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Synthesis of furo[2,3-c]carbazoles as potent ?-glucosidase and ?-amylase inhibitors
No full textThe carbazole-3-carbaldehyde 2, produced by N-ethyl carbazole via Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, was subjected to Dakin type oxidation with H2O2 and H2SO4 in methanol to produce the carbazole-3-ol 3. The reaction of 3 with a range of commercially available alpha-haloketones 4a-f in the presence of Al2O3 as catalyst in xylene led to their regio-selective cyclization to afford the furo[2,3-c]carbazoles 5a-f. Identification of the furo[2,3-c]carbazoles 5a-f were performed through H-1 NMR,C-13 NMR, FT-IR and high resolution mass spectrometry. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was employed to further confirm the structures of the some of the targeted compounds. In vitro antidiabetic activities of the newly synthesized furocarbazoles 5a-e were investigated utilizing alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. The biological evaluation revealed the obvious efficiencies of the targeted molecules toward the alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition with the potent IC50 values compared to the standard acarbose. In the case of alpha-glucosidase inhibition, the furo[2,3-c]carbazoles chloro substituted 5c and nitro substituted 5f were found to be more potent than acarbose with the values of 215.0 and 162.70 mu M, respectively. On the other hand, the compound 5f was found to be only promising candidate for alpha-amylase enzyme but not as effective as the standard acarbose.Research Found of the Tekirdag Namimath;k Kemal University [NKUBAP.01.GA.23.475]This work has been supported by Research Found of the Tekirdag Nam & imath;k Kemal University (Project Number: NKUBAP.01.GA.23.475)
Serum Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels in Resistant Hypertension
No full textBackground: Although the precise pathogenetic mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated, hypertension is characterized by endothelial damage and inflammation. The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an inflammatory biomarker that increases in parallel with disease activity in conditions such as systemic inflammation, infection, cancer, and atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess inflammation by means of serum suPAR levels in hypertensive patients and those with resistant hypertension. Methods: Eighty-six adults, 29 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients (HT group) and 23 resistant hypertensive patients (RHT group) and 34 healthy controls, were included in this cross-sectional, observational study. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring results were included in the analysis. Serum suPAR levels were measured using Enzyme -Linked ImmonuSorbent Assay (ELISA). Patients were divided into 2 groups as high suPAR and low suPAR. Results: The serum suPAR level was lower in the control group than that of the HT and RHT groups (P = .001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were positively correlated with the serum suPAR level (r = 0.254, P = .018; r = 0.239, P = .027, respectively). Being in the high-suPAR group was found to increase the risk of RHT by 19.5 times. Other risk factors for RHT were found to be lower urinary sodium excretion and higher urinary albumin excretion [odds ratio (OR) = 0.98; OR = 1.09, respectively]. Conclusion: In our study, suPAR levels were found associated with RHT. To our best knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the relationship between serum suPAR levels and RHT
Comparative efficacy of erector spinae plane and quadratus lumborum blocks in managing postoperative pain for total abdominal hysterectomy: A randomized controlled trial
Get PDFBackground:Effective postoperative pain management after total abdominal hysterectomy is crucial for patient recovery and satisfaction. This study compared the efficacy of the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in reducing postoperative opioid consumption and pain in patients with total abdominal hysterectomy. Methods:In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, 90 patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy were divided into 3 groups: ESPB, QLB, and control. The primary outcome was postoperative opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes included pain scores assessed by the visual analog scale at predetermined times and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Statistical significance was determined using analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results:The ESPB and QLB groups showed a significant reduction in postoperative opioid consumption compared with the control group (P < .001 for both comparisons). Pain scores were significantly lower in the ESPB and QLB groups than in the control group at 2, 6, and 24 hours postoperatively (P < .001 at each time point). The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was lower in the ESPB and QLB groups than that in the control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P = .029). No significant differences were observed in opioid consumption or pain scores between the 2 groups. Conclusion:Both the erector spinae plane and quadratus lumborum blocks effectively reduced postoperative opioid consumption and pain in patients with total abdominal hysterectomy. These techniques offer a promising approach for postoperative pain management, potentially reducing the need for opioids
