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The Role of Landscaping on Buildings' Energy Efficiency
No full text63iconarch:S2During the recent years, the number of buildings has been increased with the rapid growth of populations in cities, which cause proliferation in the total energy consumption. It also has negative impacts on the urban environment. Today, one of the challenges of buildings' design is to find some efficient solutions to reduce the energy consumption. For this purpose, different types of construction materials and methods have been applied. Over the past few years, sustainable building design which is an energy and ecologically consciousness approach has gained significant importance in urban design. According to the goals of this term, structural materials are not sufficient enough uniquely. Therefore, new adaption strategies such as placing the vegetation directly on buildings (rooftop garden, green walls and etc.) have become more efficient. In this study, the role of landscaping on energy efficiencies of the buildings has been evaluated. Various methods of integrating plants to the buildings have been analyzed in order to decrease the energy consumption. In addition, the methods have been compared with construction materials from different points of view: the energy consumption, the surface temperatures and energy fluxes out of buildings and their effects on environmental problems. The results obtained from different studies indicate that landscaping has significant role on optimizing energy performance in buildings especially during utility peak demand period. Although, landscaping would require more time and cost initially in contrast with construction materials used in buildings. Within the scope of sustainable design in urban area, it is obvious that using the plants in buildings will have positive impacts resolving the environmental issues and energy saving comparing to non-vegetated buildings
Sustainability in Architecture and the Limitations of Environmental Assessment Tools
No full text84iconarch:S5The methods to achieve sustainability in architecture have continuously entered the architectural scene with different conceptualizations of the tie between the elements of the 'tripolar mode l:' Society, environment, and economics. Although the roots of this model are first delineated in Brundtland report (1987) and concretized at the Rio Conference (1992), there is actually no consensus on how to conceptualize its framework. The model acts as a discourse, but it hasn't yet reached such a status to define a Khunian paradigm that might lead to a universal way of interpreting the elements of the model. Despite the lack of a generally accepted paradigm, the field is in the search of defining "best practices." Current researches on building environmental assessment tools best illustrate this trend. The paper aligns itself with researches that aim to take benefit from multiple perspectives of designing sustainably to enable the making of "green knowledge." In order to pave the way for this multiplicity, the paper discusses the influence of environmental assessment methods on design process, through three case study methods: BRE Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM), la Demarche Haute Qualite Environnementale (HQE) and Deutschen Gesellschaft for Nachhaltiges Bauen (DGNB) certification system. While underlining the aspects of design process that is tom between objective and subjective decisions, the paper discusses the role of assessment methods in framing these decisions. The paper first delves into the epistemological and theoretical point of views that have prepared these methods. This examination bases on the design epistemology of Nigel Cross, that is, the study of "designerly ways of knowing." The paper, then criticizes these tools as to their positivist approach to design problems and their influence on limiting the design alternatives. This discussion is essential because due to the appeal of these assessment tools in marketing the projects, they would become the mainstream practice
A Digital Reconstruction of Visual Experience and the Sebasteion of Aphrodisias
No full text56iconarch:S5Today, computers enabled architects to represent their ideas in a fast and more efficient way compared to making drawings by hand. It enabled architects to visualize their ideas in a way that hand drawings cannot. This paper is an attempt to make digital reconstructions to provide the visual experiences of the ancient city Aphrodisias in westem Asia Minor and its temple dedicated to divine emperors known as the Sebasteion of Aphrodisias. Its aim is to show that by using common architectural softwares one can overcome the possible problems of graphic representations in the history of architecture. Moreover, this study focuses not only on the interpretations of the data at hand but also demonstrates how the missing information defines and shapes the digital models in order to convey the meaning of the buildings
