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’’تماشا‘‘ کے عنوان سےلکھی گئی کہانیاں: تحقیقی و تنقیدی مطالعہ
No full textBefore the advent of social and electronic media, people used to spend their leisure time by engaging them in fairs and enjoying magicians tricks. The magicians who used to gather a crowd showed their fun publically, were a source of fun and amusement for each and every cadre of society and fun was called. Tamasha.. In Arabic, the word. Tamasha means to walk alone or to walk with friends. In Persian and Urdu it means to make a fun or to show comedy publically. Such kind of shows was shown often in the company of a monkey, goat or a kid who was called . Bacha Jamhora.. The magicians in this way, were able to collect appreciations, food and money for their survival. Short story writers of Urdu directly used Tamasha as title of their stories. Apparently, these short stories seem to be the stories consisting of fun by their title but infact these are totally different from the traditional concept of Tamasha. These short stories include the bitter realities of the society and life.
Saadat Hassan Manto, Ram Laal, Mansha Yad, Noor Ul Huda Syed, Jilani Bano and Jameel Ahmed Adeel wrote such stories
عربی، فارسی، ہندی اور اردو حروفِ تہجی اور ان کی اشکال کا مسئلہ
No full textLetters are actually the written form of sounds. The Arabic and Persian alphabets are used in Urdu. The similarity in their forms and written form is a problem. In this paper, a research effort has been made towards this important issue. In the beginning, pictorial script was used for expression. After the member letter, the alphabet letter takes its place. Historians have presented different theories about their invention and evolution. Since the number of sounds used in Urdu is greater, Hindi letters were presented in mixed form. The number of Hindi, Arabic, Persian and Urdu letters which are now part of the Urdu alphabet. Uniformity in characters is also a problem. The problem of changing shapes of letters during transplantation is presented in this paper. The arrangement that the calligraphers have devised for writing the letters is presented. In written form, the techniques are written by Rasheed Hasan Khan in the same style.
تدریس اردو میں بلوم ٹیکسانومی کا اطلاق: تجزیہ و مطالعہ
No full textA language is the pivot element in the domains of every type of art and literature. The more one masters a language , the more harmony is there in its expression. The legacy of the culture and civilization is passed onto the younger generations only through the teaching of the language. In the education sector of Pakistan, the Urdu language holds a great importance as a primary subject. As Urdu language complements the individual and national needs, so the teaching of urdu as a subject is considered very important from the earlier grades to higher ones. In 1956, an educational Bycologist, Dr. Benjamin Bloom, categorized the levels of educational objectives which is termed as Bloom’s Taxonomy. Its aim is to build up the thought, with high level of observation and conclusion rather than cramming in the field of education. These are, infact, the different levels of the questions which activate a man’s thoughts and opinions. Though more than half of the century has passed, still Bloom’s Taxonomy has not been implemented for the teaching of urdu language. Therefore, for an effective teaching of Urdu language, the analysis of text book according to Bloom’s taxonomy is the need of the time. In this article, the role and application of Bloom’s taxonomy for the teaching of urdu has been discussed and presented.
ادب کی تفہیم: ردِتشکیل کے تناظر میں
No full textUnderstanding literature relates to the interpretation of a literary text in a specific perspective. The critical appreciation, analysis and establishing an opinion about the text are some of the important tools to understand a literary piece of work. For this purpose, a complete understanding of literary as well as critical theory is indispensible to move forward. There are various perspectives to understand literature, which may be divided into four major categories; these are Author oriented, Context oriented, Reader oriented and Text oriented. This paper presents the debates of understanding literature in the context of Deconstruction; a theory presented by Jacques Derrida. The main idea of this theory is to unveil those meanings of the text, which have not been revealed on the surface. A limited work is available in the field of Urdu Applied Criticism with special reference to Deconstruction; because this analytical approach has been ignored. This theory may be applied to understand literature with the help of discourse analysis, narratology, linguistic analysis and textual criticism.
ڈاکٹر طاہر تونسوی کی خدمات کا مختصرجائزہ
No full textDr. Tahir Taunsvi is a well-known Urdu writer. His literary services have multiple dimensions. He is the author of more than seventy seven books and two hundred research articles. The most important field of his literary services is Urdu research. He searched out a vast asset of Urdu literature with keen interest and diligence and made it a precious part of the arena of Urdu language and literature. He also promoted many common and prominent literary personalities and introduced some new poets. Most of his research work is based on editing and compilation. He published thirty four books in this regard which has a great importance for research scholars and readers. There are fourteen research books of Dr. Tahir Taunsvi where we may find the elements of pure research. These publications of great importance unfold the research method used by Dr. Tahir Taunsvi. Dr. Tahir Taunsvi’s research work covers the diverse topics of Urdu language and literature i.e. Prose, Poetry and Linguistic. In this article, the author has briefly evaluated the research services of Dr. Tahir Taunsvi by analyzing his research method and his important research books.
