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A single-center experience: Enteropathic arthritis in inflammatory bowel diseases
No full textAim of the work: To ascertain the frequency of enteropathic arthritis among patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to investigate the relation between spondyloarthritis (SpA) and patients treated for IBD. Patients and methods: This study examined 124 adult patients with IBD. The evaluation encompassed both axial and peripheral SpA. Information pertaining to the patients ' age, gender, age at the time of IBD and SpA diagnosis, symptoms of inflammatory low back pain (iLBP), dactylitis, peripheral arthritis, history of uveitis, pelvic X-ray, sacroiliac joint magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ankylosing spondylitis disease actviity score (ASDAS) and Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease actvity index (BASDAI) were compiled. Results: The IBD patients were 82 having ulcerative colitis (UC) and 42 Crohns disease (CD). 58 (46.8 %) were female and 66 (53.2 %) males. 36 (29 %) were diagnosed with SpA, 18 males and 18 females. The age of the patients was 49 +/- 11.2 years (18 -74 years). The duration of IBD was 5.96 +/- 5.54 years (1 -29 years). Sacroiliitis was assessed in 60 (48.3 %) patients using MRI. None of the patients had psoriasis or uveitis. Dactylitis was present in 1.6 % and enthesitis in 8 % of patients with IBD. In UC group, 18 (21.9 %) were diagnosed with SpA and in CD group, 18 (42.8 %) had SpA. No significant relationship was found between the diagnosis of UC/CD and the general SpA group. Conclusion: A considerable number of individuals with IBD also experience SpA. Any delay in diagnosing enteropathic arthritis could lead to functional limitations. Therefore, timely diagnosis is crucial to facilitate optimal treatment
Removal of penicillin group antibiotics azlocillin, cloxacillin, methicillin from wastewater by DFT method
No full textAntibiotics administered to living things are excreted either unchanged or with little transformation in living metabolism. Discarded antibiotic residues should not be treated in conventional wastewater treatment plants and may enter the receiver directly. Low temperatures of antibiotic residues in the recipient environment may cause increased resistance of microorganisms, while high amounts may cause them to remain toxic. For this reason, wastewater containing antibiotic residues must be treated. Possible reactions of the penicillin group antibiotics were investigated using the DFT method, which is a molecular modeling method. The penicillin group antibiotic molecules examined are azlocillin, cloxacillin and methicillin. No previous studies have been conducted on the molecules examined. The optimized geometries were drawn with Gauss View 5.0 and then calculated with the Gaussian 09W program using functional density theory (DFT). The geometric structure (bond angles and bond lengths) and possible degradation products of all three molecules were calculated with the DFT method and the 6-31G(d) basis set. Thus, the possible degradation type of these three antibiotic molecules in water was determined. These results will guide experimental workers. © 2024 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Union of Chemists in Bulgaria.Tekirdag Namik Kemal University Research Foundation, (NKUBAP.01
Impact of Fluorides and Fluorocarbons Contamination on the Environment and Human Health
No full textThis chapter examines fluorides and fluorocarbons, their relevance, sources, exposures, metabolic processes, adverse consequences, and environmental consequences. It investigates historical contexts, prevalence in diverse sectors, and the links between fluoride levels in drinking water and their health consequences. The discussion focused on the ingestion and absorption processes, as well as the health repercussions of excessive exposure, with a particular emphasis on skeletal and dental fluorosis. It also explores the ecological effects of fluoride contamination on aquatic environments, animal, and plant species. The major focus is on the challenges of controlling and eliminating environmental pollution, highlighting the need for effective strategies and solutions. The study looked at the effects of water fluoridation on human health, especially skeletal fluorosis, dental fluorosis, and possibly neurological repercussions. The findings highlight the importance of ethical issues in the practice of fluoridation. It is critical to weigh the benefits and drawbacks, as well as to assess the problem of individual consent against public usage of fluoride. Furthermore, this chapter examines techniques and solutions for eliminating pollutants, with a particular emphasis on measures for lowering fluoride levels in dirty water and advances in water treatment technology. It emphasized the need for community-based measures to combat fluorosis. Finally, the chapter outlined future research goals aimed at identifying information gaps, investigating emerging technologies for monitoring and restoration, and proposing policy recommendations for ecological management. This chapter offers a comprehensive guide for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners working to lessen the impact of fluorides and fluorocarbons on human health and the environment. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024
Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi Yağış Değişimlerinin İstatistiksel ve Grafiksel Yaklaşımlarla Analizi
Get PDFHidrolojik değişkenlerin en önemlilerinden biri yağışlardır. Yağışın değişkenliğinin bilinmesi su yapılarının tasarım, yapım ve işletmesi açılarından hem de tarım için çok önemlidir. Bunun yanında, kuraklık analizlerinde de hidrolojik verilerin ve özelikle yağış değişkenliğinin belirlenmesi gereklidir. Hidrolojik değişkenlerin trend hesaplamaları gelecek ile ilgili yapılan çeşitli çalışmalarda önemli bir faktördür. Hidrolojik değişkenlerin zaman serilerinde meydana gelebilen tarihsel değişiklerin incelenmesinde çok sayıda istatiksel teknikler oluşturulup kullanılmaktadır. Klasik istatistiksel yöntemler incelenecek zaman serilerine ilişkin birçok varsayıma dayanmaktadır. Zaman serilerindeki değişikleri analiz etmek için kullanılan istatistiksel yöntemlerdeki varsayımları azaltmanın ve istatistiksel yaklaşım sonuçlarının daha güvenilir hale getirmenin bir yolu grafiksel ve istatistiksel yöntemlerin birlikte kullanılması olabilir. Bu çalışmada Orta Karadeniz bölgesinde bulunan Samsun, Ordu, Çorum, Amasya ve Tokat istasyonlarının 1960-2015 yılları arasında yıllık toplam yağış trend analizi hem klasik istatistiksel yöntem hem de grafiksel yöntemlerle yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, tarihsel yağış değişikliklerini analiz etmek için klasik istatistiksel Mann-Kendall yönteminin yanı sıra veri noktalarının aşım ve aşım dışı sayıları arasındaki farkın rafine edilmiş kümülatif toplamı yöntemi, yenilikçi Şen ve Yenilikçi Şen’in modifiye edilmiş Yenilikçi Trend Değişim Kutuları grafik yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel yöntem olan Mann-Kendall yönteminde tespit edilemeyen gizli trendlerin, kümülatif toplamı yöntemi ve Yenilikçi Trend Değişim Kutuları grafik yöntemleri ile değişik aralıklarda trendlerin belirlenebildiği görülmüştür. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, grafiksel ve istatistiksel yöntemler arasında iyi bir eşleşme olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca grafik trend yöntemleri ile ekstrem yağışların yönelimlerinin daha detaylı bir şekilde incelenebileceği anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada yağışlarda, özellikle verilerin değişkenliğinin çok olması halinde, bu yeni yöntemlerin farklı gruplardaki çeşitli trendleri daha hassas olarak belirleyebildiği anlaşılmıştır
Analysis of Forensic Death Statistics From 2013 to 2022 and Autopsy Practices in Türkiye
No full textBackground: Autopsy rates are significantly lower that what they should be worldwide. Additionally, autopsy practices vary between countries. Aims: To examine the autopsy rates, the distribution and temporal changes of forensic autopsy cases, so as to identify the areas in the death investigation system that require improvement in Turkiye.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: Forensic Death Examination Statistics of the Council of Forensic Medicine (CFM) and Death Statistics of the Turkish Statistical Institute were compared and analyzed for the years 2013-2022 in Turkiye. Results: The number of forensic death cases sent to the CFM has increased over time. For all causes of deaths, the autopsy rate is approximately 3.6-4.8%. The cause-specific mortality rates for deaths due to sharp instrument trauma, blunt trauma, occupational accident, undetermined, and poisoning have increased over the years. The percentage of undetermined deaths, which are important to demonstrate negative autopsies, was 14.2% in 2021. Conclusion: Although the autopsy rates have slightly increased in a volatile trend over time in Turkiye, they are still not at the desired level. Thus, it is essential to further raise awareness among all professionals involved in death investigations about the importance of autopsies
Investigation of some hormones and some biochemical parameters that may be effective in the etiology of Repeat Breeder cows
No full textThe aim of this study was to determine the role of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), progesterone, insulin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiyodotironin(T3), tiroksin(T4), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxy butyrate (BHBA) and glucose concentrations in the etiology of Repeat Breeder (RB) cows. In the study, 60 RB Holstein cows, all housed on the same farm and receiving identical care, feeding, and reproductive management, were inseminated at least three times but did not achieve pregnancy and were confirmed to have no gynecological problems through ultrasonographic examination. Were categorized into three groups based on parity: Group I (1-2 lactation), Group II (3-4 lactation), and Group III (5-6 lactation). During estrus, 10 ml blood samples were collected from all the animals in the study. Blood samples collected on the day of estrus were used to assess serum levels of