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Piyasa Duyarlılığını Tahmin Etmek: NASDAQ Global Select Market'teki Yazılım Şirketlerinin Beta Katsayısında Yönetim Kurulu Yapısının Rolü
No full textBu çalışma, NASDAQ Global Select Market'te listelenen yazılım şirketlerinde yönetim kurulu yapısının Beta ile ölçülen piyasa duyarlılığını nasıl etkilediğini incelemektedir. Yönetim kurulu büyüklüğü, toplantı sıklığı ve yönetici ücretleri gibi yönetişim ölçütlerine odaklanan araştırma, bunların 2014-2023 yılları arasında Beta üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmektedir. Karar Ağaçları ve Torbalı Sınıflandırıcılar dahil olmak üzere makine öğrenimi modelleri, doğruluk, kesinlik, geri çağırma ve F1 puanlarını kullanarak bu ilişkiyi değerlendirmektedir. Bulgular, yönetişim faktörlerinin piyasa duyarlılığını önemli ölçüde etkilediğini ve yazılım gibi değişken sektörlerde firma riskini yöneten kurumsal liderler ve yatırımcılar için değerli içgörüler sunduğunu göstermektedir
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Reinforcement Types and Placements on Torsional Behavior in Reinforced Concrete Beams
No full textReinforced concrete systems are among the most widely used structural systems in the construction sector today, and a detailed investigation of the behavior of their fundamental components is of great importance in terms of structural safety. Beams, as critical load-bearing elements in reinforced concrete structures, transfer loads from slabs to columns and are subjected to various internal forces such as bending, shear, and torsion. Although the torsional effect is often considered a secondary action, it becomes a dominant internal force in structures with irregular geometries, edge beams, and cantilever elements. In this context, damage assessments conducted after past earthquakes have revealed the critical role of torsion in structural behavior and the inadequacies in reinforcement detailing within the existing building stock. In this study, the effect of non-ribbed reinforcement bars, which were commonly used before the year 2000, on the torsional behavior of reinforced concrete beams was experimentally investigated in comparison with ribbed bars currently preferred in practice. A total of 16 beam specimens were prepared using different longitudinal reinforcement ratios (2ɸ12 and 3ɸ12) and various stirrup spacings (none, 5 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm), and were subjected to torsion tests using a specially designed experimental setup. The experimental data were evaluated in terms of rotational capacity, torsional moment, energy dissipation, and stiffness parameters. The results revealed that beams with non-ribbed reinforcement exhibited significant weaknesses in terms of torsional strength and ductility compared to those with ribbed reinforcement; moreover, the influence of longitudinal reinforcement amount and stirrup spacing on torsional behavior was clearly demonstrated. This study aims to contribute to the literature by supporting the evaluation of the existing building stock in terms of safety and by guiding the determination of effective reinforcement detailing in new reinforced concrete designs.Günümüzde betonarme sistemler, yapı sektöründe en yaygın kullanılan taşıyıcı sistemler arasında yer almakta olup, yapı güvenliği açısından bu sistemlerdeki temel elemanların davranışlarının ayrıntılı şekilde incelenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Kirişler, betonarme yapılarda yükleri döşemelerden kolonlara aktaran kritik taşıyıcı elemanlar olarak, eğilme, kesme ve burulma gibi çeşitli iç kuvvetlere maruz kalmaktadır. Özellikle burulma etkisi, çoğu zaman ikincil bir etki olarak değerlendirilmesine rağmen, düzensiz geometriye sahip yapılarda, kenar kirişlerde ve konsol elemanlarda belirleyici bir iç kuvvet olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, geçmiş depremler sonrası yapılan hasar analizleri, burulma etkisinin yapısal davranış üzerindeki kritik rolünü ve mevcut yapı stokunda donatı düzenlemelerine dair yetersizlikleri ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada, 2000 yılı öncesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan nervürsüz (düz) donatıların, günümüzde tercih edilen nervürlü donatılara kıyasla betonarme kirişlerin burulma davranışı üzerindeki etkisi deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Farklı boyuna donatı oranları (2ɸ12 ve 3ɸ12) ile çeşitli etriye aralıkları (etriyesiz, 5 cm, 10 cm ve 20 cm) kullanılarak toplam 16 adet kiriş numunesi hazırlanmış ve özel olarak kurulan deney düzeneğinde burulma testine tabi tutulmuştur. Deneysel veriler, dönme kapasitesi, burulma momenti, enerji tüketimi ve rijitlik parametreleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, nervürsüz donatı kullanılan kirişlerin, nervürlü donatılı kirişlere kıyasla burulma dayanımı ve süneklik açısından belirgin zafiyetler içerdiğini ortaya koymuş; ayrıca boyuna donatı adeti ve etriye aralıklarının burulma davranışı üzerindeki etkileri de açık biçimde gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışma, mevcut yapı stokunun güvenlik açısından değerlendirilmesi ve yeni betonarme tasarımlarında etkin donatı düzenlemelerinin belirlenmesi açısından literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır
From Lab to Market: Strategies for Stabilizing and Scaling Perovskite Solar Cells Via Printing Technologies
No full textDemonstrating significant achievements in efficiency, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have acquired unique positions in photovoltaics, offering alternatives to conventional commercial silicon solar cells. While there has been significant progress in enhancing photovoltaic performance, obvious stability problems remain a primary challenge that continues to hinder the commercial viability of PSCs. This present review first comprehensively discusses the main challenges to the commercialization of PSCs, including stability problems, ion migration, toxicity, and complexities in large-scale fabrication. It then effectively presents universal strategies to overcome the mentioned problems. Moreover, this review article examines various printing techniques that can be used to improve PSCs, emphasizing their benefits like low-cost components and procedures. Several printing processes are covered in the discussion, such as slot-die coating, spray coating, inkjet printing, doctor-blade coating, roll-to-roll printing, and screen printing. The potential uses of PSCs for the implementation of greenhouses, building-integrated photovoltaic systems, and indoor light energy harvesting. These uses highlight the adaptability of PSCs and demonstrate their ability to transform energy production technologies. Additionally, this review highlights the special qualities of perovskite materials that present chances to surpass silicon solar cells' efficiency restrictions and get close to the Shockley-Queisser limit. In conclusion, the current review provides a brief overview of recent developments, existing challenges, and opportunities of PSCs. It provides a thorough understanding of the merits of highly efficient PSCs fabricated by adopting printing methods to tackle stability problems along with facile fabrication of PSCs using simplified and cost-effective strategies.Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University; Anhui Provoncial Natural Science Foundation [2308085MF211]; [2/472/46]X.L. and S.A. contributed equally to this work. The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Research Project under grant number (R.G.P.2/472/46). Anhui Provoncial Natural Science Foundation (NO. 2308085MF211)
FeS2/WS2 Heterostructure: A Promising Candidate for Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy with Enhanced Photodynamic Effect and Antibacterial Activity
No full textFeS2, a member of metal chalcogenide semiconductors, is a cheap and available material with distinguishable photothermal activity under light irradiation. However, its photodynamic properties have to be improved for practical phototherapy applications. Therefore, in this study, FeS2/WS2 p-n junctions, comprising varying amounts of WS2, are synthesized using the simple hot injection method. Establishment of the heterostructure is verified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. p-n junction formation is further validated via calculations based on ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis.) spectrophotometer and XPS data. Photothermal and photodynamic properties of the samples are examined considering various aspects. The FeS2/WS2 heterostructure provides a heating response above 50 degrees C with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 52.6%. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation ability is observed to depend on the material concentration and O2 center dot ; oline; is determined as the primary reactive oxygen species. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the samples is tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria as a function of material concentration. At all concentrations, the FeS2/WS2 heterostructure exhibits higher activity than that of FeS2 nanoparticles. The efficiency of the sample against S. aureus and E. coli is calculated to be 100% and 99.4% respectively, at a low material concentration of 100 mu g mL-1.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tuerkiye (TUBITAK) [222M393]This work was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUEBITAK) (Project number: 222M393). This work was prepared from the data of the MSc thesis of Abdurrahman Mustafa
The Association of Food Rejection Behaviours in Preschool Children With Compliance to the Mediterranean Diet and Their Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
