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STUDY OF GULZAR'S LEGENDARY STYLE
Full text linkThe short story is an important part of Urdu literature and dealt with a wide range of life dimensions, but most short stories of Gulzar concern the trauma of the partition of the subcontinent in 1947. He critically observed these incidents by himself so the violence generated as a result of this partition leaves a deep impact on him. No doubt he is a live legend and a great writer, his writings gained momentum with the phenomenal narration which is full of expressions, feelings, emotions and questions about the politics and political leaders of that time. Gulzar is a perfect story writer by his charismatic and unique style. This article reveals and examines the artistic aspects of his literary craftsmanship with a special reference to his contribution not only in the field of literature but to history and politics as well
THE NOVEL LAHOO RANG FALESTINE
Full text linkLahoo Rang Falestine" is very important in novel writing. It shows the change in every field of life on a global scale. These important changes have taken place at the political, economic, cultural, social, and cultural levels and have affected the entire era. In the present era, many traditions and values have been broken and at the same time, the system that has been going on for years has been disrupted. There have been many losses but some good results. People's thoughts and feelings changed. In this novel, along with science and art, some movements also took place, which affected the intellect and consciousness of the present age. A new philosophical perspective on life began and these new ideas, and thoughts seemed to be in tune with the old traditions. During this period, complex issues of minorities, exploitation of minorities, sectarianism, political corruption, youth issues, the crisis of civilization and values, and misdeeds of the ruling class began to be written on the page. Novel writing has been the cradle of civilization from the very beginning. Various arts flourished in it. Literature, philosophy, history, etc. in Urdu got extraordinary development. India has been a land of development of various disciplines in which literature has special significance. Different languages are spoken here and different languages have their literary capital. The novel is considered a style of storytelling anyway. The novel is a genre of literature that is very interesting because the canvas of the novel is much wider than other genres of literature
PUNJABI CULTURE IN AKHTAR SHERANI’S POEMS
No full textUrdu poetry is a beautiful picturesque of the cultures of the sub-continent. It consists of norms, symbols, ideas, dresses, eatables, crockery, romantic heroes, dialects and folk stories of the multicultural society of Indo-Pak. Urdu poets portrayed the culture of Bengal, Bihar, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Bombay, Gujrat, Delhi, Kashmir, Afghan, Tribal, Sindh, Balochistan, and Punjab. This Article is about the portrayal of Punjabi culture in Akhtar Sherani's poetry. He sketched the Punjabi culture in his poems beautifully. His poetic verses and style describe the cultural elements of the civilization of Punjab. His loud voice is full of colourful aspects of his soil. He is warmly attached to his culture. His poetry is a beautiful metaphor for Punjab's culture, which inspires the reader regarding nature's aspects. He elaborates on the rural and urban life of Punjab
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL THEORIES OF ORIGIN OF URDU
Full text linkUrdu is the third largest language spoken in the world. Many traditional theories were in vogue, as for as their origin is concerned, before the advent of modern linguistics. Mir Aman Dehlvi in the foreword of his famous "Bagh -o-Bahar" claimed that Urdu originated in an "army camp or Bazar" for which it was termed as "Urdu zaban or Lashkari zaban (the language of army camp)" and used for communication in the era of Mughal emperor Akbar. This theory misled many scholars and various traditional theories were presented by them based on Mir Aman,s formula of language construction. The present article is an Explorative and Critical Analysis of Traditional Theories of the Origin of Urdu
Limitations Of Rhymed Translation And Comprehension of Ghalib's Thought
Full text linkThis article deals with the first-ever complete rhymed English translation of Diwan-e-Ghalib by Servat Rehman. This translation was published with the name “Diwan-e-Ghalib: Complete Translation” by Ghalib Institute, New Delhi in 2003. This book is very much significant because, the first-ever complete rhymed translation of Mirza Ghalib's Mutadawal Diwan and several renderings from Nuskha-e-Hamidia, Urdu-e-Mualla, etc. There are some problems in the poetic translation of Ghalib’s Poetry in this book. Translation of poetry is not such an easy task. If it is Ghalib’s poetry it becomes the responsibility of the translator to translate on rhym ground. It has been analyzed on a technical & linguistic basis. Servat Rehman seems to be a little bit successful in transmitting the meaning but fails to maintain the real and faithful impact of Ghalib’s poetry
UNIQUE RHETORIC IN AHMAD FARAZ'S POETRY
Full text linkIlma e Badee (Rhetoric) is an important branch of knowledge that deals with poetry. In this branch of knowledge, those tools and standards are discussed which play an important role to evaluate poetry and other related genres. The ways and means to achieve the beauty of poetry are discovered through it. The verse is adorned with the qualities of diction and meaning. These are called “Sana e lafzi and Sana e Manvi".
