Qudsias’ Novel “Moom ki Galian”. A study: بانو قدسیہ کے ناولٹ”موم کی گلیاں“۔۔۔ایک مطالعہ
No full text"Moom ki Galian" is an allegorical novelit. Bano has done justice to the analogy of human society and the Honeycomb. Especially the points of Apiology have been presented with great precision and skill. This novelit is meaningful and interesting from start to finish. This novel will be considered an important milestone in the history of fictional literature. She narrates examples of animals mocking humans at many points. This style of Bano Qudsia is unique and quirky. Due to which he has a prominent position in Urdu literature. The main purpose of this novel is to correct the evils found in our society, so Bano Qudsia narrates two stories and by giving a light romantic color, she is comparing the human society and their organization, arrangement, lifestyle. But while doing this, she has also conveyed his extensive knowledge and deep observation to us through this novelit.
Reference:
Mumtaz Mufti, Bano Qudsia. Pati Bhagat, mashmoola: Aur Okhe Log, Lahore: Feroze Sons, 1991, p. 155
Mumtaz Mufti, Ashfaq Ahmed. Storyteller, mashmoola: Aur Okhe Log, Lahore: Feroze Sons, 1991, p. 118
Zaka-ur-Rehman, Syed Javed Akhtar, Jaan Pehchan, mashmoola: Adab Latif, Monthly, Lahore: February March, 1966
Bano Qudsia, Towajha ki Talib (flap), Lahore: Sang-e-Mail Publications,
1985Mumtaz Mufti, aak almia.Bano Qudsia, mashooma: Four hundred, Monthly, Rawalpindi, 1993, pp. 65-66.
Bano Qudsia, Moom Ki Galian, Lahore: sang e meel Publications, 2010, p.20
Ibid,P:24
Ibid,P:28
Ibid,P:28
Ibid,P:30
Ibid,P:36
Ibid,P:30
Ibid,P:41
Ibid,P:38-42
Bano Qudsia, Chaharchaman, Lahore: Milestone Publications, 1999, pp. 56-255.
Banu Qudsiyya, moom ki galian, ibid., p. 254
Ibid,P:265-266
Ibid,P:260-261
Ibid,P:261
Ibid,P:261-262
Arshad, W., Maqsood, A., Zaidi, S. S., Haroon, M., Qadir, U. M., Sultana, U., Arshad, S., Haq, M. I. U., & Sanaullah, S. (2024). Kalam-e-Iqbal: Current requirements and our priorities. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384326267_Kalam_E_Iqbal_Current_Requirements_And_Our_Priorities
Javed, J. I., Munawer, M., Ahsan, S., Ali, M. S., Qadir, M. H., Raheed, M., Mumtaz, S., & Arshad, W. (2023). Allama Iqbal and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad's thoughts and ideas about the existence and survival of the Islamic state: In the context of literary aspects. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 20(2), 1239-1250. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/38432678
Nasir Shehzad as a Preface Writer: ناصر شہزاد بحیثیت دیپاچہ نگار
No full textNasir Shehzad is a notable literary figure of the 20th century. He wrote down many books: “Kon Dais Gyo,” “Pukarti Rahee Bansi, andd "Ban Bas." He not only wrote the prefaces of his own books but also the books of his contemporaries. Nasir Shehzad creates a unique pleasure with his style of narration in the prefaces. The book and the author are introduced by him in a good manner. In these prefaces, a glimpse of his literature, ideas, and personality is also seen. He has written prefaces only on poetry genres. Along with songs, ghazals, and poems in these poetry genres, he has shed light on the tradition and narration of coffee and couplets in the form of a preface. The main purpose of the preface is to make the contents of the book clear in such a way that the person interested in the subject is drawn to read it because it makes the outline of the book clear to the reader, which makes the reader interested in the study. The prefaces of Nasir Shahzad meet this standard to a great extent. In this article, effort is made to analyze his preface writing in detail.
