6746 research outputs found
Sort by
Tovuzçay Barajı Memba Kesimi (tovuz-azerbaycan) Plaserlerinin Jeolojik ve Jeokimyasal Özellikleri
No full textIn this study, gold and heavy element enrichments were investigated by mineralogical, petrographic and geochemical analyzes of samples collected from stream sediments and placers in the lower Tovuzçay river bed, located between Vahidli, Aşağı Öysüzlü and Yukarı Öysüzlü villages in the upstream part of the Tovuzçay Dam lake in the Lesser Caucasus region of Azerbaijan. Tovuzçay placer gold deposit is located in the Lesser Caucasus region of the Tethys Tectonic Belt, one of the world's important gold and copper provinces, extending from Pakistan to Iran, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey. The main rivers in the Tozuv region are the Tovuz River, which connects to the Kür River, and its tributaries, the Esrik River and Akınca River, and the Zeyem River in the eastern part. Sedimentary and magmatic rocks formed from the Middle Jurassic to the present day crop out around Tovuzçay. The Middle Jurassic (Bajosian) aged Arıkdam volcanics, which form the basement of the region, are covered by Vahidli rhyolites and Asrikçay pyroclastics. These units are cut by the Upper Jurassic - Cretaceous aged Gosha Granite and all units are unconformably covered by Quaternary-Holocene aged alluvial material. The primary ore minerals determined in the region by XRD studies on placer samples taken from the Upstream Section of Tovuzçay Dam are hematite, magnetite, chalcopyrite and pyrite formations. The gangue minerals in the mineralization of Tovuzçay placers are, in order of prevalence, calcite, quartz, barite, kaolin and albite. When the Au values of the placer samples that were chemically analyzed were examined, Au values of 0.00-0.125 mm (2 pieces), 0.125 -0.250 mm (2 pieces) and over 2 ppm were determined in 4 samples.Bu çalışmada Azerbaycan'ın batısında Küçük Kafkasya bölgesinde yer alan Tovuzçay Baraj gölü memba kısmındaki Vahidli, Aşağı Öysüzlü ve Yukarı Öysüzlü köyleri arasında yer alan aşağı Tovuzçay nehir yatağındaki dere sedimanı ve plaserlerden derlenen numunelerin mineralojik, petrografik ve jeokimyasal analizleri yapılarak altın ve ağır element zenginleşmeleri araştırılmıştır. Tovuzçay plaser altın yatağı, Pakistan'dan, İran, Azerbaycan, Gürcistan ve Türkiye'ye kadar uzanan, dünyanın önemli altın ve bakır provenslerinden biri olan Tetis Tektonik Kuşağı'nın Küçük Kafkaslar bölgesinde yer almaktadır. Tozuv bölgesinde bulunan başlıca akarsular Kür Nehri'ne bağlanan Tovuz Nehri ve onun kollları olan Esrik Nehri ve Akınca Nehri ile doğu kesimdeki Zeyem Nehridir. Tovuzçay civarında Orta Jura'dan günümüze kadar oluşan sedimanter ve magmatik kayaçlar yüzeylemektedir. Yörede temeli oluşturan Orta Jura (Bajosiyen) yaşlı Arıkdam volkanitleri, Vahidli riyolitleri ve Asrikçay piroklastikleri ile örtülmektedir. Bu birimler Üst Jura – Kretase yaşlı Gosha Granitoyidi tarafından kesilmekte ve tüm birilmler Kuvaterner-Holosen yaşlı alüvyal malzeme ile uyumsuz olarak örtülmektedir. Tovuzçay Barajı Memba Kesiminden alınan plaser numunelerinde yapılan XRD çalışmaları ile bölgede belirlenen birincil cevher mineralleri hematit, manyetit, kalkopirit ve pirit oluşumlarıdır. Tovuzçay plaserlerinin cevherleşmesinde gang mineralleri ise yaygınlık sırasına göre kalsit, kuvars, barit, kaolen ve albittir. Kimyasal analizi yapılan plaser numunelerinin Au değerleri incelendiğinde 4 numunede 0.00-0.125 mm (2 adet) 0.125 -0.250 mm (2 adet) 2 ppm üzerinde Au değerleri belirlenmiştir
Mechanical and Dynamic Characteristics for the Cfrp, Gfrp, and Hybrid Composites Exposed To Hcl Environment
No full textCOSKUN, TANER/0000-0002-4815-9278In the current study, the low-velocity impact (LVI) characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP), and hybrid composites before and after the corrosive environment exposure were investigated. In this regard, CFRP, GFRP, and hybrid composites were subjected to LVI and tensile loadings after being kept in a 10% diluted HCl environment for 1 week and 1 month, and the impacts of the corrosive environment on the composites' dynamic and mechanical responses were determined by comparing the outcomes of the control and aged specimens. LVI tests for CFRP, GFRP, and hybrid composites were carried out by transferring 25.2 and 11.2 J impact energy to the