A New Spatial Experience of Art Via Technology
No full text81iconarch:S3Art and technology are (must be) mutually exclusive according to the conventional approach, as they refer to distinct realms. However, these two fields have a great interaction, and this interaction occurs not only in the creation of an art object but also during its display. Museums and galleries increasingly deploy computer-based interpretation devices such as tour/personal guides, or suggest applications for smartphones and tablets. Such kinds of digital technology provide relevant information for visitors and allow for a better engagement with the art object. Furthermore, creators seek to provide novel experiences by using new technologies in exhibitions. This is not something like simple setups or demonstrations; technology here refers to a creative usage as an exhibition method for fine arts. Exhibition spaces, on the other hand, have an essential role in the presentation of art objects, and in the implementation of new technologies. Architectural space is reinterpreted by technology to create new experiences for visitors. The objective of this paper is to present the effects of technology on exhibitions and especially on exhibition spaces in today's digital age. It is proposed that this new technological insertion will make space the exhibition object itself; and this spatialized art will depend on a collaboration of technology and architecture. This concept is highlighted in the exhibition; "Van Gogh Alive - The Experience," which utilizes unique systems combining still images, motion graphics and surround sound together in a space. This new and different expression of art is also evaluated in comparison with the original exhibition in the Van Gogh Museum
Konya İl Merkezinde Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Öncesi ve Sonrası Gebe ve Bebek İzlemleri
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmada, gebe izlemlerinin gebelik haftasına ve bebek izlemlerinin bebeğin ayına uygun olarak yapılıp yapılmadığının sahada değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu tekrarlayan kesitsel araştırma, Konya il merkezinde yapıldı. 2006 yılında gebeler için örnek büyüklüğü, kentsel toplumda bilinen doğum öncesi bakım alma oranı dikkate alınarak hesaplandı (n=175). Bebekler için de aynı örnek büyüklüğü temel alındı. Kümelerin alınacağı mahalleler, rasgele belirlendi. 2011 yılında da aynı örnek hacmi ve aynı süreç uygulandı. Veriler, gebe ve bebek anneleriyle yüz yüze görüşülerek toplandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya alınan gebelerin gebelik haftası ortalaması 25±9 idi. 2006 yılında izlenmeyen gebe oranı % 23 iken 2011’de % 7 idi (P0.001). 2006 ve 2011 yıllarında ortanca gebe izlem sayısı sırasıyla 2 ve 3’tü (P0.001). Gebelerin, Sağlık Bakanlığının protokollerine göre, vaktinde ve uygun sayıda izlenme oranı 2006’da % 51, 2011’de % 79 idi (P0.001). Hekim ve ebe-hemşire izlemleri birlikte ele alındığında antenatal bakım alma oranı 5 yıl içinde % 91’den % 99’a yükselmişti (P0.01). Araştırmaya dâhil edilen bebeklerin yaş ortalaması 6±3 ay idi. Hiç izlenmeyen bebek oranı 2006’de % 6, 2011’de % 2’ydi (P0.01). Ortanca bebek izlem sayısı 2006’da 3 iken 2011’de 4’tü (P0.01). Protokolde belirtilen aralıklara uygun izlenme oranı % 33’den % 18’e düştüğü hesaplandı (P0.01). Sonuç: Kentsel toplumda gebe ve bebek izlem parametrelerinin çoğu artış gösterirken, bebeklerin vaktinde izlem oranında sağlıkta dönüşüm sonrasında gerileme olmuştur
BİYOGRAFİK AÇIDAN İSMAİL SAFA'NIN ŞİİRLERİ
No full textEdebî eserin konusu ve teması ile sanatçının hayatı arasında benzerlik ve paralellikleri tespit etmek, eserde sanatçının hayatından izler aramak, uzun geçmişi olan bir inceleme yöntemidir. İsmail Safa; şiirlerinde hayatından çok sayıda izler barındıran, hayatındaki dönüm noktalarını sıkça şiirine taşıyan ve yaşadıkları, eserini doğrudan etkileyen bir şairdir. Bu yazıda İsmail Safa'nın, hayatına ilişkin kesitleri aktaran, kendisi için bazı önemli izleklerin ifade edildiği şiirleri değerlendirilmiştir. Safa'nın hayatıyla şiirleri arasındaki ortak noktalar; ,Eğitim', ,Aile Hayatı' ve ,Çocukluk ve İlk Gençlik Anıları' başlıkları altında incelenmiştir