Reference:
1. Ibadat Barelvi, Dr., Compiler, Qadar Abdul Haq (Extended Edition), Lahore: Urdu Center, 1964, p. 862. All Ahmad Surur, Professor, What is criticism, Karachi: Urdu Academy Sindh, Sun Darhad, p. 7.1963. Nasir Shehzad, Bin Bas, p. 7. 364. Ahmad Umar Sharif, Gita Geet, Preface (Lyric Setting of Gita Geet) by Nasir Shahzad, Karachi: Pakistan Writers Guild Sindh,2006, p.:175. Also, p. 2.116. Also, p. 157. Tahir Saeed Haroon, Dr., Megh Malhar, Foreword: Megh Malhar and her First Phuwar by Nasir Shahzad, Lahore: Sang-e-Mail Publi.cations, 700 2, p. 58. Jameel Azimabadi, Doha Sansar, Foreword: Gyan Darpan by Nasir Shahzad Contents: Doha Sansar, Karachi: Rashid Publications,2004, pp. 1-209. Shaukat Hashmi, Hal Dhamaal, Foreword: Nasir Shehzad, Lahore: Al-Hamd Publications, 1995, p. 510. Afzal Hussain Geelani, Syed, Kafi A Yaar Da Vihra, Preface: Punjabi Kafi An Additional Case by Nasir Shahzad, Okara:Sound-e-Hadi Sheikho Sharif Institute, 2009, pp. 27-811. Javed Batsh, Dr., Dreams of Waking Eyes, Preface: Musafat-e-Shib-Tab by Nasir Shehzad, Sahiwal: Tamehol Publications, 2002, p. 1612. Afzal Hussain Geelani, Syed, Kafi A Yar Da Vehra, p. 2813. Ahmad Umar Sharif, Gita Geet, p. 1614. Jameel Azeemabadi, Doha Sansar, Preface: Gyan Darpan by Nasir Shahzad, including Doha Sansar, p. 2015. Abid Ali Abid, Syed, Style, Lahore: Sangmail Publications, 2001, p. 6016. All Ahmad Suroor, Professor, Visions and Ideas (Prose Style), New Delhi: New Delhi Maktaba Jamia Limited, 1973, p. 4917. Moinuddin Aqeel, Dr., Pakistani Ghazal, Formative Period Attitudes and Trends, Karachi: Abul Kalam Azad Research Institute, 1997, p. 10718. Tahir Saeed Haroon, Dr., Megh Malhar, p. 1219. Nasir Shehzad, Who Des Gayo (Backflap) by Joginder Pal20. Ahmad Umar Sharif, Gita Geet, p. 1621. Javed Batish, Dr., Dreams of Waking Eyes, p. 2022. Afzal Hussain Geelani, Syed, Kafi A Yar Da Vihra, p. 2723. Ibid, p. 2124. Ibid, p. 2525. Javed Batish, Dr., Dreams of Waking Eyes, p. 13.
Elements of Obsession in Mir's Poetry: کلامِ میر میں خبط کے عناصر
No full text"Obsession and insanity are presented as highly positive motivations in Mir’s poetry. Shattered thoughts and psychotic conditions become permanently imprinted on a delicate yet exceptionally coherent and organized mind due to a traumatized childhood, societal cruelty, unanswered love, and various forms of deprivation. Mir has immortalized his fragmented thoughts into a form that connects deeply with consciousness. This review article highlights how a natural and pure poet can create seemingly scattered and uncoordinated imaginations and thoughts influenced by aspects such as obsession, anxiety, psychosis, mental disorders, psychological events, and thought disorders. Mir universalizes these characteristics in his poetry, elevating and subliming his thoughts, making his poetry evergreen."
References:
Mir Taqi Mir, Kulyat-e-Mir, Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 1987, P.5
Abdul Bari Aasi, Maulana, Muqadma, Mashmoola: Kulyat-e-Mir, Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 1987, P.38-39
Mirza Asad Ullah Khan Ghalib, Dewan-e-Ghalib Jadeed, Al-Maroof Ba Nuskha Hamidia, Murataba: Mufti Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq, Bhopal Madhiya Pardesh Urdu Academy, 1982, P.195
Kulyat-e-Mir, Masnavi, P.819
Ibadat Barelvi, Dr. Mir Taqi Mir, Lahore: Department History Adbiyat Idarah Adab-o-Tanqeed, 1980, P.90
Syed Ahmad Dehlvi, Farhang-e-Asfiya, Volume 2, Lahore: Maktaba Hasan Suhail Limited, A. A Printers, 1984, P.186
Ronald J. Comer, Abnormal Psychology, 9th Edition Princeton University, 2015, P.161
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Fifth, P.661
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Second, P.318
Shabih Al-Hasan, Syed, Tanqeed-o-Tehleel, Lakhnow: Idarah Farogh Urdu, 1958, P.172-173
Saleem Akhtar, Dr., Takhleeq aur Lashaori Muharkat, Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 1983, P.161
Ibid, P.153
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Fifth, P.543
Ibid, P.545
Saleem Akhtar, Dr., Takhleeq aur Lashaori Muharkat, P.161
Nisar Ahmad Farooqi, Mutarjam, Mir ki Aapbeti, New Dehli: Anjuman Taraqi Urdu Hind, 1996, P.114-115
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Sixth, P.626
Nasir Abbas Nayar, Jadediat aur No Abadiyat, Karachi: University Press, 2021, P.48
Atkinson Rital, Atkinson Richard C Hilgard Ernest R. Introduction to Psychology, 8th edition Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc., USA, P. 455
Kulyat-e-Mir, Masnavi Khawab-o-Khayal, P.969
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.35
Nisar Ahmad Farooqi, Zikr-e-Mir, P.114
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Fourth, P.495
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Third, P.418
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.189
Paul Kleinman, Psych 101, Psychology Facts Basics, Statistics Tests and more, Adams, Media Avon Massachusetts, P.232
Hamidi Kashmiri, Dr., Kargah Shisha Gari, Mir ka Mutaliya, Kashmir: Idarah Adab Jawahar Nagar, 1982, P.110