specimens with two impact velocities of 3 and 2 m/s, respectively, and thus, the effects of impact energy and hybridization were investigated. Moreover, tensile tests were conducted for the control and aged specimens with 2 mm/min crosshead speed, and thus, the effects of fiber material, hybridization, and corrosive environment on the mechanical properties were determined. The study found that CFRP composites had higher stiffness than GFRPs, whereas hybrid composites exhibited dynamic responses between CFRP and GFRP, as expected. On the other hand, it turned out that the composites absorbed most of the impact energy, which was interpreted as being absorbed by the damage of fiber-reinforced composites, which stand out with their brittle characteristics. Furthermore, it was discovered that the damage severity elevated as expected with a longer aging time, which was attributed to the corrosive liquid attacking the fibers, matrix, and fiber/matrix interfaces and reducing strength. It was also observed that, as predicted, the corrosive effects generally resulted in a reduction in tensile responses, including ultimate strain and tensile strength.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work is supported by the Co-ordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects of Konya Technical University Project Number: (201010035).Co-ordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects of Konya Technical University [201010035
The Role of Magma Recharge and Mixing in Producing Compositional Modality in Post-Collisional Volcanic Rocks, Konya Volcanic Field, Central Anatolia (türkiye)
No full textThe Neogene Erenlerdağ-Alacadağ (ErAVC) and Sulutas (SVC) volcanic complexes in the Konya Volcanic Field, Türkiye have distinctly different unimodal and bimodal compositional variations, respectively. They occurred in graben-like extensional basins behind the retreating Cyprus subduction zone between the African and Eurasian plates. We here investigate their compositional modality by using new and published whole-rock major and trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data. Both complexes are characterized by basaltic to rhyodacitic high-K calc-alkaline rocks with the geochemical signatures of orogenic volcanism, except for minor alkaline rocks in the SVC. Mass-balance models suggest that major element variations can be largely explained by the fractional crystallization of amphibole, plagioclase, and Fe-Ti oxides. However, Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes show correlations with SiO2 indicating that open-system processes played a role in their differentiation. Modeling of AFC (Assimilation and Fractional Crystallization) involving a recharge situation shows that low degrees of crustal assimilation (rate of assimilation/rate of fractional crystallization, r 0.2 and crust/magma ratio, ρ: 15–16 %) of lower and upper crust-like rocks was involved in the differentiation of the ErAVC and SVC, respectively. However, the modeling suggests that magma recharge (β: rate of magma recharge/rate of assimilation) was more efficient in the ErAVC (β: 3.45, % ∼52.5 rate of recharge) relative to that of the SVC (β: 2.15, % ∼36.55 rate of recharge). We conclude that for the ErAVC and SVC, different parental magmas derived from the subduction-modified mantle source followed distinct differentiation paths in the crust, and their compositional modality was mainly controlled by the magma recharge and mixing process. © 2024 Elsevier LtdSapienza Università di Roma; Konya Technical University Scientific Research Projects Coordination; University of Tasmania, UTAS; Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, KTU; Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK, (113Y415); Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, BAP, (211007055
Evidence for the Higgs Boson Decay To a Z Boson and a Photon at the Lhc
No full textThe first evidence for the Higgs boson decay to a Formula Presented boson and a photon is presented, with a statistical significance of 3.4 standard deviations. The result is derived from a combined analysis of the searches performed by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations with proton-proton collision datasets collected at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) from 2015 to 2018. These correspond to integrated luminosities of around Formula Presented for each experiment, at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The measured signal yield is Formula Presented times the standard model prediction, and agrees with the theoretical expectation within 1.9 standard deviations. © 2024 CERN, for the ATLAS and CMSs Collaboration