Starches as solidifiers for medicinal plant micropropagations and biomass accumulations
Get PDFIn plant tissue and cell culture studies, media compositions are one of the most important factors affecting the micropropagation procedure's efficiency. Micropropagation studies can be conducted for commercial productions of medicinal plants, and low-cost options always have significance in large-scale productions. Some media component substitutes have been studied to reduce production costs. Agar, the media solidifier, is one of the most expensive components of media compositions. In this study, corn and wheat starches were used as media solidifiers at 80 and 100 g/L concentrations, and their effects on plant growth (shoot elongations, shoot, node, and root numbers) and biomass accumulations (shoot and root fresh and dry weights) in Lavandula officinalis and Digitalis purpurea node cultures were reported. The results showed that starch type and their concentrations significantly affected plant growth. Maximum multiple shoot number was recorded in medium supplemented with 80 g/L starch and was 61.3% higher than the control. Biomass accumulations were not statistically significant; however, higher biomass accumulations were detected in starch-added media than in control. Consequently, corn and wheat starches can be used at these concentrations as a substitute for agar to induce multiple shoot formations in L. officinalis and D. purpurea node cultures
Efficacy of different diatomoceus earth preparation against larvae and adults of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Get PDFBu çalışmada önemli bir zararlı olan Alphitobius diaperinus ergin ve larvalarına karşı Detech®, Detech® WP 95 ve Silicosec® ticari diatom toprağı formülasyonların insektisidal etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Detech® ve Silicosec®'in 0,25, 0,5, 1, 1,5, 2, 3, 6 ve 9 g/m², Detech® WP 95 1, 3, 6 ve 9 g/m² konsantrasyonlarda kullanılmıştır. Plastik kutuların 17x12x6 cm ebatlarındaki tabanına çimento karışımı dökülmüş ve kurutulmuştur. Toz uygulamada diatomlar belirlenen konsatrasyonlarda fırça ile yüzeye dağıtılmıştır. Islanabilir toz formülasyonda belirlenen konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanarak Airbrush sprayer ile yüzeye püskürtülmüştür. Her bir uygulamada 15'er adet birey kullanılmış, her denemede 0,2 g kepek parçası besin olarak konulmuştur. Biyolojik testler 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüş olup, uygulamayı takip eden 1., 3., 5., 7., 9. ve 14. günlerde ölü canlı birey sayımları yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; Detech® larva toz denemesinde 1.günden itibaren tüm konsantrasyonlarda ölüm görülürken 0,25 g/m²'de 1.günde %22, 1,5 g/m²'de 3.günde %100 ölüm elde edilmiştir. Ergin dönemde ise 3 g/m2 konsantrasyonunda erginlerin 3. günde %100 oranında ölüm elde edilmiştir. Silicosec toz uygulamasına larvaların tamamını 2 g/m2 konsantrasyonda 3.günde, erginlerde ise 6 g/m² konsantrasyonda 5.günde %100 ölüm oranına ulaşıldığı gözlenmiştir. Detech WP 95 uygulamasında ise larvalarla yapılan denemede 6 g/m²'de 3.günde %100 ölüm oranı gözlenirken erginlerde %100 ölüme 9.günde ulaşıldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuçlara genel olarak bakıldığında diatomun A.diaperinus larva ve erginlerine karşı oldukça etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Yapılan çalışmada Detech'in A.diaperinus larva ve erginlerine karşı Silicosec'e göre daha etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Diatomun organik bir ürün olması, kimyasal kullanımını sınırlayacağı ve bu türün mücadelesindeki etkileri ele alındığında kimyasallara alternatif olarak kullanılabileceği yönünde umut vadeden bir ürün olduğu belirlenmiştir.In this study, insecticidal efficacy of Detech®, Detech® WP 95 and Silicosec® commercial diatomaceous earthformulationswere investigated against Alphitobius diaperinus adults and larvae, which is an important pest. Detech® and Silicosec® were used at concentrations of 0,25, 0,5, 1, 1,5, 2, 3, 6 and 9 g/m², Detech® WP 95 at concentrations of 1, 3, 6 and 9 g/m². The cement mixture was poured on the bottom of the plastic boxes with 17x12x6 cm and dried. Wettable powder formulation was prepared at the concentrations determined in the formulation and sprayed on the surface with an airbrush sprayer. In