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Second, P.297
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Fourth, P.509
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.176
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Second, P.124
Nisar Ahmad Farooqi, Zikr-e-Mir, P.114-115
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Fifth, P.896
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.23
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Third, P.489
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.151
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Second, P.229
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Fifth, P.253
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Fourth, P.509
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Second, P.258
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.65
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.6
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Second, P.229
Ronald J. Comer, Abnormal Psychology, 9th Edition Princeton University, 2015, P.536
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Second, P.270
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.76
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan Sixth, P.233
Kulyat-e-Mir, Dewan First, P.91
 
The Intellectual Representative of the School of objective Criticism: Azhar Ghouri: مکتبۂ معروضی نقد ونظر کا فکری نمایندہ: اظہر غوری
Full text linkObject oriented approach of criticism has its roots in post continental philosophies based on perdiction and vision. Azhar Ghouri has strong advocacy for universalization of values and global adaptation of critical thinking styles. He believes in sublimity of Art and architecture regardless of classic or modern as a label for critical analysis. He believes in exploration of ideas and vision with insight in any piece of literature beyond its mechanical structure. Colonialism, exploitation, industrialisation, hunger, fear, shelter, peace and justice are controversial in global village according to A. G which needed to be reflected in art and literature in modes of individual’s interest. Author of this artical has explored gross root level realities and fundamental beliefs of object oriented approach in literary works of A.G. The agitation through pen has always been an eye opener initiative to stimulate the reader same has been highlighted by the author in the artical.
Reference:
Azhar Ghori ,do tehzibo ki dohri maanwiyat kay hamil afsanay,mazmoon mashmoola,jahan e rang o boo,az nayar aqbal alwi,Lahore,multi media,affairs,2005,s 7.
Azhar Ghori,Nazriyati murassa kaar afsaana nigar,Sami Ajaow,gair muratba,19 July,2023
Azhar Ghori,Takhliqi shaoor ki Shairi,Ghair muratba,2002.
Azhar Ghori,Awam dushman nizam ko badalnay ka muharak,,nukta nazer ,mutbuaa ,haft rooza,siraat ,2009.
Azhar Ghori,ghair mutboowa mazmmon,2021.
Azhar Ghori ,Tareikhi shasoor ki hamil shairi,ghair mutbuaa,16 junauary,2023.
Azhar Ghori,Sufaid jhoot,Dr uzma aziz khan kay shahkaar afsanchay,Lahore ,multi media affairs,2023,s.107
Allegorical Dimensions of Ali Naqi Khan’s Novels: علی نقی خان کے ناولوں کی تلمیحاتی جہات
No full textThis research work is about the use of Insinuations in Ali Naqi Khan’s novels. Insinuation is a noun according to parts of speech. It is a hint, a suggestion or an intimation by distant allusion. Insinuation is a great means of influencing people, create a sublanguage–bold statements followed by retraction and apology, ambiguous comments, banal talk combined with alluring glances that enters the target’s subconscious to convey the writer’s real meaning and make everything suggestive. The use of Insinuation remained popular in literature of the world. Ali Naqi Khan is a multisided person and a versatile genius, poet, translator, novelist critic and distinguished himself in all these capacities. I would try to explore Insinuation in his novels
An overview of Ada Jafri’s Autobiography “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi”: ادا جعفری کی" خود نوشت”جو رہی سو بے خبری رہی پر ایک نظر
Full text linkAda Jafri is one of the greatest writers who presented the essence of her art in the form of poetry as well as in prose. She holds a special position amongst the pioneers of modern Urdu and is also called the first lady of poetry. Apart from poetry, she also experimented with an important genre of literature, Aap Beti (autobiography). In her autobiography, “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi” Ada Jafri has appeared in a different style. Through this autobiography, she has described the educational and social problems faced by women before the establishment of Pakistan, as well as the culture and civilization of that time. The purpose of this research article is to provide readers with historical, cultural and tourist information in the light of Ada Jafri’s autobiography and to highlight the importance of autobiography in literature.