İnvestigation of the Effects of Reducing the Number of Balls To 3 in Double-Deck Roller Mills on Grinding
No full textIn engineering, optimum work and cost are taken as basis. It is very important to find the most appropriate solutions in terms of part cost, workload cost and time. Although the engineering profession is seen as a technical one throughout the world, cost analysis has become an indispensable issue in this profession. In this thesis study, the effects on grinding were examined by observing the effects of operating double-decker roller mills used in flour factories with 3 roller balls and comparing the roller mills operated with 4 roller balls. By using 3 roller balls instead of 4 roller balls, there is a difference in grinding between the two machines. It has been investigated that it does not exist. A total of 156 experiments were carried out with 200, 600 and 1000 kg of wheat from both machines in the same laboratory environments. According to the comparative test results, these tests are standard test stages for grinding quality in flour factories and the tests are; * groove characteristics of roller balls * load flow to the roller mill and roller characteristics * Made using parameters such as roll speed and cycle rates. The results of these tests are close to each other in terms of grinding, and it has been seen that using 3 roller balls instead of 4 roller balls in a double-deck roller mill does not cause any harm to grinding after all the conditions of the machine are met. In the experiments, the number of grooves of the rollers, their positions towards each other and the distances between the two roller balls, taking into account their inclination angles, determined the experimental results.Mühendislikte optimum çalışma ve maliyet esas alınmaktadır. Gerek parça maliyeti gerek iş yükü maliyeti gerekse süre yönüyle en uygun çözümler getirmek çok önem arz etmektedir. Dünya genelinde mühendislik mesleği ne kadar teknik bir durum olarak görülse de yapılan işlerde maliyet çalışması bu meslekte olmazsa olmaz bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasında, un fabrikalarında kullanılan çift katlı vals makinelerinin 3 silindir top ile çalıştırılması ve 4 silindir top ile çalıştırılan vals makinelerinin çalıştırılmasının karşılaştırılmasının etkilerini gözlemleyerek öğütmeye olan etkileri incelenmiş olup 4 silindir top yerine 3 silindir top kullanılarak, iki makine arasındaki öğütme olarak bir fark olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. İki makineden de aynı laboratuvar ortamlarda 200, 600, 1000'er kg'lık buğdaylar ile toplamda 156 adet deney yapılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalı deney sonuçlarına göre ki bu deneyler un fabrikalarında öğütme kalitesi için yapılan standart deney aşamaları olup deneyler; * silindir toplarının yiv özellikleri * valse gelen yük debisi ve vals özellikleri * vals hız ve çevrim oranları gibi parametreler kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan bu deney sonuçlarının öğütme olarak birbirine yakın olması, çift katlı bir valste 4 silindir top yerine makinenin tüm sartları sağlandıktan sonra 3 silindir top kullanılmasının öğütmeye bir mahsuru olmadığı görülmüştür. Deneylerde, vals toplarının yiv sayıları, eğim açıları göz önüne alınarak topların birbirlerine olan duruşları ve iki silindir toplar arası mesafeler deney sonuçlarını belirlemiştir
Equalizing Data Lengths Across Temperatures To Enhance Deep Learning Training for State of Charge Prediction