AMH, insulin, BHBA, NEFA, glucose, T3, T4, and TSH. Additional blood samples were taken on days 9 and 17 post-mating for serum progesterone (P4) analysis. The serum samples were separated and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis. T3, T4, TSH, AMH and insulin levels were measured using an ELISA device, and serum progesterone, NEFA, BHBA and glucose determination were measured using an autoanalyzer. When comparing the results of hormone measurements across lactation groups, it was observed that T3 levels were highest in Group II and lowest in Group III. As for AMH, T4, TSH, insulin, and progesterone hormones, no statistically significant differences were found among the groups. Group I exhibited significantly lower NEFA levels compared to the other two groups, while Group I also had significantly higher glucose levels than the other two groups. In Group II, a statistically significant negative correlation of 69.7% was observed between T4 and AMH. In conclusion, this study determined that T3 hormone, NEFA and glucose levels may play a role in the etiology of RB cows, while AMH and other parameters do not seem to be effective.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdag Namik Kemal University [NKUBAP.10, 21.285]The Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdag Namik Kemal University supported the present study (Project Number: NKUBAP.10.GA.21.285)
ON THE GENERALIZED WEIGHTED STATISTICAL CONVERGENCE
Get PDFStatistical convergence and summability represent a significant generalization of traditional convergence for sequences of real or complex values, allowing for a broader interpretation of convergence phenomena. This concept has been extensively examined by numerous researchers using various mathematical tools and applied to different mathematical structures over time, revealing its relevance across multiple disciplines. In the present study, a generalized definition of the concepts of statistical convergence and summability, termed (△_v^m )_u-generalized weighted statistical convergence and (△_v^m )_u-generalized weighted by [¯N_t ]-summability for real sequences, is introduced using the weighted density and generalized difference operator. Based on this definition, several fundamental properties and inclusion results, obtained by differentiating the components used in the definitions, are provided
In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of a novel toffee type soft candy formulated by a latex obtained from Gundelia tournefortii L. and enriched with a lactic acid-based propolis extract
No full textIn this study, a toffee type soft candy product was developed for the first time with a new production process by means of using a plant based latex (kenger gum) obtained from Gundelia tournefortii L. D-optimal mixture design was used for the optimization of components in the kenger gum added sugared (KGS) and sugar-free (KGSF) candy samples. According to optimization step, the amounts of kenger gum that provided the best sensory scores were found as 2.16 g/100 g and 2.00 g/100 g sample for KGS and KGSF formulations, respectively, and then lactic acid (80 %) based propolis extract (LPE, 0.5 %, 1 %, 2.5 %) were added to these novel candy samples. According to the results, water activity values were determined as 0.6210-0.6315, 0.6197-0.6290 and 0.5226-0.5313 for the control, KGS, and KGSF groups, respectively. Considering the instrumental texture and color parameters, use of kenger gum and different amounts of LPE caused differences in the characteristic properties of samples. Compared to the control group, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, and rosmarinic acid were detected in the samples with added kenger gum. The presence of both kenger gum and LPE in candy samples might have resulted with an interaction and affected the in vitro bioaccessibility of the phenolic compounds.Acknowledgements This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not -for-profit sectors
Determination of the effect of sourdough prepared with the use of various lactic acid bacteria on mold growth in bread
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gıda Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışma, sıvı ekşi hamur üretimi için antifungal aktiviteye sahip üç farklı bakteri suşu (Lactiplantibacillus pentosus SC-9, Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus E-106 ve Lactobacillus paraplantarum N-15) kullanarak çeşitli koşulların optimizasyonunu ve yüksek antifungal aktiviteye sahip sıvı ekşi mayaların hazırlanmasını ele almaktadır. Ekşi mayalar buğday, çavdar, siyez ve yulaf unları ile ayrı ayrı hazırlanmış ve 30°C ve 37°C'de kontrol gruplarıyla birlikte optimizasyon çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplam canlı sayımı, laktik asit bakterisi sayımı, toplam maya ve küf sayımları, pH, titrasyon asitliği, HPLC, GS-MS ve LS-MS/MS yöntemleriyle metobolit tespitleri ve Penicillium expansum, Fusarium oxysporum ve Aspergillus niger küfleri üzerinde antifungal aktivite testleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus E-106 ile hazırlanan sıvı ekşi mayanın, Fusarium oxysporum küfüne karşı 48.saat, 30°C'de, 32,58 mm zon