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Horse Surgery and Survival Prediction with Artificial Intelligence Models: Performance Comparison of Original, Imputed, Balanced, and Feature- Selected Datasets
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) technology, while less advanced than in human medicine, holds significant potential in the field of veterinary medicine. This technology offers a range of essential benefits, such as disease diagnosis, treatment planning, disease control, and overall animal health improvement. Based on clinical data, this study uses 15 AI models to predict the necessity of surgery and the likelihood of survival in horses displaying symptoms of acute abdominal pain (colic). By comparing surgical and survival predictions across the original, imputed missing values, and balanced datasets, we determine the most effective dataset based on the average accuracy of the 15 AI models. Furthermore, we explore the potential for improved accuracy with a reduced feature set by calculating feature importance scores for surgery and survival predictions. Our results indicate that the balanced dataset achieved the highest average accuracy for predicting surgery and survival, with 80.76% and 77.96%, respectively. The Random Forest (RF) model outperformed others as the most accurate model for both surgery (accuracy = 85.83, Area Under the Curve [AUC] = 0.906) and survival prediction (accuracy = 80.75, AUC = 0.888). It was observed that reducing the number of features in the dataset by 56% led to an increase in surgery prediction accuracy to 86.38%. Similarly, when the number of features was reduced by 24% for survival prediction, the prediction performance increased to 83.75%. This study emphasizes the importance of the precise implementation of artificial intelligence techniques in veterinary medicine, which can significantly enhance model performance
The impact of social media ads on online purchasing
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı21. yüzyılda dijital teknolojilerin gelişmesi hem bireyleri hem de kurumları online platformlarda faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirmek üzere daha fazla motive etmektedir. Sosyalleşme ve alışveriş davranışların da bireylerin online kanallara yönelmesi, sosyal medya araçlarının önemini arttırmıştır. Özellikle, KOVID-19 pandemisi ile artan sosyal medya kullanımı, tüketicilerin de satın alma davranışlarında değişimler yaratmıştır. Tez çalışmasının amacı olarak, online satın alma yada alışveriş davranışının sosyal medya reklamlarından nasıl etkilendiğini sistematik derleme yöntemi ile keşfetmek olduğu söylenebilir. Diğer bir deyişle, tez içerisinde web kaynaklarının taranarak, sosyal medya ve alışveriş ile ilgili yayınları bulup, incelemek ve yorumlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın sosyal medya ve online satın alma davranışları arasındaki önemli etkileri için bir çerçeve vermesi açısından literatüre faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.The development of digital technologies in the 21st century motivates both individuals and institutions to carry out their activities on online platforms. The fact that individuals turn to online channels for socializing and shopping behaviors has increased the importance of social media tools. In particular, the increased use of social media due to the COVID-19 pandemic has created changes in consumers' purchasing behavior. It can be said that the purpose of the thesis study is to discover how online purchasing or shopping behavior is affected by social media advertisements through a systematic review method. In other words, the aim of the thesis is to scan web resources to find, examine and interpret publications related to social media and shopping. It is thought that the study will be beneficial to the literature in terms of providing a framework for the important effects between social media and online purchasing behavior
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of NPSH, Noise, and Vibration Levels in Radial Pumps Under Cavitation Conditions
No full textCavitation, a physical phenomenon that detrimentally affects pump performance and reduces pump life, can cause wear on pump elements. Various engineering methods have been developed to identify the initiation and full development of the cavitation process. One such method is the determination of the net positive suction head (NPSH) through a 3% decrease in total head (Hm) at a constant flow rate. In radial pumps, commonly used in agricultural irrigation and industry, cavitation conditions result in a sudden drop in the Hm-Q curve, making it challenging to detect the 3% Hm value drop. This study differs from others in the literature by modelling NPSH, noise, and vibration levels using three machine learning models, specifically artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), and decision tree regression (DTR). The best-performing model predicts NPSH, noise, and vibration levels corresponding to a 3% decrease in Hm level. The present study determined the NPSH values of a horizontal shaft centrifugal pump at different flow rates and constant operating speed, and the vibration and noise levels were measured for these NPSH values. For each of the NPSH, noise, and vibration levels, ANN, SVM and DTR models were created. The performances of these models were evaluated using criteria such as root mean squared error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). In addition, Taylor and error box diagrams were created. The ANN model and DTR yielded high accuracy predictions for NPSH values (R2 = 0.86 and R2 = 0.8, respectively). The ANN model provided the best prediction performance for noise and vibration levels. By entering the level of 3% drop in the Hm value of the pump as external data input to the ANN model, NPSH3, noise, and vibration levels were determined. The ANN models can be effectively employed to determine NPSH3, noise, and vibration levels, particularly in radial flow pumps, where detecting 3% reductions in manometric height value is challenging