each treatment, 15 individuals were used and 0,2 g of bran pieces were used as food in each experiment. Biological tests were carried out in 3 replicates and dead individuals were counted on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 14th days following the application. According to the results obtained; in the Detech powder experiment, larval mortality was observed at all concentrations starting from the 1st day. 0,25 g/m² 22% mortality was observed on the 1st day and at 1,5 g/m² 100% mortality was observed on the 3rd day and 100% mortality was obtained on the 3rd day at 3 g/m2 concentration for adults. In Silicosec® powder treatment, 100% mortality of the larvae was observed on the 3rd day at a concentration of 2 g/m², whereas100% mortality of the adults was obtained on the 5th day at a concentration of 6 g/m². In Detech® WP 95 application, 100% mortality of the larvae was observed on the 3rd day at 6 g/m² in the experiment, whereas 100% mortality of the adults was observed on the 9th day. Detech® was found to be more effective than Silicosec® against A.diaperinus larvae and adults. In coclusion, diatomaceous earth is a promising product that can be used as an alternative to the chemicals for the control of A.diaperinus since it is is an organic product and effective against A.diaperinus larvae and adults
An evaluation to compare the liquidity main dynamics of Turkiye's manufacturing sector with textile products manufacturing sector
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme Ana Bilim DalıTürkiye'de imalat sektörü ve alt sektörü olan tekstil ürünlerinin imalatı sektörü hem ihracata yaptığı katkı hem de istihdama sağladığı katkı düşünüldüğünde ülke ekonomi açısından vazgeçilmezdir. Yine aynı nedenden dolayı finansal yapılarının sağlam ve sürdürülebilir olması çok önemlidir. Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankasının her yıl 7000'den fazla firmanın mali tablolarını kullanarak ürettiği sektör mali tabloları çalışmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankasının paylaşmış olduğu imalat sektörü ve tekstil ürünlerinin imalatı sektörünün 2009-2022 yılları arasını kapsayan 14 yıllık verileri değerlendirilmiş, likidite ana dinamikleri ile karşılaştırılarak ana sektör ile alt sektör arasındaki benzerlik ve farklar yorumlanmıştır. Her iki sektör için de likiditenin Türkiye için kabul edilen ortalamalara yakın olduğu, tekstil ürünlerinin imalatı sektörünün likidite üretme kabiliyetinin daha üstün olduğu, incelenen her dönemde net işletme sermayesi NİS 3 oranının daha istikrarlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.The manufacturing sector and its sub-sector textile manufacturing sector in Turkey, as well as its contribution to exports and employment, are indispensable in terms of their contribution to the national economy. For the same reasons, sustainable and strong financial structures are very important. Financial statements, produced by The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, using more than 7000 company financial statements, are base of this study. The main and sub-sector financial statements, covering 14 years between 2009 and 2022, which were shared by The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, were evaluated and the similarities and differences between the main sector and the sub-sector were interpreted by comparing them with the main dynamics of liquidity. Both sectors in Türkiye have liquidity levels close to accepted averages, with the textile manufacturing sector demonstrating superior liquidity generation capability. It was found that net working capital NİS 3 ratio is more stable in each period examined
The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and Firm Value and Performance: The Evidence from Istanbul Stock Exchange of Turkey
No full textDue to the globalization process in the world, many developments in the economic system increase the competition between companies. The increase of competition makes the corporate governanceGovernance practices important in terms of firm value and performance. Therefore, our aim in this study is to examine the effect of corporate governanceGovernance practices on firm value and performance. The study is based on companies in Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) Corporate GovernanceGovernance Index in Turkey. The panel data of 34 companies in the ISE Corporate GovernanceGovernance Index for the period 2015–2019 are gathered. Unit root test, Granger causality test, and regression analysis are performed within the scope of panel data analysis and the findings are interpreted in the study. The results showed that the increase of the corporate governanceGovernance practices of companies affects the value and performance of the company significantly and positively. In addition, it was found that the increase in the current ratio, debt ratio, and equity growth rate of the firm has a significant and positive effect on the value and performance of the firms while the increase in the size of the firm has a significant and negative effect. To sum up, it is revealed that firms’ activities within the framework of the principles of transparency, equality, accountability, and responsibility affects firm value and performance in a strongly positive way. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024