No full textState of charge (SOC) is an important value for electric vehicles as it provides information about how long they can be driven. Predicting SOC accurately has become an important research topic. Several systems and studies have been developed using various methods and algorithms such as deep learning, Kalman filter, and current counting to focus on SOC prediction at constant temperatures. However, it becomes more difficult to estimate SOC accurately as the temperature decreases. Since real temperatures vary between-30 degrees C and 50 degrees C depending on the season and region, temperature directly affects the performance of batteries. When the battery datasets publicly available on which many studies have been conducted are examined, it is found that the processing time varies according to temperature in the data of the same drive cycles. Therefore, when the data is intended to be utilized in artificial intelligence training, there is an imbalance in the data between temperatures, making it difficult for the trained model to generalize to different temperatures. This study proposes a method to solve the issue of imbalance in data between temperatures. The method generates multiple drive cycles from the same drive cycle by changing the sampling frequency of a drive cycle. By using these drive cycles in approximately equal amounts of data at all temperatures, the overall prediction error of the trained model is reduced. The proposed approach increases the accuracy of SOC estimation at low temperatures. Therefore, it has been shown that the proposed approach can be used in SOC estimation
Production and Characterization of Natural Waste Reinforced Biobased Polymer Composites
No full textTicari epoksi reçine, havacılık, otomotiv, rüzgar enerjisi, kompozit malzemeler, boyalar ve kaplamalar gibi geniş bir küresel pazar potansiyeline sahip olmasına rağmen, bir endokrin bozucu olan bisfenol-A (BPA) içermesi insan sağlığı ve çevre açısından araştırmacıları biyobazlı epoksi üretmeye teşvik etmektedir. Bu motivasyon tarafından beslenen bu tez çalışmasında, biyobazlı itakonik asit (İA) ile epiklorohidrin (EKH) arasında gerçekleşen esterifikasyon reaksiyonu yoluyla biyobazlı bir epoksi reçine (EİA) üretilmiştir. EİA'nın kimyasal yapısı FT-IR ve 1H NMR analizleri ile doğrulanmıştır. Zeytin küspesi (pirina) atığı (PA), takviye olarak; potansiyeli, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirliği ve maliyet tasarrufu özellikleri nedeniyle değerlendirilmiştir. Doğal atık takviye malzemesi, yüzey özelliklerini geliştirmek için sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) ile kimyasal işleme tabi tutulmuştur. Saf-PA ve NaOH ile modifiye edilmiş PA (NaOH-PA), bisfenol A tipi epoksi reçine (ER)-EİA karışım matris sisteminde ucuz takviye malzemesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile, modifiye ER sistemi ve takviye elemanlarının kompozit malzemelerin üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Takviye malzemeleri FT-IR, FE-SEM/EDX ve parçacık boyutu analizi ile karakterize edilirken, kompozitler TGA, SEM, su tutma ve temas açısı ölçümü (T.A.) ve mekanik testler kullanılarak karakterize edilmiştir. Morfolojik sonuçlar, alkali modifiye PA dolgu maddeleri ile ER-EİA matrisi arasındaki adezyonda bir artış olduğunu göstermiştir. NaOH-PA kompozitleri, hem saf ER-EİA hem de işlenmemiş PA kompozitlerine kıyasla daha yüksek çekme dayanımı sergilemiştir. Çalışma, ağırlıkça %20 NaOH ile modifiye edilmiş PA'dan (ağırlıkça %7:3) oluşan kompozit malzemenin çekme dayanımı (94,2 MPa) ve elastik modülü (E-modül) (7,1 GPa) açısından yüksek değerler gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. NaOH-PA takviyeli kompozitler hidrofobik yüzeyler sergilemiştir.Although commercial epoxy resin has a wide global market potential such as aerospace, automotive, wind energy, composite materials, paints and coatings, its content of bisphenol-A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, encourages researchers to produce biobased epoxy for human health and environmental reasons. In this thesis, fueled by this motivation, a biobased epoxy resin (EIA) was produced through the esterification reaction between biobased itaconic acid (IA) and epichlorohydrin (ECH). The chemical structure of EIA was confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR analyses. Olive pomace waste (PW) has been evaluated for its potential as a supplement, biodegradability and cost-saving properties. Chemical modification was carried out with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to improve the surface properties of the natural waste reinforcement material. Neat-PW and NaOH modified PW (NaOH-PW) was used as a cheap reinforcement material in the bisphenol A type epoxy resin (ER)-EIA mixture matrix system. This study emphasized the effect of modified ER system and reinforcement elements on composite materials. Reinforcements were characterized