Reference:
Ada Jafferi , jo rahi sahi so be khaberi rahi, Karachi , maktaba : Danyal , 2013, s 9
Aizan, s : 24
Aizan, s : 35
Aizan, s : 120
Aizan, s : 133
Ada Jafferi ,mashmoola ,Gazala tum to waaqif ho, Lahore : ghalib publishers, 1982, s 164
Ada Jafferi , jo rahi sahi so be khaberi rahi,s 211
Aizan, s : 321
Ada Jafferi , nazam rukhsat, ,Mashmoola, saaz sukhan, nai Dehli , maktaba, jame ltd, 1988, s 80
Mohammad Noshad aalam, dr, urdu khud naisht, sawanah hayaat, azadi ke baad, awwal addition, Dehli , Arshia pbli kishnz, 2011, s : 20
An Intellectual Review of the Travelogue “Taparwasni”: سفر نامہ ٹپرواسنی کا فکری جائزہ
Full text link"Taparvasni" (Gypsy) is the second collection of Parveen Atif's travelogues, which came out in 1995 after a gap of eight years from his earlier collection "Kiran, Titli Aur Bagole". Parveen Atif traveled to different cities and wrote these travelogues by dividing them into different chapters. In this travelogue, visits to Luckhnow (India), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Amsterdam (Holland), Peking (China) and Hiroshima (Japan) have been described; whereas visits to London (UK) and Damascus (Syria) have also been mentioned. The purpose of the visits included in this travelogue contains engagements in sports (hockey) and allied official duties. This article presents an intellectual review of the said travelogues highlighting their literary, observational and cultural importance.
Reference:
Parveen Atif,tapawasni,Lahore,Sang e meel publications.1995,p 9.
Ghafoor shah qasim ,Dr,Pakistani adab ky so saal ,Lahore: book talk publishers ,1995,p:15.
Parveen Atif,Tapar wasni ,P: 10.
Anwar sadeed,Dr,Urdu adab main safarnama, Lahore,Maghrabi Pakistan Urdu Acedmy ,p :40.
Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 112.
Khalid Mehmood ,Urdu safernamo ka tanqeedi muatliya,Lahore,maktaba jamaiya ,2011,p:52.
Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 44.
Aihsan ,Zulfiqar Ali,Azadi ky baad safernama miN jns nigari ka ruhjaan ,Lahore:Maghrabi PAKISTAN Urdu,2008,P:201.
Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 90.
Sadaf FATIMA,Dr,Khawateen ky Urdu safernaamo ka tehqeeqi mutaliya,Lahore:Anjuman taraqi Urdu,P: 8
Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 120
 
Roland Barthes' Theory of "The Death of the Author": A Critical Analysis: رولان بارتھس کا نظریہ” مصنف کی موت“: تنقیدی جائزہ
No full textThis paper examines the critical reception of Roland Barthes' influential essay, "The Death of the Author." Published in 1967, the essay argues that the author's role in creating and interpreting a text is not central. Instead, Barthes suggests that a text functions as a complex system of signs and codes, generating meaning through the interplay of these elements. The reader actively participates in this process, constructing meaning based on their own experiences and understanding. Barthes' concept of the "death of the author" challenged traditional literary criticism, prompting new approaches that focus on the text itself and the reader's response. However, the essay has also been criticized for downplaying the role of the author and for its potential to lead to a relativistic approach to interpretation. This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of Barthes' argument, and considers its implications for the study of literature. It also examines the ways in which Barthes' essay has been interpreted and debated in the years since its publication. The paper concludes by arguing that Barthes' essay remains a valuable contribution to literary theory, even if its conclusions are not universally accepted. It offers a powerful challenge to traditional notions of authorial authority and provides a framework for understanding the role of the reader in the creation of meaning.
References:
Nasir Abbas Na'ir, Dr. "Sakhaatiyaat Ke Ahm Buniyaad Guzaar... Ta'arufiya" Mashmoola: Sakhaatiyaat Ek Ta'aruf, Islamabad: Poorb Academy, 2011, Safah: 229
Ahmad Sohil, Sakhaatiyaat, Taareekh, Nazriya Aur Tanqeed, Nayi Dehli: Bliss Offset Printing Works, 1999, Safah: 64
Roland Barthes, "The Death of the Author"Essay, Included in “Image Music Text” translated by Stephen Heath, London: Fontana Press, 1977, P:142
Ibid
Ibid. Panaah: 145
Ibid
Maqsood Hasni, Maqaalah: "Sakhaatiyaat Pas Sakhaatiyaat Aur Radd Sakhaatiyaat Ek Asaasi Mutalah" Mashmoola: Nowadir, Sehmahi, Shumarah Number: 11, September Ta March 2005, Lahore: Dawood Bandagi Printers, Safah: 3