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Determination of the effect of aspirator fan type and spead on vacuum di̇stri̇buti̇on in vacuum collectors and seeding discs in pneumatic sowing machines
Get PDFBu çalışmada üç farklı pnömatik ekim makinesi kullanılmıştır. Her makine traktöre bağlanarak iki farklı PTO hızında 450 min-1 (saha koşulları) ve 540 min-1 (ideal çalışma koşulu) koşulunda kollektör çıkışlarında ve ekim diskinde oluşan hava emiş basınçları vakum metre ile ölçülmüştür. Yapılan bu ölçümler ile bu makinelerin karakteristik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Yapılan ölçümlerde birinci makinenin kollektör çıkışında 450 min-1 PTO hızında 68,1 mbar ve 540 min-1 PTO hızında 93,4 mbar, ekim ünitesi tohum diskinde ise 450 min-1 PTO hızında 41,8 mbar ve 540 min-1 PTO hızında 62,0 mbar ortalama vakum basıncı ölçülmüştür. İkinci makinenin kollektör çıkışında 450 min-1 PTO hızında 63,8 mbar ve 540 min-1 PTO hızında 90,8 mbar, ekim ünitesi tohum diskinde ise 450 min-1 PTO hızında 29,7 mbar ve 540 min-1 PTO hızında 42,8 mbar ortalama vakum basıncı ölçülmüştür. Üçüncü makinenin kollektör çıkışında 450 min-1 PTO hızında 89,8 mbar ve 540 min-1 PTO hızında 114,8 mbar, ekim ünitesi tohum diskinde ise 450 min-1 PTO hızında 62,8 mbar ve 540 min-1 PTO hızında 92,7 mbar ortalama vakum basıncı ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre pnömatik ekim makinelerinde kullanılması gereken uygun fan tipi ile işletmenin sağladığı yararlar saptanmış ve günümüz koşullarında bunun önemine vurgu yapılmıştır.In this study were used three different pneumatic seed drills. Each machine was connected to the tractor and the air suction pressures at the collector outlets and the planting disk were measured with a vacuum meter at two different PTO speeds of 450 min-1 (field conditions) and 540 min-1 (ideal working condition). With these measurements, the characteristic features of these machines were determined. In the measurements made, at the collector outlet of the first machine, 68.1 mbar at 450 min-1 PTO speed and 93.4 mbar at 540 min-1 PTO speed, and at the seed disc of the planting unit, 41.8 mbar at 450 min-1 PTO speed and 540 min-1 PTO speed. An average vacuum pressure of 62.0 mbar was measured. At the collector outlet of the second machine, 63.8 mbar at 450 min-1 PTO speed and 90.8 mbar at 540 min-1 PTO speed, and at the seed disc of the planting unit, 29.7 mbar at 450 min-1 PTO speed and 42 mbar at 540 min-1 PTO speed, An average vacuum pressure of 8 mbar was measured. At the collector outlet of the third machine, 89.8 mbar at 450 min-1 PTO speed and 114.8 mbar at 540 min-1 PTO speed, and at the seed disc of the planting unit, 62.8 mbar at 450 min-1 PTO speed and 92 mbar at 540 min-1 PTO speed, An average vacuum pressure of 7 mbar was measured. According to the results obtained, the benefits of the appropriate fan type that should be used in pneumatic seed drills and the benefits of the business were determined and the importance of this in today's conditions was emphasized
Determination of trace and major elements in commercial propolis samples by ICP-OES after microwave digestion
No full textPropolis is a resinous product collected by bees from specific plant sources.There are more than 300 compounds in the structure of propolis. The main ones are phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids), benzoic acid and its derivatives, cinnamic alcohol, cinnamic acid and its derivatives, monoterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes and sesquiterpenes and their alcohol and benzaldehyde derivatives, other phenolic acids and derivatives, alcohols, sugars, ketones, heteroaromatic compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbons, minerals, steroid hydrocarbons and amino acids. Studies have reported that propolis has anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, anticancer, antiviral and antibacterial activities. The concentrations of Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, Fe, Cu, B, Mn, Zn and Al were determined in commercial propolis drop products by ICP-OES. For microwave digestion method, 1 mL of propolis samples in reaction vessels directly, added to each flasks 9 mL concentrated HNO3. The method was validated according to the parameters of accuracy, precision, linearity, recovery, LOD and LOQ. The recovery percentages were obtained to be between 69.67 to 104.05% in propolis samples. © 2024 Bulgarska Akademiya na Naukite. All rights reserved
Ön Lisans Öğrencilerinin Hazır Gıda Tüketim Tercihlerinin Araştırılması: Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Örneği