Though Ahmed Faraz did not deliberately try to use these Sana-e-lafzi-o- Manavi, as the classical master poets used to do, his command over the rules of rhetorics and principles of poetics is unprecedented among his contemporaries. Instead of using these Sanae Badae as that ornaments, Ahmed Faraz uses them to extend their meaning beyond their boundaries. A long-range Sanae Badae is found in his poetry which beautifies his contents and the forms as well.
In this article, 34 Sanae Lafzi (with different kinds) and 18 Sanae Manvi have been identified Faraz`s poetry. His individuality is reflected through this Sanae badae.
The particular trait of Ahmed Faraz is that he has not merely used "sanae badae” on a word level, rather he has utilized these “ilm e byaan and ilme e maani” in a broad spectrum. On account of these qualities, his poetry is regarded as a beautiful combination of musicality and meaningfulness. Ahmed Faraz is a modern poet but his modernity is deeply rooted in classical values. He, actually, derives the beauty of poetry from the classical system of values comprising “Sana e lafzi and Sana e Manvi". His individuality lies in blending both of the values of the systems i.e classicism and modernism
A CULTURAL AND SOCIAL PERUSAL OF REPORTAGE “SHEHER”
Full text linkIbrahim Jalees’ reportage “Sheher” is a masterpiece of non-fictional literature. The cultural and traditional life of Bombay city is the main subject. The writer has tried to represent the helpless and miserable urban life probing from its artificial brightness. Also, it is the sorrowful lamentation of the valuelessness of ancient literature, culture, values and social life in the artificial glittering capitalist civilization. All the above issues have been addressed with a literary spell and beauty. The struggle for livelihood can be observed in this reportage. This “Reportage” is a literary and historical document about the multicultural civilization and society’s representation of the city’s development
TRIAL BY FRANZ KAFKA
Full text linkFranz Kafka was a prominent literary figure in the 20th-century of European literature. Franz Kafka has been called everything from a modernist to an existentialist, a fantasy writer to a realist. His work almost stands alone as its own subgenre, and the adjective ‘Kafkaesque’ – whose meaning, like the meaning of Kafka’s work, is hard to pin down, has become well-known even to people who have never read a word of Kafka’s writing. Perhaps inevitably, he is often misinterpreted as being a gloomy and humorless writer about nightmarish scenarios, when this at best conveys only part of what he is about. He was brought up in a middle-class German family. He wrote many novels on different themes. “The trial” is one of them. It was written in 1914 and was published posthumously in 1925 in the German language. It was translated into English by Willa and Edwin Muir in 1937. It is his best-known work. It is the story of Joseph K, a respectable bank officer, who is arrested by an inaccessible authority although he has done nothing wrong. One year later, two warders again come for K. they take him to a quarry outside of town and kill him in the name of the law. Through the struggle of that specific character, he criticized the modern bureaucracy. It is also described as an existentialist novel because it represents the absurdity of the world and the nightmare of intersubjectivity. In this article above mentioned themes are discussed with proper references
POET OF SEVEN LANGUAGES
Full text linkThere has been a revolutionary development in different aspects of life during the last two centuries. Especially, the writers touched the esteem. Maqsood Jafari is a prominent figure in this regard. He is a poet, author, philosopher, column writer, politician, and versatile speaker as well. He performed in more than one field. His compositions in English, Urdu, Persian, Punjabi, and Kashmiri are more than 35. That's why he is regarded as the poet of seven languages. His compositions have a unique standard at the national and international levels. His every writing reveals a new topic. In this article, his poetry has been analyzed from different angles. A lot of messages thoughts and revolutionary ideas and spirit are topics of his poetry. His poetry is not imaginary
The will of Gurmukh Singh
Full text linkUrdu Short Story complies with social, psychological, and symbolic themes. Saadat Hassan Manto has a prominent status in Urdu Short stories. He knows well the sensitivity of human psychology. The study of human psychology was his favorite subject. In this article, efforts are made to highlight human behaviors. Manto analyzed the identical situation and its impact on society before and after 1947. Manto, being the humanist that he certainly was, could not remain indifferent to the absolute calamity that befell the sub-continent in 1947. In the short story under review, he has analyzed the very threadbare what 1947 meant for, not only to the contemporary generation but also for the subsequent one. The lament is not for the present madness as it was but more for the loss of values that Santookh Singh and his shrewd but shameful conduct reflects which like a true artist, Manto prophecies. This paper also deals with the violent behavior of society after 1947 and highlights Manto's opinion in this regard