Evaluation of the Patients with the Diagnosis of Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia: A Multicenter National Study
No full textPontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by hypoplasia and degeneration of the cerebellum and pons. We aimed to identify the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of the patients with diagnosed PCH with confirmed genetic analysis. We collected available clinical data, laboratory, and imaging findings in our retrospective multicenter national study of 64 patients with PCH in Turkey. The genetic analysis included the whole-exome sequencing (WES), targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS), or single gene analysis. Sixty-four patients with PCH were 28 female (43.8%) and 36 (56.3%) male. The patients revealed homozygous mutation in 89.1%, consanguinity in 79.7%, pregnancy at term in 85.2%, microcephaly in 91.3%, psychomotor retardation in 98.4%, abnormal neurological findings in 100%, seizure in 63.8%, normal biochemistry and metabolic investigations in 92.2%, and dysmorphic findings in 51.2%. The missense mutation was found to be the most common variant type in all patients with PCH. It was detected as CLP1 (n = 17) was the most common PCH related gene. The homozygous missense variant c.419G > A (p.Arg140His) was identified in all patients with CLP1. Moreover, all patients showed the same homozygous missense variant c.919G > T (p.A307S) in TSEN54 group (n = 6). In Turkey, CLP1 was identified as the most common causative gene with the identical variant c.419G > A; p.Arg140His. The current study supports that genotype data on PCH leads to phenotypic variability over a wide phenotypic spectrum.Karadeniz Technical UniversityWe would like to thank Sefer Kumandas, Cetin Okuyaz, Ozlem Herguner, Ayse Aksoy and Figen Celep Eyuboglu for their valuable comments
Artificial intelligence methods for modeling gasification of waste biomass: a review
No full textGasification is a highly promising thermochemical process that shows considerable potential for the efficient conversion of waste biomass into syngas. The assessment of the feasibility and comparative advantages of different biomass and waste gasification schemes is contingent upon a multifaceted combination of interrelated criteria. Conventional analytical approaches employed to facilitate decision-making rely on a multitude of inadequately defined parameters. Consequently, substantial efforts have been directed toward enhancing the efficiency and productivity of thermochemical conversion processes. In recent times, artificial intelligence (AI)-based models and algorithms have gained prominence, serving as indispensable tools for expediting these processes and formulating strategies to address the growing demand for energy. Notably, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have emerged as cutting-edge AI models, demonstrating exceptional effectiveness and profound relevance in the realm of thermochemical conversion systems. This study provides an overview of the machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches utilized during gasification and evaluates their benefits and drawbacks. Many industries and applications related to energy conversion systems use AI algorithms. Predicting the output of conversion systems and subjects linked to optimization are two of this science's critical applications. This review sheds light on the burgeoning utility of AI, particularly ML and DL, which have garnered significant attention due to their applications in productivity prediction, process optimization, real-time process monitoring, and control. Furthermore, the integration of hybrid models has become commonplace, primarily owing to their demonstrated success in modeling and optimization tasks. Importantly, the adoption of these algorithms significantly enhances the model's capability to tackle intricate challenges, as DL methodologies have evolved to offer heightened accuracy and reduced susceptibility to errors. Within the scope of this study, an exhaustive exploration of ML and DL techniques and their applications has been conducted, uncovering existing research knowledge gaps. Based on a comprehensive critical analysis, this review offers recommendations for future research directions, accentuating the pivotal findings and conclusions derived from the study.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Rectorate [37323]This study was funded by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Rectorate. Project number: 37323