احمد حسین قمر کا ’’طِلِسمِ نارنج‘‘
No full textTilism e Naranj is a rarest Urdu romance (Dastan) belongs to Dastan e Ameer Hamza, one of the popular romance of classic Urdu literature. The authors of Tilism e Naranj is Munshi Ahmed Husain Qamar, who is famous among the writers of Dastan e Ameer Hamza of Newul Kishore Press Lucknow. He wrote several voluminious volumes of Dastan e Ameer Hamza. Besides those volumes he wrote the smallest parts of that particular dastan in the name of Tilism e Naranj which was printed by Munshi Newul Kishore Press Lucknow and published by J Narayan Verma publisher of Lucknow. Tilism e Naranj was published once in 1901, before the death of the writer, actually at the last stage of his life. Detailed introduction of Tilism e Naranj is done in this article and almost every aspect of book and its writer is described. A Dastan critic M Habib Khan claimed that Tilism e Naranj is the part of Dastan e Ameer Hamza of Newul Kishore Press Lucknow but Shamsur Rahman farooqi, renound critic and resarcher of Dastan e Ameer Hamza differ from it and wrote that Tilism e Naranj is not the part of long Dastan e Ameer Hamza of Newul Kishore Press. The writer also had a same openion with M Habib Khan, wrote before in his article, but now he amends his openion in this article and have a same openion with Shamsur Rahman Farooqui.
احمد ندیم ؔقاسمی اور حبیب جالبؔ کی شاعری میں سماجی شعور کا تقابلی مطالعہ
No full textThis paper delves into the concept of social consciousness and its significance in both society and literature, with a focus on the poetry of Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi and Habib Jalib. Social consciousness encompasses an awareness of various dimensions, including political, social, religious, socio-cultural, and intellectual aspects prevalent in a particular era. The absence of social awareness often leads to social disorder and unrest within a community.
For literary figures, social consciousness holds great importance as it allows their creative works to reflect the challenges and intellectual attitudes of their time. Poetry, in particular, serves as a powerful medium through which social changes are advocated and human emotions are deeply felt and shared. Consequently, a profound connection exists between poetry and society.
This paper is a comparative study of the social consciousness evident in the poetry of Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi and Habib Jalib. By examining their poetic expressions, themes, and perspectives, the research seeks to illuminate the ways in which these influential poets shed light on societal issues and contribute to shaping social discourse. Through this exploration, the paper aims to provide insights into the relationship between poetry and the collective social consciousness of a given era
اردو مرثیہ نگاری میں مزاحمت کا ارتقا
No full textEvolution of Resistance in Urdu elegy. The biggest example of resistance in Urdu eulogy is the incident of Karbala, when the ruler of a country exploits the basics rights of the people, then the people resist to end this exploitative behavior. Elegy writers of Urdu language have said resistance elegies against dictatorship, class exploitation, lust for wealth, sectarianism, political debauchery, obsolete rituals of society and educational deprivation, the colour of resistance in the genre of Urdu literature elegy is seen with full energy in the elegies of all elegists and its evolutionary journey is ongoing. From patriarchal system to feudalism, from monarchy to capitalism and today’s colonial colonialism, resistance continues in every era. Their obituaries not only lament the indifference of their society, but the suffering of the oppressed of the whole world can be seen in them.
عالمی رزمیہ شاعری کے تناظر میں حفیظ جالندھری کے ’’شاہ نامۂ اسلام‘‘ کا تحقیقی مطالعہ
No full textEpic poetry is radically a long narrative poem that is based on tales that are larger than life. For instance it is about the glory and bravery of religious or national heroes. In style and theme, it is sublime. It basically embraces the contents of religious affairs, iconic personalities, mythicism, folktales, and historical events that are of religious dignity and national significance. It sometimes entails events that are of universal worth as well. There are many epics in distinct languages which are written by great poets of their time to reveal the heroic deeds of their religion, nation and country. Greek Iliad and the Odyssey, Latin Aeneid, the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh, Sanskrit Mahabharata and Ramayana, the Old English Beowulf and Milton’s Paradise Lost and in Persian Shahnama-e-Firdousi are the eminent examples of epics in different languages. In Urdu, Famous Pakistani poet Abu Al-Asar Hafeez Jalandhari (1900-1982) has written a long narrative poem “Shahnama-e-Islam”, a masterpiece of its own kind. This poem consists of the consequential events of the history of Islam and contributes a great account in the world of Epic Poetry. In this paper , an attempt has been made to perceive the different dimensions of Hafeez Jalandheri’s Shahnama-e-Islam as an Epic poem.
ادب،ثقافت اور مقامیت موسمیاتی بدلاؤ اور ماحولیاتی تنقید(بنیادی ڈسکورس)
No full textClimate change stands as one of the burning issue of our age.As the planet warms due to human activities,it becomes imperative for indivisuals,governments and industrial zones to acknowledge the reality of climate change.There is a close relationship between environment, literature, culture and climate change. Our literary, cultural, local, spiritual, economic and environmental life is affected by climate change. Any region maintains its standard of beauty from the cultural, social and local environment. Language, dress and lifestyle are the bearers of the culture of any region. Because every region is bound by the same basic rules as language, lifestyle and according to socio-political effects about climate change.It archolate the consiquence changing and conditions of human behaviour while living in that particular jurisdiction. Cultural landscapes create resilience to climate change. The preservation of migration-related studies, historical and cultural discourse is the subject to ecology and especially cultural and social development. The constent change upon climate effects directily to all the living species and outcomes of our population. In 2019, millions of animals, humans and birds migrated due to fires in the forests of Australia, Brazil and America, while millions of animals and birds were burnt to ashes. Due to which the historic spatial and cultural condition of these regions has changed from what it was before. The protection of both our ancient heritage and archeology is very important because after the climate disaster we bring them to mind as a traumatic memory. These sircumstances also effects Pakistan by changing climate in thr era of Glaciers and lands sorrunded by Rivers. Because of flood distarer million of people faces life threats in southern Punjab, KPK and the fertile crop area of the country. Keeping the situation as a theological narrative this paper try to present the real conditions of our earth in this envoirment, This article delves into the science behind climate change, its causes and the urgent need of a global response.