International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (IJASRE)
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Subject Review: Brain Tumor Classification using Neural Network
Get PDFThe basic goal of this research study is to show a critical review of existing paper on human brain tumor classification systems above the last 10 years. Attention and study accomplishments in brain tumor classification have arisen essentially above the previous few years, particularly with the need for an assistant to the doctor to diagnose such critical non-faulty diseases has led to the building of this type of system, for instance neural networks is important compounds. Survey and evaluation become necessary, as the number of suggested techniques increases.
This study present the survey focus on various researchers applied their systems using neural network, and moreover a contrast between these systems is discussed
Qualitative Survey & Evaluation of Urbanization and Slum Development in Ugep Urban, Yakurr Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe twentieth century witnessed a rapid shift in population from rural areas to urban areas in most countries of the world. There is a growing concentration of people in urban centers and Ugep in Yakurr Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria, is a case study. Housing demand increases due to growth in population, rapid urbanization and industrialization. It influences quality living and its shortage more often leads to overcrowding, unsanitary conditions and slum development. The aim of this study is to assess urbanization and slum development in Ugep urban. The specific objectives include; (i) to examine the cause of urbanization and slum development in Ugep Urban. (ii) to determine the negative impact of urbanization and slum in the area under study. (iii) to make recommendations for sustainable growth and development of Ugep urban.
Field surveys and questionnaire administration were used for the collection of socio-economic data. Other methods for data collection include oral interview, direct physical observation and focused group discussion. Purposive sampling techniques was adopted and a total of 200 copies of the semi-structured questionnaire, 50 each were randomly administered in each of the four major political wards in Ugep namely, Bikobiko, Ijiman, Ijom and Ikpakapit which make up Ugep Urban. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentages and tables. The result of this study shows that Ugep urban is highly urbanized considering its increasing population in all the wards. Poverty is prevalent with a high occupancy rate. The study revealed that residents live in substandard houses without basic amenities and services. The study also revealed high incidences of criminal activities and poor health conditions due to unsanitary conditions. The study recommended the creation of employment opportunities and the provision of basic amenities and services to reduce rural-urban migration. It recommended a reduction in the cost of building materials and encouraging long-term loans with low-interest rates. The study also recommended that the Area Planning Authority in Ugep should set and enforce standards for public and private buildings and ensure that development plans obtain a building permit before structures are erected
Pharmacogenomics: History, Development and Challenges
Get PDFPharmacogenomics is seen as the combination of pharmacology and genomics. It studies the effect of genetic variations and genetic polymorphisms on the drug response. Individuals respond differently to drugs and sometimes the effects are unpredictable. Differences in DNA that alter the function or expression of proteins that are targeted by drugs can contribute notably to variation in the responses of individuals. This intersection of genomics and medicine has the capacity to yield a new set of molecular diagnostic tools which can be used to optimize drug therapy. By optimizing drug therapy, reducing adverse drug reaction events, and developing patient-centric approaches, pharmacogenomics can achieve the goal of personalized medicine wherein the right drug or right amount of drug is given to the right patient. The present article sheds light upon the historical perspective of pharmacogenomics and the seminal studies examining the fact that patients do not uniformly respond to medications. It also emphasizes the current status of pharmacogenomics and drug development. Some of the barriers in implementing pharmacogenomics have also been presented. 
Study of the Adaptation Process as a Local Community Strategy in Social Transformation of Samin Group of Indonesia
Get PDFThe Samin community is an indigenous community with its unique and unique culture. The presence of modern culture in the traditional environment has implications for the emergence of a new order in the culture of the Samin group. The Samin people who initially did not like to mix with other groups except with their own group, became more open to accept new things in their community. These changes encourage researchers to study the Adaptation process as a Local Community Strategy in Social Transformation. Data collected through interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis uses interactive design. The results of this study indicate that: First, the adaptation of the Samin people develops from an evolutionary understanding that humans always try to adapt to their surroundings, both biologically / genetically and culturally. Second, the social behavior carried out by the Samin community is an objective condition united with a collective commitment to a value influenced by the social system, cultural system, and personality system of each individual. Third, the social transformation of the Samin community is influenced by internal and external factors, which is the result of a process that very complex of various social, economic, political, and cultural sub-systems. Fourth, the social life of the Samin people is fundamentally an organic evolution, that society is ideally democratic, moral, and progressive
The Study of Implementation Policy of Additional Income for State Civil Servants in Bengkulu Provincial Government of Indoneisa