No full textFood refusal behaviours in preschool children can significantly impact their nutritional status and overall quality of life. This study investigated the relationship between food refusal behaviours, compliance with the Mediterranean diet and quality of life in preschool children. Conducted as a cross-sectional study, it included 400 children aged 4-6 years and their parents. The Child Food Rejection Scale measured food refusal behaviours, The Children's Mediterranean Diet Quality Scale (KIDMED) assessed compliance with the Mediterranean Diet and the Children Quality of Life-Questionnaire (Kiddy-KINDL) scale evaluated quality of life. The mean age of the children was 4middle dot>80 (sd 0middle dot>71) years. According to age-based BMI-Z scores, 71middle dot>0 % were normal, 15middle dot>5 % underweight, 9middle dot>0 % slightly overweight and 4middle dot>5 % obese. Parents' average age was 34middle dot>65 (SD 5middle dot>35) years; 96middle dot>8 % were married, 88middle dot>8 % had a nuclear family structure, 58middle dot>0 % were university graduates and 69middle dot>8 % rated their income level as moderate. Girls had higher food refusal scores than boys (P 0middle dot>05). Children who frequently fell ill also scored higher in food refusal (P 0middle dot>05). Food refusal decreased with higher family income, larger family size and older parental age (P 0middle dot>05). Parental nutrition education significantly reduced food refusal scores (P 0middle dot>05). Higher KIDMED scores were associated with lower food refusal (P 0middle dot>01), and children with low Kiddy-KINDL scores exhibited higher food refusal behaviours (P 0middle dot>01). A positive correlation was found between KIDMED and Kiddy-KINDL scores (P 0middle dot>01). No significant associations were detected between BMI Z scores and food rejection and its subscales. The findings suggest that compliance with the Mediterranean diet reduces food refusal behaviours in preschool children and increases quality of life, while low quality of life is associated with increased food refusal behaviours
Applicability of EIA Regulation – Problems Encountered in Marble Quarries
No full textMarble is one of the oldest building materials in human history. It was used in temples, sculptures, and monuments in Ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Today, it has become an almost indispensable material, used in various fields ranging from kitchens to decoration, artworks to walkways. However, the operation of marble quarries has negative environmental impacts. It leads to deforestation, soil erosion, and water pollution. Additionally, dust and waste materials generated by marble quarries contribute to air pollution and disrupt the ecosystem balance. Environmental Impact Assessment is a systematic process designed to identify the potential environmental impacts of a project in advance, minimize adverse effects, and develop sustainable solutions. Through EIA, the potential environmental damages caused by quarries can be identified beforehand, necessary precautions can be taken, and sustainable mining practices can be implemented. This thesis study examines the challenges encountered by investors during the implementation of EIA, which involves identifying environmental problems according to the type of activity and then developing methods to mitigate or eliminate these impacts. Specifically, the implementation principles of the relevant regulation in the mining sector were analyzed, challenges encountered in the field were identified, and both literature and field studies were conducted. As part of the research, a survey was conducted among workers (skilled personnel, engineers, consultants, and operators) at marble quarries in and around Konya, Turkey. The study analysed the compliance of current practices with regulations, identified deficiencies, and highlighted areas for improvement. The findings revealed that the regulation plays a crucial role in reducing environmental impacts, but implementation challenges are faced by quarry operators and skilled personnel. Engineers and consultants found the regulation technically applicable but noted the need for certain improvements. The most significant environmental issues identified were dust and wastewater, while deficiencies in waste management and inspection processes were also detected. Overall, to enhance the effectiveness of the regulation, recommendations such as increased training, transparency, and regulatory adjustments tailored to field conditions were proposed.Mermer, insanlık tarihinin en eski yapı malzemelerinden biridir. Antik Mısır, Yunan ve Roma medeniyetlerinde tapınaklar, heykeller ve anıtlar için kullanılmıştır. Günümüzde ise mutfaktan dekorasyona, sanat eserlerinden yürüyüş yollarına kadar çok çeşitli alanlarda kullanılan neredeyse vazgeçilmez bir malzeme halini almıştır. Ancak, mermer ocaklarının işletilmesi çevre üzerinde olumsuz etkilere yol açmaktadır. Ağaç kesimi, toprak erozyonu ve su kaynaklarının kirlenmesi gibi ekolojik sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca, mermer ocaklarından çıkan toz ve atıklar hava kirliliğine ve ekosistem dengesinin bozulmasına sebep olmaktadır. Çevresel Etki Değerlendirmesi, bir projenin çevre üzerindeki olası etkilerini önceden