Exome data of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy patients reveals de novo and inherited pathologic variants in epilepsy-associated genes
No full textPurpose: In Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies (DEEs), identifying the precise genetic factors guides the clinicians to apply the most appropriate treatment for the patient. Due to high locus heterogeneity, WES analysis is a promising approach for the genetic diagnosis of DEE. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the utility of WES in the diagnosis and treatment of DEE patients. Methods: The exome data of 29 DEE patients were filtrated for destructive and missense mutations in 1896 epilepsy-related genes to detect the causative variants and examine the genotype-phenotype correlations. We performed Sanger sequencing with the available DNA samples to follow the co-segregation of the variants with the disease phenotype in the families. Also, the structural effects of p.Asn1053Ser, p.Pro120Ser and p. Glu1868Gly mutations on KCNMA1, NPC2, and SCN2A proteins, respectively, were evaluated by molecular dynamics (MD) and molecular docking simulations. Results: Out of 29, nine patients (31%) harbor pathological (P) or likely pathological (LP) mutations in SCN2A, KCNQ2, ATP1A2, KCNMA1, and MECP2 genes, and three patients have VUS variants (10%) in SCN1A and SCN2A genes. Sanger sequencing results indicated that three of the patients have de novo mutations while eight of them carry paternally and/or maternally inherited causative variants. MD and molecular docking simulations supported the destructive effects of the mutations on KCNMA1, NPC2, and SCN2A protein structures. Conclusion: Herein we demonstrated the effectiveness of WES for DEE with high locus heterogeneity. Identification of the genetic etiology guided the clinicians to adjust the proper treatment for the patients.Bogazici University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) [17B01P3-12776]; Istanbul Arel University Scientific Research Projects [2019-ST02]The research project was partially funded by Bogazici University Scientific Research Projects (BAP no: 17B01P3-12776) and Istanbul Arel University Scientific Research Projects (BAP no: 2019-ST02) . We thank Kamer Nisa Baz for her contribution to computational data production and Asl & imath; Guendogdu for her contribution to DNA extraction and organization of patient data
Disiplinlerarası Eğitim Bağlamında Ortaöğretim Sosyoloji Ders Kitabı ve Öğretim Programının Coğrafi Kavramlar ve Coğrafya Müfredatı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
No full textDers kitapları belirlenen amaçlar doğrultusunda eğitim sistemi içerisinde müfredat programına bağlı olarak hazırlanan eserlerdir. Ayrıca bu eserler devletin bakış açısını da yansıtması bakımından önemlidir. Ders kitapları hazırlandıkları branşın bütün kavram ve terimlerini hedef öğrenci kitlesine en doğru şekilde bir sistematik ile sunarken komşu disiplinlerden de yararlanmayı ihmal etmez. Bu açıdan coğrafi kavram ve terimler bazen tarih, sosyoloji ve edebiyat gibi diğer sosyal bilimler branşlarında, bazen fizik, kimya, biyoloji gibi fen bilimlerinde bazen de İngilizce, Almanca gibi yabancı dil eğitimi branşlarında da kullanılabilmektedir. Bu açıdan kavram kullanımını araştıran disiplinlerarası çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu araştırmada disiplinlerarası bağlamda Coğrafya ve Sosyoloji bilimlerinin birbiri ile ilişkisi ve kavram kullanım durumu ders kitapları yönünden ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla 2022-2023 öğretim yılında ortaöğretim kurumlarında okutulan sosyoloji ders kitapları coğrafya müfredatı ve coğrafi kavramlar açısından incelenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen araştırmada elde edilen veriler içerik ve betimsel analize tabi tutulmuş ve sonuçlar tablo ve grafikler ile sunulmuştur. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre sosyoloji ders kitaplarında kavramlar daha çok insan ve mekân kavramları çevresinde toplanmakta, beşerî ve iktisadi coğrafya alanı ile bağlantılı bulunmaktadır. Toplumsal olguların ve gerçeklerin incelenmesi açısından bu tür disiplinlerarası çalışmaların geliştirilerek farklı örneklemler ile yapılması önerilmektedir
Sequential use of coagulation and adsorption methods for COD removal from soft drink industry wastewater