using FT-IR, FE-SEM/EDX and particle size analysis, while composites were characterized using TGA, SEM, water retention and contact angle measurement (C.A.) and mechanical tests. Morphological results showed an increase in adhesion between alkaline modified PW fillers and the ER-EIA matrix. NaOH-PW composites exhibited higher tensile strength compared to both pure ER-EIA and virgin PW composites. The study revealed that the composite material consisting of PW (7:3 wt%) modified with 20 wt% NaOH showed high values in terms of tensile strength (94.2 MPa) and elastic modulus (E-modulus) (7.1 GPa). Composites prepared with modified PWs exhibited hydrophobic surfaces
Effects of Paint Types Applied on Wood and Wood-Based Composite Boards on Fire Resistance
No full textFrom past to present, we have been using wooden materials in every aspect of our lives, both as building materials and furniture materials. With developing technology, wooden materials are improving day by day. For reasons such as the difficulty of maintenance and workability of natural wood materials, their high costs, and the excessive consumption of trees, which are the source of wood materials, the wood industry has started to search for alternatives and has given importance to the development of wood composite materials obtained by exposing wood to various processes. However, it knows that wood and wood composite materials are flammable materials. For this reason, the use of fire-resistant chemicals in the wood industry increased. It has been proven through various studies that compounds containing two or more elements such as Bromine (Br), Chlorine (Cl), Phosphorus (P), Boron (B), Nitrogen (N) are effective on flame resistance. In this study, the effects of fire retardant paints on wood and wood composite materials obtained from various tree species against fire investigated, as well as the physical and chemical properties of the obtained samples in the single-source flame test. As wood materials, poplar, fir, beech, pine, MDF, OSB and chipboard had used as wood composite materials. Fire resistant boron added paint and fire resistant water and solvent-based paint had used as fire resistant paint materials. These materials painted using by the brush method. At the end of the experiments, how wood and wood composite materials react to heat with fire retardant paints, their chemical and physical changes, ignition and ignition moments examined. Thermal camera views of the experimental materials before the experiment, after the experiment, during the experiment, and the moments of ignition and ignition photographed. Initial weights, painted weights, post-test weights, initial volumes, final volumes, initial dimensions and final dimensions of wood and wood composite materials determined, the average of the values calculated and graphs of ignition and ignition times has been made. The single source fire test carried out three times at the same standards and the results interpreted.Dünden bugüne gerek yapı malzemesi gerek mobilya malzemesi olarak hayatının her alanında ahşap malzemeyi kullanmaktayız. Gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte ahşap malzemeler gün geçtikçe gelişim göstermektedir. Doğal ahşap malzemenin bakımı ve işlene bilirliğinin zor olması, maliyetlerinin yüksek olması, ahşap malzemenin kaynağı olan ağaçların fazlaca tüketilmesi gibi nedenlerle ahşap endüstrisi alternatif arayışına girmiş ve ahşapların çeşitli işlemlere maruz kalmasıyla elde edilen ahşap kompozit malzemelerin geliştirilmesine önem vermiştir. Bununla beraber ahşap ve ahşap kompozit malzemelerin yanabilen malzemeler olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle yangına dayanıklı kimyasalların ahşap sektöründe kullanımı artmıştır. Brom(Br), Klor(CI), Fosfor(P), Bor(B), Azot(N) gibi iki veya daha fazla element içeren bileşiklerin alev dayanımı üzerinde etkili olduğu çeşitli araştırmalar sonucu kanıtlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada yangın geciktirici boyaların, çeşitli ağaç türlerinden elde edilen ahşap ve ahşap kompozit malzemeler üzerinde yangına karşı ne gibi etkilerinin olduğu ayrıca elde edilen numunelerin gerçekleştirilen tek kaynaklı alev deneyinde fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Ahşap malzeme olarak kavak, köknar, kayın, çam ahşap kompozit malzeme olarak MDF, OSB, sunta yangına dayanıklı