No full textThe aim of this study is to determine the frequency of fast-food consumption of university students, the reasons for consumption, the factors affecting the reasons for consuming ready-made food, and to determine the interaction rates of age groups and housing conditions with these factors. Students studying at Nam & imath;k Kemal University Vocational School of Technical Sciences constitute the sample of the research. For this purpose, a face-to-face survey study was conducted with 326 students in the period covering December -January of the 2022-2023 academic year. According to the results of the research, a statistically significant relationship was found between the age groups of the participants and the frequency of consumption of ready-made food, the reason for consumption, the age of starting ready-made food consumption, the rate of preference for discounted products, and their comments on whether ready-made food is produced according to food legislation. In addition, the participants' accommodation status and the way of obtaining ready-made food, the rate of consumption of readymade food during the examination period, the consumption of ready-made food, the evaluation of the price of ready-made food, the rate of preference for discounted products, their comments on whether additives are used in ready-made food, gender, Height mass index (BMI)) was found to be statistically significant. Students generally stated that they consume ready-made food because it is practical, saves time, has a reasonable price, finds it delicious, consumes it with pleasure, because it has a large variety and for its nutritional value. In recent years, the increasing importance of time and the change in eating habits have increased the fast-food consumption of university youth. In our study, students in the 18-25 age group consumed ready-made food more frequently, while students over 50 stated that they consumed ready-made food once a month. This shows that nutritional preferences vary significantly with age range. It is very important to provide students with healthy eating habits, to improve their level of nutrition knowledge, and to reduce the risk of obesity. In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of fast-food consumption of university students, the reasons for consumption, the factors affecting the reasons for consuming ready-made food, and to determine the interaction rates of age groups and housing conditions with these factors
KRİPTO PARALAR VE ÜLKELERİN FİNANS PİYASALARINA YANSIMALARI
No full textKripto paralar, son yıllarda finans dünyasında devrim niteliğinde bir yenilik olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Merkeziyetsiz ve dijital yapılarıyla geleneksel para birimlerinden farklılaşan kripto paralar, finans piyasalarında birçok yeni dinamik ve risk unsuru ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Kripto paralar, finansal kapsayıcılığı artırarak ve daha hızlı ve ucuz para transferleri sağlayarak finans sisteminin daha verimli hale gelmesine katkıda bulunabilir. Ancak, kripto paraların spekülasyon aracı olarak kullanılması ve yüksek volatilitesi, finansal istikrar için risk oluşturabilir. Ayrıca, kara para aklama ve terörizmin finansmanı gibi yasa dışı faaliyetlerde de kullanılma potansiyeli bulunmaktadır. Ülkeler, kripto paraların yarattığı bu riskler ve fırsatlar doğrultusunda farklı yaklaşımlar benimsemektedir. Bazı ülkeler kripto paraları yasaklarken, bazıları düzenlemeler getirerek bu yeni varlık sınıfını kontrol altına almaya çalışmaktadır. Kripto paraların finans piyasalarının geleceği üzerindeki etkisi belirsizliğini korumakta ve bu alandaki gelişmeler yakından takip edilmektedir. Ülkelerin, kripto paraların potansiyel faydalarından yararlanırken aynı zamanda finansal istikrarı ve yasal düzeni korumak için sağlam politikalar geliştirmesi gerekmektedir
Food Demand and Nutritional Habits of Consumers During the Covid-19 Outbreak: A Case Study in Türkiye
No full textThe Covid-19 pandemic, which has affected the entire world, has caused changes in many areas of life worldwide. These changes have also influenced and continue to influence consumer behaviors. During the restrictions, people staying at home and only going out for essential needs such as grocery shopping has caused changes in their shopping and consumption habits. The changing consumer behaviors related to the process have brought about many studies. Since the outbreak of Covid-19, it has caused significant changes in the attitudes and behaviors of individuals in the world and in T & uuml;rkiye. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand these changes. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the pandemic on the food demand and nutritional habits of individuals residing in Tekirda & gbreve; province. To achieve this, a survey was conducted with consumers living in Tekirda & gbreve;. According to the research's predicted 10% margin of error and 99% significance level, the sample size was calculated to be 166 people. Factor analysis was applied during the statistical analysis of the findings. Based on the results of the factor analysis, it was found that the desire of individuals to consume organic products and their awareness of healthy nutrition were high. The negative conditions that occurred during the pandemic increased the desire of individuals to eat. It has shown that consumers are more sensitive about healthy eating during the Covid-19 pandemic process. An increase in the consumption of food products that form the basis of a healthy diet, such as fruits, vegetables and eggs, and a corresponding decrease in the consumption of carbonated drinks and prepackaged food also support this finding. However, the high increase in the consumption of pastries and nuts can be given as examples of the negative effects of the need to stay at home and the restriction of physical activities due to the Covid-19 outbreak. In addition, their buying behavior changed, and the number of people who procure food products through online shopping increased. The aim of this study is to inform consumers and researchers working on this subject about how food consumption of consumers has changed after Covid-19
Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder Using EEG Signals
No full textIEEE SMC; IEEE Turkiye Section2024 Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference, ASYU 2024 -- 16 October 2024 through 18 October 2024 -- Ankara -- 204562In this study, features extracted from EEG signals were analyzed using machine learning methods to facilitate the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder. 3-channel EEG signals in the MODMA dataset, obtained in the resting state of 26 Major Depressive Disorder and 29 healthy subjects, were analyzed. Each channel of these signals was divided into 6 different frequency bands. These bands were delta band (0.5-4 Hz), theta band (4-8 Hz), alpha band (8-13 Hz), beta band (13-30 Hz), gamma band (30-60 Hz) and alpha-beta band (8-30 Hz). Using the features extracted from each channel, classification was performed using machine learning algorithms such as Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines, k-Nearest Neighbour, Naive Bayes, Ensemble Classifier, and Wide Neural Network. At the end of the training phase, 95.83% accuracy, 95.32% F1-score, 95.83% recall, 94.47% specificity, 94.82% precision, 90.32% Matthews correlation coefficient, 90.32% kappa, and 0.0973 false positive rate were detected in the combination of alpha and beta bands (8-30 Hz) using the Ensemble Classifier model. It was determined that the combination of alpha and beta bands provided the highest accuracies. © 2024 IEEE
Effect of Suction Heads and Nutrient Solutions on Flow-Rates of Peristaltic Pumps Used in Hydroponics
No full textTo ensure the healthy growth of plants in hydroponics, it is crucial to determine the amount of nutrient solution that peristaltic pumps inject per unit time under various hydraulic conditions. The aim of this study is to test the effect of peristaltic pumps, suction heads and nutrient solutions on the flow-rate of the peristaltic pump. The tests of the flow-rate were conducted as aging and main test. Treatments consisted of 3 pumps (PP1, PP2 and PP3), 2 suction heads (30 (SH30) and 60 cm (SH60)) and 5 solutions (tap water (S1), stock A (S2), stock B (S3), nitric acid (HNO3) (S4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) (S5)). In both tests, the volume of liquid pumped by the pumps for 2 minutes was determined and the volume-time relationship was utilized to calculate flow-rates. Aging tests showed that the new peristaltic pumps should be used in nutrition dosing after aging number was equal and greater than 5. All treatments had significant effect (p<0.01) on flow-rates. The mean flow-rates of pumps (PP1, PP2 and PP3) were found to be 102.0, 103.4 and 103.7 mL min-1, respectively. The flow-rates of PP2 and PP3 are 1.36% and 1.67% greater than that’s of PP1, and they could vary according to the pumps. Average flow rates for SH30 and SH60 were found as 103.6 and 102.5 mL min-1, and flow rate decreased by 1.1% when the suction head increased from 30 to 60cm. The highest average flow-rate was obtained in tap water (S1=104.7 mL min-1), while the lowest average flow rate (S5=101.2 mL min-1) was found for Stock B. Flow rates of the S1, S2, S4 and S5 compared with the lowest flow-rate of solution (S3=101.2 mL min-1) were found to be higher as 3.51%, 1.78%, 1.1% and 2.66%, respectively. The highest flow-rates changed between S1-S3, and the lowest ones between S4- S5. As the specific weights of the solutions decreased, the flow-rates of the pumps increased. The pumps should be used after their flow-rates are determined according to suction head, peristaltic pumps and solutions