belirlemek, olumsuz etkileri en aza indirmek ve sürdürülebilir çözümler geliştirmek amacıyla yapılan sistematik bir süreçtir. ÇED sayesinde, ocakların çevreye verebileceği zararlar önceden belirlenerek gerekli önlemler alınmakta ve sürdürülebilir madencilik uygulamalarının hayata geçirilmesi sağlanmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasında; çevre sorunlarının ortadan kaldırılması için öncelikle faaliyetin türüne göre problemin belirlenmesi ve daha sonra etkinin azaltılması ve/veya ortadan kaldırması için yöntemler ortaya konulması çalışmalarını kapsayan ÇED çalışmasının yapılması sırasında yatırımcının karşılaştığı sorunlar üzerine çalışılmıştır. Özellikle madencilikte bahse konu yönetmeliğin uygulama esasları incelenmiş sahada yaşanan zorluklar belirlenmiş, literatür çalışması ve saha çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Konya İlinde ve yakın çevresinde bulunan mermer ocaklarında çalışanlarla (kalifiye elemanlar, mühendisler, danışmanlar ve faaliyet sahipleri) anket çalışması yapılarak, mevcut uygulamaların yönetmelikle uyumluluğu, eksiklikler ve iyileştirilmesi gereken alanlar analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; Yönetmeliğin çevresel etkileri azaltmada önemli olduğu, özellikle faaliyet sahipleri ve kalifiye elemanların uygulamada zorluklar yaşandıkları, mühendisler ve danışmanların yönetmeliğin teknik açıdan uygulanabilir olduğunu ancak bazı iyileştirmelere ihtiyaç duyulduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. En büyük çevresel sorunlar toz ve atıksu olarak öne çıkarken, pasa yönetimi ve denetim süreçlerinde eksiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak, yönetmeliğin etkinliğini artırmak için eğitim, şeffaflık ve saha koşullarına uyum sağlayacak düzenlemeler önerilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: ÇED Yönetmeliği, Çevresel İstatistik, Çevre Koruma, Madencilik Faaliyetleri, Mermer Ocakları, İnsan Sağlığ
Addressing Time Delays in Blood Glucose Regulation for T1DM Using a PD Controller and Smith Predictor Method
No full textDiabetes Mellitus, particularly Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM), is a condition where the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, causing abnormal Blood Glucose (BG) levels. Proper BG regulation is essential for managing T1DM and preventing related complications. In this research, a hybrid method that integrates the PD controller and Smith Predictor is employed to tackle the issue of time delays in blood glucose regulation for T1DM patients. This study compares two control strategies: a Proportional-Derivative (PD) controller and the Smith Predictor, both of which address time delays inherent in glucose monitoring and insulin delivery systems. The PD controller parameters are determined using MATLAB Simulink's PID Tuner, and the system's transfer function was derived through System Identification. The time response analysis of both control methods shows that while their rise times are similar, the Smith Predictor offers a significant reduction in delay and peak times. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Search for Bosons of an Extended Higgs Sector in B Quark Final States in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s=13 TeV
No full textWei, Wei/0000-0003-4221-1802; Smith, Nicholas/0000-0002-0324-3054; Sandro, Fonseca De Souza/0000-0001-7830-0837; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Tapper, Alexander/0000-0003-4543-864X; Diotalevi, Tommaso/0000-0003-0780-8785; Dansana, Soumya/0000-0002-7752-7471; Zhang, Yousen/0000-0002-6812-761X; Vai, Ilaria/0000-0003-0037-5032; Koraka, Charis Kleio/0000-0002-4548-9992; Tizchang, Seddigheh/0000-0002-9034-598X; Hall, Geoffrey/0000-0002-6299-8385; Kyberd, Paul/0000-0002-7353-7090; Gritsan, Andrei/0000-0002-3545-7970; Tytgat, Michael/0000-0002-3990-2074; Wittich, Peter/0000-0002-7401-2181; Luongo, Fabio/0000-0003-2743-4119; Forthomme, Laurent/0000-0002-3302-336X; Connor, Patrick/0000-0003-2500-1061; Mitra, Soureek/0000-0002-3060-2278; Karneyeu, Anton/0000-0001-9983-1004; Mitselmakher, Guenakh/0000-0001-5745-3658; Akhter, Towsifa/0000-0001-5965-2386; Kyriacou, Savvas/0000-0002-9254-4368; D'Anzi, Brunella/0000-0002-9361-3142; Redondo, Ignacio/0000-0003-3737-4121; Lee, Sung-Won/0000-0002-3388-8339; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Duarte, Javier Mauricio/0000-0002-5076-7096; Vannerom, David/0000-0002-2747-5095; Barroso Ferreira, Mapse/0000-0003-3904-0571; Roguljic, Matej/0000-0001-5311-3007; Saha, Nihar Ranjan/0000-0002-7954-7898; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; D'Enterria, David/0000-0002-5754-4303; Nanda, Shirsendu/0000-0003-0550-4083; Pitt, Michael/0000-0003-2461-5985; Evdokimov, Olga/0000-0002-1250-8931; Bodek, Arie/0000-0003-0409-0341; Moureaux, Louis/0000-0002-2310-9266; Huang, Tao/0000-0002-0793-5664; Garcia, Francisco/0000-0002-4023-7964A search for beyond-the-standard-model neutral Higgs bosons decaying to a pair of bottom quarks, and produced in association with at least one additional