No full textIn this study, the effectiveness of sequentially applying coagulation and adsorption processes in treating soft drink industry wastewater was assessed based on COD removal. In the electrocoagulation method with iron electrodes, the highest COD removal occurred at 42%, achieved with a current of 9A and the natural pH of the wastewater at 5.51. In chemical coagulation, using FeCl3 center dot 6H(2)O as a coagulant, the highest removal rate of 23% was achieved at pH 5 with a coagulant dose of 2.5g/L. Activated carbon adsorption, in doses ranging from 10 to 40g/L, was applied to the effluents of both electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation at various contact times, up to 150 minutes, resulting in COD removal rates of 42% and 36%, respectively. According to the results, the COD removal efficiencies for the electrocoagulation-adsorption and chemical coagulation-adsorption systems were 66% and 51%, respectively. The findings of this study are important because they demonstrate the necessity of research on the use and development of physicochemical methods for the treatment of soft drink industry wastewater
The art of tevriye in the Holy Quran
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim DalıKur'ân-ı Kerîm indirildiği zaman ve mekânda fesahat ve belâgat açısından eşi benzeri olmayan muciz bir eser olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Kur'ân-ı Kerîm'in âyetlerindeki incelikleri anlamanın en güzel yolu Arap belâgatına hâkim olmak ve inceliklerini bilmektir. Meânî, beyân ve bedî 'konularından oluşan Arap belâgatının bedî 'bölümü muhassinât-ı lafziyye ve muhassinât-ı ma'neviyye şeklinde iki kısma ayrılır. İki manalı bir lafzın yakın manasını vehmettirip uzak olanı kastetmek demek olan tevriye sanatı bedî' kısmının muhassinât-ı ma'neviyye bölümünde yer alan bir sanattır. Arap belâgatında var olan edebi sanatların birçoğu Kur'ân-ı Kerîm'de uygulanmıştır. Tevriye sanatı da bunlardan biridir. Kur'ân-ı Kerîm'de tevriye sanatının uygulandığı âyet-i kerîmelerdeki tevriyeli lafzın uzak manası yerine yakın manasının dikkate alınması itikadî açıdan aykırı hükümlerin çıkarılmasına sebebiyet verebileceği gibi âyetlerden kastedilen mananın anlaşılması hususunda maksadın hâsıl olmasına da engel teşkil edebilmektedir. Bu ise tevriye sanatının uygulandığı bazı âyetlerde sanki hakikate aykırı bir mana olduğu vehmi uyandırabilmekte, Kur'an âyetlerinin edebi inceliklerini bilmeyenlerin zihinlerinde bazı karışıklıklara neden olabilmekte ve art niyetli kişilerin Kur'ân-ı Kerîm'de hakikatle uyuşmayan ifadelerin var olduğunu iddia etmelerine sebebiyet verebilmektedir. Bedî' ilmiyle ilgili yapılan araştırmalarda tevriye sanatına bölüm ayrılmış olsa da Kur'ân-ı Kerîm'de tevriye sanatıyla ilgili çalışmaların az olduğu ve bu sahada müstakil bir çalışma yapılmadığı görülmüştür. Bu bakımdan bu çalışmada tevriye sanatının gelişim sürecinin, unsurlarının kısımlarının ve Kur'ân-ı Kerîm'de uygulandığı âyetlerin tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır.Considering the time and place where the Holy Quran was sent down, it has been revealed that it is a miraculous work that is unique in terms of eloquence and eloquence. The best way to understand the subtleties in the verses of the Holy Quran is to master Arabic rhetoric and know its subtleties. The bedî' section of Arabic rhetoric, which consists of the subjects meânî, beyân and bedî', is divided into two parts: Muhassinât-ı lafziyye and Muhassinât-ı ma'neviyye. The art of tawriyah, which means imagining the close meaning of a two-meaning word and meaning the distant one, is an art in the Muhassinât-ı ma'neviyye section of the bedî' section. Many of the literary arts existing in Arabic rhetoric have been applied in the verses of the Holy Quran. The art of tawriyah is one of them. In the Holy Quran, if the verses in which the art of interpretation is applied are interpreted by taking into account the close meaning of the interpreted wording instead of its distant meaning, it may cause some confusion in terms of faith, and it also prevents the purpose from being achieved in terms of understanding the meaning of the verse. This issue creates the illusion that there is a situation contrary to the truth in some verses of the Qur'an where the art of interpretation is applied. This may cause some confusion in the minds of believers who do not know the literary subtleties of the verses of the Quran, and may cause malicious people to claim that there are expressions in the verses of the Quran that are not compatible with the truth. As a result of the research, it has been seen that although there is a section devoted to the art of tawriyah in the studies on the science of bedî', this art is handled separately, studies on the art of tawriyah in the Holy Quran are few and no separate study has been carried out in this field. In our study, it is aimed to better introduce the development process of the art of tawriyah, its elements, parts and the verses to which it is applied in the Holy Quran. In the first part of our research, after examining the art of interpretation and its development process in detail, in the second part, the parts of this art are explained with examples obtained from ignorance poems, Hadiths and modern sources. In the third part of our research, examples of the verses in which the art of tawriyah is applied in the Quran are given and explanations of the tawriyah words in accordance with this art are made
Application of a Bio-waste Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) Husks Adsorbent for Removal of Metanil Yellow and Methylene Blue from Aqueous Media with Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies
No full textIn this study, the activated carbon (TmAC) with a high surface area and appropriate pore distribution was produced from einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) husks by using ZnCl2 with chemical activation method. The efficiency of the obtained activated carbon on the adsorption of anionic (metanil yellow) and cationic (methylene blue) dyestuffs from aqueous solutions was investigated in more detail. In addition, the surface characterization of activated carbon was performed using thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface areas, N-2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, pore volumes, pore size distributions, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectra. The highest surface area of activated carbon was measured as 1321 m(2) g(-1) at the carbonization temperature of 500 degrees C by using impregnation ratio (w/w = 2.0). Batch method was used in adsorption experiments. The parameters affecting the adsorption studies such as adsorbent concentration, initial dye concentration, adsorption time, temperature, and pH were investigated. The adsorption mechanisms of metanil yellow (MY) and methylene blue (MB) on activated carbon were explained by using isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich), kinetic models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order), and the thermodynamic parameters (Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy).Trakya niversitesi [2018-180]; Trakya University, Scientific Research Project UnitWe would like to thank Trakya University, Scientific Research Project Unit (project no. 2018-180). We wish to thank Prof. Dr. Murat Turkyilmaz (Trakya Uni., Chemistry Dep., Inorganic Chem. Div.) for his TGA-DTA measurements
Dynamic Interlinkages Between Precious Metal, Exchange Rate and Crude Oil: Evidence from an Extended TVP-VAR Analysis
No full textIn this study, we examine the dynamic connectedness among precious metals, exchange rates, and crude oil using daily data spanning from January 4, 2010, to May 10, 2023. To achieve this, we employ the time and frequency-dependent connectedness approaches. According to results, consistent with theoretical expectations, it becomes evident that global occurrences exert a substantial impact on the evolving interconnectedness of returns. As indicated by the average connectivity outcomes, silver and palladium emerge as the foremost propagators and recipients of return shocks, while Brent displays the lowest incidence of transmitting and receiving such shocks. Furthermore, gold, silver, and platinum are found as the primary sources of transmitting return shocks, whereas the remaining indices are identified as the main recipients of these shocks. Our results highlight the following: (i) the time-varying interconnectedness indices robustly capture significant financial/geopolitical events; (ii) on average, silver and palladium are the largest contributors of return shocks, while Brent has the lowest impact; (iii) gold, silver, and platinum act as net shock transmitters; (iv) short-term interconnectedness is more pronounced than persistent interdependencies; (v) frequency-dependent connectedness experience a significant surge during the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic and the onset of the Russia-Ukraine conflict (RUC). In light of the conclusions drawn from the study, the findings underscore the evolving interconnectedness of returns among core precious metals, crude oil, and exchange rates amidst globalization. This dynamic environment not only presents opportunities for investors but also underscores the diffusion of risk across financial markets. Our findings provide policymakers with a broader economic outlook to improve both economic stability and energy-related policies
The relationship of anogenital distance with fertility and anti-müllerian hormone in Awassi and Cukurova meat ewes
No full textThe aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of anogenital distance (AGD) with fertility and the serum concentrations of estrogen and anti-m & uuml;llerian hormone in Awassi and Cukurova meat ewes. Fifty five Cukurova meat ewes and 46 Awassi ewes were used in the study. Before sponge insertion, AGD of all ewes were measured with a digital caliper. For each breed, they were divided into two AGD categories: short AGD group and long AGD group. A sponge containing 60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate was applied intravaginally on day 0, and remained in situ for 12 days. On the 12th day, sponges were removed and eCG (500 IU per ewe) was administered intramuscularly. Blood samples were collected from all ewes on day 0 and at the onset of estrus. Estrous rate, conception rate, pregnancy rate, lambing rate, multiple birth rate, litter size and male rate were calculated in all groups and breeds. No significant difference were detected in the parameters between the groups (P>0.05). It is stated that AGD was found not to affect AMH or estrogen levels (P>0.05); however linear regression showed a positive correlation (P=0.03) between AGD and estrogen on the day of estrus in the Awassi ewes. It is stated that AGD is not associated with fertility in Awassi and Cukurova meat ewes, but there is a relationship between AGD and estrogen level in Awassi ewes.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkiye [23GAP29003]This study was funded by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkiye. Project number 23GAP29003