The rise of the functional beverages market: Indicators post COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes to people's lifestyles all over the world. Even after the pandemic, many people continue to maintain a healthy lifestyle. As a result, healthy food and drinks have become more popular and are driving consumer preferences in the food and beverage market. It is essential for a healthy lifestyle to consume healthy drinks that are affordable for everyone. In this point, functional foods and beverages have gained significant value. This study investigates the global functional beverage market trends before and after the pandemic. In addition, the study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of how consumer preferences are changing in response to the trend of functional beverages. It is aimed to give an economic and marketing approach for the rise of functional beverage market. © 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved
HOOK ASSISTED REDUCTION IN CEPHALOMEDULLARY NAILING WITHOUT TRACTION TABLE
No full textIntroduction: Proximal femoral nailing for intertrochanteric femur fracture is sometimes a challenging procedure without a traction table, especially if complicated fracture pattern. We aimed to overcome this difficulty with the hook. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 60 patients. 28 of the patients reduction was necessitated with a hook (group 1). The other patients did not need to use this technique (group 2, n=32). The collo-diaphyseal angle, lag screw placement, and tip -apex distance were measured using radiographs. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the Garden Alignment Index, postoperative collo-diaphyseal angle measurements, and tip -apex distance. The Garden Alignment Index was found as 163.92 degrees (dg.) In the frontal plane in group 1, and 154.78 dg in group 2, respectively. In group 1, the tip -apex distance was 16.05 cm, whereas it was 25.32 cm in group 2. The collo-diaphyseal angle was 133.1 degrees in group 1, and 128.65 degrees in group 2. Conclusions: The hook -assisted reduction is beneficial when operating without a traction table; however, it can also be a part of the surgeons' equipment even when operating on a traction table. When difficulties in obtaining an ideal anatomical reduction in displaced intertrochanteric femoral fractures, we suggest using the hook -assisted reduction technique. Level of Evidence III; Case -control Study
Investigation of the acute effect of the synthetic hemodialysis membrane on the expression of XRCC1 and PARP1 in chronic hemodialysis patients
No full textObjective: The interaction between blood from end-stage renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment and the hemodialysis (HD) membranes used may lead to DNA damage, contingent upon the biocompatibility of the membranes. Given that this process could impact the disease's course, it is crucial to assess the efficacy of DNA repair mechanisms.Methods: In our study, we investigated the gene expression levels of XRCC1 and PARP1 enzymes, which are involved in the base excision repair (BER) repair mechanism crucial for repairing oxidative DNA damage, in 20 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing HD treatment both before and after dialysis sessions. Additionally, we compared our findings with those from 20 healthy controls. We assessed gene expression levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Results: We observed that the HD process utilizing a polysulfone membrane did not impact the expression levels of genes. However, we noted a lower expression level of the PARP1 gene in ESRD patients undergoing HD compared to the control group (0.021 +/- 0.005 vs 0.0019 +/- 0.0013, p = 0.0001).Conclusion: Although our study findings indicate that HD membranes do not affect gene expression overall, the specific decrease in PARPI gene expression suggests that the effectiveness of the BER DNA repair mechanism is impaired in ESRD patients, which may play a significant role in the progression of the disease.Research Fund of Idot;stanbul University-Cerrahpascedil;a [11890, 25949]The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Research Fund of & Idot;stanbul University-Cerrahpa & scedil;a. Project number: 11890 and 25949