bottom quark, is performed with the CMS detector. The data were recorded in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.7-126.9 fb(-1), depending on the probed mass range. No signal above the standard model background expectation is observed. Upper limits on the production cross section times branching fraction are set for Higgs bosons in the mass range of 125-1800 GeV. The results are interpreted in benchmark scenarios of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, as well as suitable classes of two-Higgs-doublet models.We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centres for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MICIU/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Beijing Municipal Science ; Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" -390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-2024-00036 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC -National Research Centre for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR -Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MICIU/AEI/10. 13039/501100011033, ERDF/EU, "European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR", and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources ; Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G680009 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.).SC (Armenia); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPERGS (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MoST (China); NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER (Estonia); ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE (Malaysia); UM (Malaysia); BUAP (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie program (European Union); European Research Council (European Union); Horizon 2020 Grant (European Union) [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104]; COST Action (European Union) [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science - EOS - be.h project [30820817]; Beijing Municipal Science ; Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) (Greece) [2288]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 390833306, 400140256 - GRK2497]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungary); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Latvian Council of Science; National Science Center (Poland) [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI, ERDF "a way of making Europe"; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources ; Institutional Development, Research and Innovation (Thailand) [B05F650021]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; SuperMicro Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA); BMBWF (Austria); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); ERC PUT (Estonia); HIP (Finland); GSRI (Greece); MSIP (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); LNS (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MES (Poland); NSC (Poland); MCIN/AEI (Spain); MST (Taipei); MHESI (Thailand); TENMAK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); F.R.S.-FNRS (Belgium); New National Excellence Program - UNKP (Hungary); NKFIH (Hungary) [K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64]; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu (Spain) [MDM-2017-0765
Assessment of University Students' Earthquake Coping Strategies Using Artificial Intelligence Methods
No full textSulak, Suleyman Alpaslan/0000-0001-9716-9336;Earthquakes are one of the most destructive natural disasters that pose a serious threat to human life and infrastructure worldwide. The aim of this study is to evaluate the coping strategies of adult individuals in Turkey regarding earthquake stress using artificial intelligence-based methods. The data was collected from 858 university students living in Turkey during January, February, and March 2024. A dataset was created using the 'Coping Scale for Earthquake Stress.' Prediction models were established using artificial intelligence algorithms such as Logistic Regression (LR), Bagging, and Random Forest (RF) based on information from 24 variables. The cross-validation method was applied during model training. The Logistic Regression algorithm achieved the highest accuracy rate of 98.60%, while the Bagging algorithm demonstrated the lowest performance with an accuracy rate of 79.95%. The Random Forest algorithm showed moderate performance with an accuracy rate of 85.89%. The findings provide important insights into the coping strategies of the community regarding earthquake stress. This study is expected to contribute significantly to areas such as disaster management, psychology, public health, and community resilience
TOPSIS Karar Destek Sistemi ile Konya I. Ulusal Mimarlık Dönemi 4 Yapının Yeniden İşlevlendirme Uygulamasının Değerlendirilmesi
No full textThe concept of re-functioning is the preferred application within the protection approach by using the architectural cultural heritage of nations to transfer them to future generations. This application ensures that both historical buildings and cities are actively used and transferred to future generations. Within the framework of this main idea, it can be said that adaptable reuse applications are a preferred protection method for our cities to constantly change and transform and to adapt to changing needs. In this way, the cultural heritage of the cities we are in will be delivered to future generations in a healthy way and cultural continuity will be ensured. In this context, it is widely observed that especially historical buildings that have lost their function and historical structures located in historical city centers are given a new function or the scope of the function is expanded. Although the subject is such an accepted practice, when the application results are observed, it is observed that there are intervention decisions that cannot be agreed upon in terms of content. The most important of these decisions is how to choose the most appropriate function for architectural cultural heritage that cannot continue its function. While decisions are made based on intuitive and experience that varies from person to person in traditional decision-making processes, today, especially in parallel with the developments in statistical science, modern decision-making processes are needed in architectural practices. With this method, modern decision-making processes aim to obtain objective results in order to minimize errors arising from subjective decision-making processes and aim to reduce the error rate in the results. The TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity) Method used as a method in the thesis study suggests a method to search for the most ideal solution by ranking the best and worst alternatives, especially when choosing a function for architectural cultural heritage. An analytical and objective evaluation has been provided in the evaluations made with different expert opinions. In this context, differentiating from subjective evaluations, ways of making a qualified evaluation with the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision support system have been investigated. Within the scope of the study, the qualified decision-making process for the new function proposals of four (4) National Architecture Period buildings re-functioned in Konya City Center has been evaluated. Keywords: Adaptive Reuse, Architectural Preservation, TOPSISYeniden işlevlendirme kavramı ulusların mimari kültür mirasını gelecek kuşaklara aktarmak için kullanarak koruma yaklaşımı içerisinde tercih edilen uygulamalardır. Bu uygulama hem tarihi binaların hem de kentlerin aktif olarak kullanılarak gelecek kuşaklara aktarılmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu ana fikir çerçevesinde adapte edilebilir yeniden kullanım uygulamaları kentlerimizin sürekli olarak değişip dönüşmesi, gereksinimlerin değişmesine uyum sağlamak için tercih edilen bir koruma yöntemi olduğu söylenebilir. Böylelikle gelecek kuşaklara içinde bulunduğumuz kentlerin kültür mirası sağlıklı bir şekilde ulaştırılmış ve kültürel süreklilik sağlanmış olacaktır. Bu kapsamda özellikle işlevini yitiren tarihi binalar ile tarihi kent merkezlerinde yer alan, tarihi niteliği olan yapılara yeni bir işlev verilmesi veya işlevin kapsamının genişletilmesi yaygın olarak gözlemlenmektedir. Konu bu kadar kabul görmüş bir uygulama olmasına rağmen uygulama sonuçları gözlemlendiğinde içerik itibariyle üzerinde uzlaşılamayan müdahale kararlarının olduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Bu kararlardan en önemlisi özellikle işlevini devam ettiremeyen mimari kültür mirasına en uygun işlev seçiminin nasıl olması gerektiği konusudur. Geleneksel karar verme sürecinde sezgisel ve kişiden kişiye değişen tecrübeye bağlı kararlar üretilirken günümüzde özellikle istatistik bilimindeki gelişmelere paralel olarak mimarlık uygulamalarında modern karar verme süreçlerine gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Bu yöntem ile öznel karar verme sürecinden kaynaklanan hataları en aza indirmek için nesnel sonuçlar elde etmeyi amaçlayan modern karar verme süreçleri, sonuçlardaki hata oranını azaltmayı hedeflemektedir. Tez çalışmasında yöntem olarak kullanılan TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity) Yöntemi özellikle mimari kültür mirasına fonksiyon seçimi yapılırken en iyi ve en kötü alternatifleri sıralayarak en ideal çözümü aramaya yönelik bir metot önermektedir. Farklı uzman görüşleri ile yapılan değerlendirmelerde analitik ve objektif bir değerlendirme yapılması sağlanmış olmuştur. Bu kapsamda sübjektif değerlendirmelerden farklılaşarak, TOPSIS çok kriterli karar destek sistemi ile nitelikli bir değerlendirme yapımının yolları araştırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Konya Kent Merkezinde yeniden işlevlendirilen dört (4) adet Milli Mimarlık Dönemi yapılarının yeni fonksiyon önerilerine yönelik nitelikli karar verme süreci değerlendirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Adapte Edilebilir Yeniden Kullanım, Mimari Koruma, TOPSI