çapı ile iyi bir antifungal aktiviteye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Yine Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus E-106 suşunu içeren ekşi mayalarda, HPLC ile laktik asit, GS-MS ile normal ekmeğe göre daha zengin uçucu metobolit ve LS-MS/MS sonuçlarına göre K3 ve K4 nolu ekşi mayalarda fenillaktik asit varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca in silico modelleme çalışmaları, Moleküler Kenetleme yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş, laktik asit bakterilerinin; fenillaktik asit, laktik asit, asetik asit, malik asit, reuterin, hidrojen peroksit gibi önemli metabolitleri ile kontrol grubu olarak seçilen natamisinin, fungal hif büyüme proteinlerine olan bağlanma enerjileri hesaplanmış ve fenillaktik asidin -6,3 kcal/mol ile diğer metabolitlere göre daha yüksek antifungal aktiviteye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu tez kapsamında antifungal aktiviteye sahip fonksiyonel sıvı ekşi maya ilk defa üretilmiş ve antifungal metabolit üretimi açısından suş ve koşul optimizasyonları gerçekleştirilmiştir.This study deals with the optimization of various conditions and preparation of liquid sourdoughs with high antifungal activity using three different bacterial strains (Lactiplantibacillus pentosus SC-9, Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus E-106 and Lactobacillus paraplantarum N-15) having antifungal activity for liquid sourdough production. Sourdoughs were prepared separately with wheat, rye, einkorn and oat flours and optimization studies were carried out with control groups at 30°C and 37°C. Total viable count, lactic acid bacteria count, total yeast and mold counts, pH, titratable acidity, metabolite determinations by HPLC, GS-MS and LS-MS/MS methods and antifungal activity tests were carried out on Penicillium expansum, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger molds. The results showed that liquid sourdough prepared with. E-106 had good antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum mold with a zone diameter of 32,58 mm at 30°C for 48 hours. Again, in sourdoughs containing E-106, lactic acid was detected by HPLC, richer volatile metabolites than normal bread by GS-MS and the presence of phenyllactic acid in sourdoughs K3 and K4 according to the LS-MS/MS results. In addition, in silico modeling studies were carried out using the Molecular docking method and it was found that lactic acid bacteria; The binding energies of important metabolites such as phenyllactic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, malic acid, reuterin, hydrogen peroxide and natamycin, which was selected as the control group, to fungal hyphae growth proteins were calculated and it was found that phenyllactic acid had higher antifungal activity than other metabolites with -6.3 kcal/mol. Within the scope of this thesis, functional liquid sourdough with antifungal activity was produced for the first time and strain and condition optimizations were carried out in terms of antifungal metabolite production
Do nursing students' attitudes to clinical practice training affect the levels of vocational motivation?
No full textBACKGROUND: It is extremely important for nursing students to be professionally motivated to train qualified future professional nurses. Students' vocational motivation is affected by their experiences in clinical and academic learning environments. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the vocational motivation levels of nursing students and their attitudes toward clinical practice. METHODS: 292 nursing students participated in the cross-sectional, descriptive study. The Student Information Form, Nursing Students' Attitudes Towards Clinical Practices Scale, Motivation Sources and Problems Scale (MSPS) were used to gather the data. RESULTS: The average score for students' attitudes toward clinical practice was 107.08 +/- 18.13, while the total score for MSPS stood at 3.80 +/- 0.63. A positive correlation was identified between the attitude toward clinical practice and vocational motivation levels (r = 0.367; p < 0.001). There were positive correlations between the intrinsic motivation (r = 0.572; p <0.001) and extrinsic motivation (r = 0.58; p < 0.001), and negative correlations were observed between the negative motivation (r = -0.324; p <0.001) and the attitude toward clinical practice scale. There were positive correlations between belief and expectation (r = 0.492; p < 0.001) and positive approach (r = 0.532; p < 0.001) with the MSPS. In the multiple regression analysis, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, satisfaction with studying nursing, and participation in vocational courses were determined as effective predictors of attitudes towards clinical practice and explained 60.4% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that nursing students' attitudes toward clinical practices affect vocational motivation. Clinical learning environments should be arranged in a way to increase the motivation level of students towards professional learning.A particular grant from a public, private, or non-profit organization was given for this research