boya malzemesi olarak yangına dayanıklı bor katkılı boya, yangına dayanıklı su ve solvent bazlı boya kullanılmıştır. Bu malzemeler fırça yöntemiyle boyanmıştır. Deneyler sonunda, ahşap ve ahşap kompozit malzemelerin yangın geciktirici boyalar ile ısıya karşı nasıl tepki verdikleri kimyasal, fiziksel değişimleri, alev alma, tutuşma anları incelenmiştir. Deney malzemelerinin deney öncesi, deney sonrası, deney esnasındaki termal kamera görünümleri, tutuşma ve alev alma anları fotoğraflanmıştır. Ahşap ve ahşap kompozit malzemelerin ilk ağırlıkları, boyalı ağırlıkları, deney sonrası ağırlıkları, ilk hacimleri son hacimleri, ilk ebatları son ebatları belirlenmiş, değerlerin ortalamaları hesaplanmış ve grafikleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan tek kaynaklı yangın deneyi aynı standartlarda üç defa gerçekleştirilmiş sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır
Consortium Blockchain Based Secure and Efficient Data Aggregation and Dynamic Billing System in Smart Grid
No full textIn a smart grid, collected electricity consumption periodically from smart meters allow entities to bill the customers, power company to operate the grid successfully, and users to control the use of their appliances. However, energy consumptions of users should be protected since the data provides the user's daily habit that an adversary uses the data to extract useful information about the users. Moreover, users' identities should not be disclosed to untrusted entities since the untrusted entities map identities to their real identities. In this paper, we propose a system that protects users' data privacy using multi-pseudorandom identities and a randomization technique. Moreover, the proposed work provides fast authentication for smart meters to send their readings to data aggregators. Furthermore, the proposed work is based on consortium blockchain to eliminate a single point of failure and provides transparency of messages and operations. In addition, we use dynamic billing and pricing mechanism for the users to see their bills.No Statement AvailableKonya Technical Universit
Biocompatible Sugar Beet Molasses Carbon Dots as Potential Elicitor To Improve Bioactive Compounds of Wheatgrass Juice
No full textPurpose The enrichment of health-promoting compounds in plants and foods has received significant research attention over the past years, leading researchers to use cutting-edge technologies like elicitation in agriculture and food production systems. Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to function as effective elicitors, enhancing the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Although carbon dots (CDs) are at the forefront due to their favorable characteristics, such as being green, biocompatible, and low toxicity, their functions as elicitors have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the potential effect of sugar beet molasses carbon dots (SBM-CDs), characterized by their endogenous food-borne nature as elicitors, on the agronomic and bioactive compounds of wheatgrass juice obtained from hydroponically cultivated wheatgrasses. Methods Wheatgrasses were grown with and without SBM-CDs extracted from molasses at 50-200 mg L- 1 concentrations through a nutrient solution in a hydroponic system. After 7 days, wheatgrass juice was obtained by squeezing wheatgrass. The effects of SBM-CDs were investigated by assessing the agronomic parameters and bioactive compounds of wheatgrass juice. Results The amount of beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and chlorophyll a increased by 150%, 84%, 25%, and 89%, respectively, with the application of 200 mg L- 1 SBM-CDs (p 0.01) in comparison with the control group (the application without SBM-CDs). Besides, this application resulted in a 34% increase in the total quantity of tested phenolic compounds. Conclusions These data suggest that our biomass-derived renewable CDs may be a novel category of elicitors for enhancing the production of bioactive compounds in wheatgrass.This study was funded by the coordinatorship of scientific research projects of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey (Project number: 21401039). Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB ; Idot;TAK).Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey [21401039]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiy