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Insomnia Patients Have a Poor Intestinal Prognosis: Accompanied by Microbiota-Derived Short Chain Fatty Acids, Diet and Zonulin
No full textBackground: It is becoming increasingly clear that the relationship between sleep disturbance and gut microbiota metabolites is of great importance. Aims: This study aimed to examine the changes in microbiota metabolites, brain-derived neurotrophic factors and synaptic proteins in insomnia patients, with a particular focus on the impact of diet. Methods: A total of 41 patients with insomnia and 45 healthy individuals participated in the study. The Food Frequency Questionnaire was employed to ascertain the subjects' daily macronutrient intake over the previous month. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were used to evaluate insomnia complaints. The concentration of faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was quantified by gas chromatography. Serum zonulin, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin-like protein 1 (SYPL1) protein levels were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: The total SCFAs, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid levels were found to be significantly lower in the insomnia patient group compared to the control group. The levels of zonulin, PSD-95 and SYPL1 were found to be significantly elevated in the insomnia patient group in comparison to the control group. A significant negative correlation was observed between PSQI and ISI values and fatty acids. Conclusions: It has been demonstrated that sleep deprivation may be associated with alterations in the metabolites produced by the gut microbiota. In Western countries where dietary fibre consumption is low, increasing SCFA levels, promoting gut integrity and homeostasis may be regarded as a promising new approach for the treatment of diseases such as insomnia
Measurement of the t(t)over-barH and tH Production Rates in the H →b(b)over-bar Decay Channel Using Proton-Proton Collision Data at √s=13 Tev
No full textAn analysis of the production of a Higgs boson (H) in association with a top quark-antiquark pair (tt¯H) or a single top quark (tH) is presented. The Higgs boson decay into a bottom quark-antiquark pair (H → bb¯) is targeted, and three different final states of the top quark decays are considered, defined by the number of leptons (electrons or muons) in the event. The analysis utilises proton-proton collision data collected at the CERN LHC with the CMS experiment at s = 13 TeV in 2016–2018, which correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. The observed tt¯H production rate relative to the standard model expectation is 0.33 ± 0.26 = 0.33 ± 0.17(stat) ± 0.21(syst). Additionally, the tt¯H production rate is determined in intervals of Higgs boson transverse momentum. An upper limit at 95% confidence level is set on the tH production rate of 14.6 times the standard model prediction, with an expectation of 19.3−6.0+9.2. Finally, constraints are derived on the strength and structure of the coupling between the Higgs boson and the top quark from simultaneous extraction of the tt¯H and tH production rates, and the results are combined with those obtained in other Higgs boson decay channels. © The Author(s) 2025.Ministry of Education and Science, MES; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, BUAP; Center for African Studies, CAS; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT; Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, DAE; PCTI; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, NASU; National Science and Technology Development Agency, NSTDA; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; MSES; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, MOE; National Science Foundation, NSF; Missouri University of Science and Technology, MST; Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, IN2P3; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; F.R.S.-FNRS; Council of Science and Industrial Research; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CINVESTAV; Ministério da Educação e Ciência, MEC; MEYS; Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, FAPERJ; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN; Universiti Malaya, UM; Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung, BMBWF; FAIR; National Science Council, NSC; Ministry of Science,Technology and Research, MoSTR; Hispanics in Philanthropy, HIP; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Secretaría de Educación Pública, SEP; Austrian Science Fund, FWF; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India, DSTIndia; Chulalongkorn Academic; Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías; ERDF; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, FWO; Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TUBITAK; LMTLT; Research Council of Finland, AKA; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, PAEC; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES; California Earthquake Authority, CEA; Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu, TENMAK; Nvidia Corporation; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG; LNS; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MPNTR; Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture; Science Foundation Ireland, SFI; U.S. Department of Energy, ENERGYGOV; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP; Cosmetic Surgery Foundation, CSF; Agencia Estatal de Investigación, AEI; ICSC; FRIA-Belgium; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, MOST; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; General Secretariat for Research and Innovation, GSRI; Bulgarian National Science Fund, BNSF; Latvian Council of Science; Hugh Green Foundation, HGF; Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación; Maryland Ornithological Society, MOS; Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Thailand, MHESI; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, FNRS; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, FAPERGS; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, SRNSF; Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, IPM; Leventis Foundation; Swiss Funding Agencies; European Research Council; CERN, CERN; National Retail Federation, NRF; Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning, MSIP; Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, SENESCYT; Ministry for Business Innovation and Employment, MBIE; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN; Weston Havens Foundation; Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, UASLP; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC; Kavli Foundation; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, (CEECIND/01334/2018); Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, (MDM-2017-0765); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, (400140256 — GRK2497, 390833306); National Science Center, (2021/43/B/ST2/01552, 2021/41/B/ST2/01369); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund, (B39G670016); Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, (FR-22-985); Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, NKFIH, (K 133046, K 131991, K 146914, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, K 138136, K 143477, K 143460, TKP2021-NKTA-64, K 147048, K 146913); Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, NKFIH; Qatar National Research Fund, (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033); Excellence of Science, (30820817); Engineering Research Centers, ERC, (MoER TK202); Engineering Research Centers, ERC; COST, (CA16108); Horizon 2020, (101002207, 724704, 101115353, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 675440); Welch Foundation, (C-1845); Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, (22rl-037); Ministry of Education and Science, (2022/WK/14); Beijing Municipal Science ; Technology Commission, (Z191100007219010
İnsan Aktivite Tanıması için Yeni Bir Veri Kümesi ve Derin Öğrenme Modelleri ile Sınıflandırılması
No full textMobil sensörler ile insan aktivite tanıma, giyilebilir ve mobil sensörlerin artması nedeniyle son yıllarda ilgi çekici bir araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. Müslüman hayatında Namaz, müminlerin günde beş vakit kılmak zorunda oldukları bir aktivitedir. Bu çalışmada insan aktivitesi tanımada kullanılmak üzere namaz kılmayı da içeren yeni bir veri kümesi sunulmaktadır. HAR-P (Human Activity Recognition for Praying) adını verdiğimiz veri setinde yürüme, koşma, yazı yazma, merdiven inme, merdiven çıkma, oturma, ayakta durma ve namaz kılma gibi 8 aktivite için doğrusal hızlanma, ivme, manyetik alan ve jiroskop sensör verileri yer almaktadır. HAR-P veri seti için akıllı saat ile 15-60 yaş arası 50 erkek gönüllüden veri toplanmıştır. HAR-P veri kümesinde LSTM, ConvLSTM ve CNN-LSTM modellerinin sınıflandırma başarısı karşılaştırılmıştır. Ortalama en yüksek başarı oranı olan %91’e doğrusal hızlanma sensörü ile LSTM yöntemi ve ivme sensörü ile ConvLSTM modelinde ulaşılırken, en düşük ortalama başarı oranı olan %83,6’a jiroskop sensörü ve ConvLSTM yöntemi ile ulaşılmıştır
Preliminary Laboratory Assessment of the Removal of Heavy Metals From Metal Plating Wastewater by Electrocoagulation
No full textThe main aim of this study was the removal of heavy metal ions, namely aluminium (Al3+), chromium (Cr3+), zinc (Zn+2), lead (Pb2+) and arsenic (As3+) from metal plating wastewater using electrocoagulation (EC) technique. The Fe-Fe and Fe-Cu electrode pair configuration was used in the reactor. The influence of electrode material, EC time and wastewater pH on removal performance was investigated. The results showed that the heavy metal removal efficiency was higher when using the Fe-Cu electrode pair. Over 90% of heavy metal ions (Cr3+, Zn+2, Pb2+ and As3+) were removed efficiently by conducting the EC treatment at current density (CD) of 12.6 mA/cm2, pH of 6.2 and EC time of 30 min. These operating conditions led to specific energy consumption and specific amount of dissolved electrodes of around 20 kWh/m3 and 0.87 kg/m3, respectively. The kinetic study showed that the removal of such heavy metal ions follows pseudo first-order model.Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-proft sectors.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK
A Cutting-Edge Multilayer Nanofiber Wound Dressing: Design, Synthesis, and Investigation for Enhanced Wound Healing in Vitro and in Vivo
No full textWounds, disruptions in normal anatomy, are classified as acute or chronic. The choice of wound treatment relies significantly on dressing materials. Electrospun nanofibrous materials offer promising applications in wound healing, featuring a substantial surface area, close mimicry of the natural extracellular matrix, and adjustable water resistance, air permeability, and drug release. This research endeavors to formulate an innovative three-layered nanofibrous wound dressing using the electrospinning technique with the primary objectives of enhancing patient well-being, exhibiting antimicrobial characteristics, and expediting wound healing. The designed dressing comprises nanofibers of polyurethane (PU), quercetin (Q)-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and gelatin. Characterization of individual layers and the integrated wound dressing was conducted through SEM and FT-IR analyses. The efficacy of the nanofibrous wound dressing was assessed through in vitro human cell culture and in vivo rat wound models. The anti-toxic effects of nanofiber wound dressing on human epithelial and keratin cells have been proven. In vitro wound models in 24-well plates were utilized to assess the impact on wound healing rates. Photographic documentation of wound closure was performed at the different treatment hours, revealing complete closure of the wounds by the end of the 48th hour. Rats with 2 × 1 cm wounds were treated with the nanofibrous dressings, and wound healing progress was observed over a 14-day period. qRT-PCR was employed to analyze MMP-9, TIMP1, COL1A1, PDGFA, and VEGFC mRNA expressions. With its contemporary design surpassing existing treatments, the nanofiber wound dressing stands out for its wound-healing acceleration and antibacterial properties. © 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK, (120Z942); Selçuk University Research Foundation, (21406003
Effect of Hydration Products on the Mechanical Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Made With Ternary Systems
No full textDurability problems occur in concretes used in underground structures due to the effect of sulphate in groundwater. However, these structures need to be manufactured quickly to avoid economic, environmental and structural adversities. In this study, by using ternary systems, both the permeability properties of the concretes were improved and high early age strength was achieved compared to conventional concretes, and it was aimed to ensure that these structures are both resistant to external influences and much faster production compared to conventional methods. Within the scope of this study, ternary mixtures were formed using Calcium Aluminate Cement, silica fume and gypsum, which can be used in such underground structures and have a higher resistance to durability problems than OPC. Reinforced concrete slabs were produced from these mixes and the structural behavior of these slabs was determined experimentally. On the other hand, the internal structures of the mixtures were determined by microstructure analysis. In the light of the data obtained, when mechanical and microstructure tests were examined together, it was found that water impermeability increased as the amount of ettringite in the ternary blends increased, particularly in the internal structure. It is also understood that the filling effect of silica fume has a positive effect on impermeability. When the ductility behavior of reinforced concrete slabs made from ternary mixtures is examined, it can be seen that the ductility in these slabs increases as the amount of ettringite increases. Also, it was determined that the water impermeability of the samples prepared with mineral additives was up to 2.75 times better than the reference sample. The compressive strengths at the end of 1 day, according to the 28-day ultimate compressive strengths of the reference, high silica fume and high gypsum samples, are 66.50 %, 41.00 % and 43.55 %, respectively. The ductility of the reference specimen on day 1 and day 28 was found to be 14.53 % and 25.94 % higher than the specimen with high silica fume content, respectively; and 50.74 % and 24.37 % higher than the specimen with high gypsum content, respectively.Konya Technical University, Turkiye Research Projects Office [BAP-211004058]This study was prepared from the master thesis of Nuri Osman Emekli with the advisor of Alptug UEnal, which was accepted by Konya Technical University, Graduate Education Institute, Department of Civil Engineering. This study was sponsored by Konya Technical University, Turkiye Research Projects Office (BAP-211004058)
An Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Reinforced Concrete Beams Damaged at Different Levels of Shear Damage and Strengthening With CFRP Sheets
No full textIn this study, a series of investigations have been planned to examine the altered mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams that have experienced different levels of shear damage under vertical loads, through the application of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strengthening. Both experimental and numerical approaches will be utilized to analyze these effects comprehensively. Within the scope of this study, four reinforced concrete beams with rectangular cross-sections and inadequate shear strength were subjected to vertical loads. One of these beams was designated as the reference beam, while the other three beams were loaded to induce varying levels of damage, corresponding to 50%, 65%, and 85% of the reference beam's shear capacity. Subsequently, these beams were strengthening with CFRP strips at shear spans of 12.5/10 cm width and spacing. The experiments were then repeated with this strengthening. Models were created using the ABAQUS finite element program, considering support, load, and material conditions, to simulate the experiments accurately. At the conclusion of the study, the maximum load-carrying capacity obtained from the Finite Element Model (FEM) was found to be between 95% to 105% of the maximum experimental Load-Carrying Capacity (Pu). Additionally, the study demonstrated that the crack mechanisms occurring in the beams during the experiments were in perfect agreement with those predicted by the finite element analysis
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide-Based Epoxy Hybrid Nanocomposites: Investigation of Nanofiller Modification Effect
No full textMulti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are important nanomaterials utilized in various research and technological applications. Graphene oxide (GO) is another fascinating material that can be effectively applied in various fields, including nanocomposite materials, energy storage, biomedical applications, and catalysis. This study first examined the effect of hybridizing a 1:1 wt ratio mixture of modified carboxyl-functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTCOOH) and graphene oxide (GO) nanofillers on the properties of novel epoxy resin (ER)based composites. GO was synthesized from graphite. The surface modification of both nanoparticles was performed using polyaniline (PANI) and/or ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (IL). The hybrid reinforcement ratio in ER ranged from 0.5 % to 2 % by weight. At the reinforcement ratio of 1.5 wt%, the increase in tensile strength of all nanocomposites compared to ER varied between 22.2 % and 62.8 %. Modification with PANI showed improved mechanical, thermal, and electrical conductivity, as well as enhanced durability in hot water compared to IL. Additionally, PANI and IL further increased the chemical resistance of the hybrid nanocomposites. The highest and lowest glass transition temperatures (Tg) correspond to the 1.5 wt% PANIMWCNTCOOH/ GO (108.60 degrees C) and the IL-MWCNTCOOH/ GO (97.99 degrees C) hybrid nanocomposites, respectively. The electrical conductivity ranges in value from 6.9 x 10-8 to 1.22 x 10-4 S/cm, depending on the hybrid nanocomposite type. The nanocomposites demonstrated superior UV resistance compared to ER, showing an absorbance range of 0.305 to 1.391 a.u. Furthermore, the ANOVA test demonstrated the impact of the hybrid filler type and ratio on the nanocomposite's mechanical properties.The authors thank the Scientific Research Foundation of Konya Technical University (Support project No: 232216034) .Scientific Research Foundation of Konya Technical University [232216034
NanoUnet: A Novel Deep Neural Network for Segmentation of Organs at Risk and Gross Tumors in Head and Neck Cancers
No full textHead and neck cancers are of paramount importance due to their high prevalence and potential fatality, making early diagnosis and precise treatment planning crucial. Accurate identification and segmentation of OARs is essential in minimizing radiation exposure to healthy tissues during treatment. This study introduces NanoUnet, a novel deep learning network designed to overcome challenges in segmenting OARs from CT scans. NanoUnet employs depthwise separable convolutions, reducing computational complexity by 95.7% while maintaining high performance, achieving a Dice score of 0.981 for larger structures such as the brainstem and 0.803 for smaller, more complex structures. Additionally, SE blocks are integrated to enhance segmentation accuracy through focused feature recalibration, leading to improved performance across 24 different OAR classes, including critical structures like the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. Evaluated on the Segrap 2023 dataset, NanoUnet demonstrated superior segmentation accuracy, making it well-suited for clinical applications. These findings support NanoUnet's potential to enhance treatment planning accuracy and efficiency for head and neck cancer patients, contributing to the field's advancement towards personalized and precise radiotherapy
Makine Öğrenmesinde Sektörel Veri Entegrasyonu: Emlak Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklığı Hisse Senedi Fiyat Tahmini
No full textBu çalışmanın temel amacı, Emlak Konut Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklığı (EKGYO) hisse senedi fiyatlarını tahmin etmek amacıyla sektörel veriler ve gelişmiş makine öğrenimi modellerini kullanmaktır. EKGYO hisse senedi fiyatları ile makroekonomik göstergeler arasındaki güçlü korelasyonlar, genel ekonomik şartların gayrimenkul sektörünün finansal performansı üzerindeki etkilerini gözler önüne sermektedir. Çalışmada, USD/TL kuru, konut fiyat endeksi, yurt içi üretici fiyat endeksi (Yİ-ÜFE) ve ipotekli konut satışları gibi önemli ekonomik göstergeler incelenmiş ve bu göstergeler ile EKGYO hisse senedi fiyatları arasındaki ilişki detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir. Ampirik bulgular, Kalman Filtresi modelinin en düşük ortalama mutlak hata (MAE), ortalama kare hata (MSE) ve kök ortalama kare hata (RMSE) değerleri ile en yüksek tahmin doğruluğunu sağladığını göstermektedir. Bu durum, Kalman Filtresi modelinin finansal verilerdeki dalgalanmaları yönetebilme ve doğru tahminler sunabilme potansiyelini ortaya koymaktadır. Kalman Filtresi ile karşılaştırıldığında biraz daha yüksek hata oranlarına sahip olmasına rağmen ETS modelinin de iyi bir performans sergilediği görülmüştür. Buna karşın, Neural Prophet modeli, mevsimsellik ve trendleri yakalamaya yönelik gelişmiş tasarımına rağmen, karmaşık finansal veri setlerinde veya kısa vadeli tahminlerde bazı sınırlamaları işaret eden daha yüksek hata oranlarına sahiptir