Get PDFThe policy based on Bengkulu governor regulations number 52 of 2017 about the change of the Bengkulu governor regulations number 52 of 2017 about Provision of additional income for civil servants in Bengkulu Provincial Government shows that Bengkulu Provincial Government has attention and seriousness on issues of existence and well -being of civil servants in Bengkulu Province. In order to overcome the various problems that occur in government apparatus requiring comprehensive and ongoing handling, one of them is the provision of additional income with various forms and formulations. The problem of this research is how the implementation of Bengkulu governor regulations number 21 of 2018 about the change of Bengkulu governor regulations number 52 of 2017 about the provision of additional income for a civil servant in Bengkulu Provincial Government and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors of the implementation of the governor regulation. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The informant in the research includes several informants involved in the policymaking, implementer, or actor policy from various regional employee organizations. The technique of data collection uses direct observation, detailed interview, interactive approach,, documentation study and focus group discussion (FGD). The data are analyzed by using several steps according to Miles, Huberman and Saldana's theory, in analyzing data, there are 3 steps that must be taken: data condensation, data display, drawing conclusion and verification. Data condensation refers to the process of selecting, focusing, simplifying, abstracting and transforming data. The data verification in this research uses triangulation techniques such as check, re-check and cross-check to the data obtained from the theory, methodology, and the researcher's perception. The result of the research shows that communication is done by involving several parties, in the beginning of communication done by Bengkulu governor with all regional employee organizations to synchronize the understanding dealing with the importance of providing additional employee income for civil servants. Resources; resources on the implementation of governor regulations about additional employee income are provided adequately, source of financial funds/funding that is provided large enough. Material resource/infrastructure is used to implement the provided policy adequately such as fingerprint, application software for additional employee income, and gadgets or mobile phones that is possible to use application or additional employee income programs. In the implementation of Bengkulu provincial government regulations for state civil servants in the Bengkulu government environment, characteristics, attitudes, and character of the executors showing honest, discipline, and responsible. On the other hand, there is a problem with the spirit of doing the job, especially in the performance report. There is a change that is going on as a whole on the life of the civil servant government apparatus in the whole Bengkulu Provincial Government, in quite a large number, about 7000 employees
Characterization of New Rice Lines Adapted to Medium Altitude Ecological Conditions in Burundi
Get PDFRice is a portion of luxury food, a cereal that constitutes a major source of calories for the urban and rural population. It is the second-largest crop grown worldwide. In Burundi country, rice demand has been increasing more rapidly in both urban and sub-urban areas due to its use in alcohol and oil fabrication, marketing for household economic income, and cattle feeding. Unfortunately, rice production is limited due to population growth, coupled with its cultivation almost in lower altitude regions only. An experiment on the characterization of new rice lines for the development of high-yielding genotypes with desirable agronomic traits was carried out to assess the most adapted lines which could be recommended to farmers in the region. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. It has considered 10 rice lignes (V3, V7, V8, V13, V14, V16, V18, V22, V34, V35), planted on 8 ha area, divided into single plots of 8 m2 each with 20 X 20 cm for spacing. Based on statistic analysis, the results of the study showed line V34 as the most adapted variety with significant differences compared to other lines. It showed improved growth parameters as plant height, panicles exsertion and panicles length. Moreover, this line V34 has recorded enhanced yield with p<0.05 as compared to others. Likewise, improved pinicles numbers and thousand grains weight were observed for this line V34. The study highlighted line V34 as the most adapted line that could be recommended to the people of the region
Study on Stability of Saturated Rock-Like Material Containing Pre-Existing Crack
Get PDFThe stability of the rock mass is generally constituted by the presence and the behavior of the discontinuities. The flow of water in a rock mass is one of the parameters that considerably affect fractured rock behavior, strength, and stability. This study proposes triaxial compression test to determine the stress, strain, and failure modes of the penetrating fractured rock mass under static load, and to reveal the relationship between its strength, deformation and strain rate, fracture slope, and fracture water. ABAQUS simulation proposes to identify material damage plasticity and generate stress and displacement of the specimen. Two kinds of the specimens which were plane and rough surface have been tested under drying state and saturated state conditions. The specimens were made with the slope of 30°, 45°, and 60°. Three-dimensional scanning is carried to illustrate the surface of the rock samples. Compressive strength of drying state specimens performed better than saturated state. The results also show that the greater slopes attained lower compressive strength and the rough surface attained higher compressive strength compared to plane surface. The simulation results attained similar trend with the experiment results.
Grading of Steel Rebar’s used in Cement Concrete Based on Compression Test
Get PDFCompressive strength test is the most common test carried out on concrete and is considered good enough for design and decision making for concrete and reinforced concrete works. Meanwhile the quality of steel used for reinforcement works is determined by its tensile strength, yield strength, weight and elongation. In addition, the chemical composition content which affects the quality is also determined. However, it is difficult to know all these things for a common man and so a simple test called bend test conducted on site is usually carried out to assess the quality of steel. When bent to make an angle of 90 to 135 degrees and then bent back straight, there should be no cracks on the rebar and its original shape retained once it is straightened, one can be assured that it is of best quality. Even at this the strength of the rebar which informs its Grade cannot be known. Since the compression strength test is universally acceptable for concrete grading, it should be equally universally acceptable for rebars. This informed the authors decision to work and recommend appropriate ratio of height to diameter as 2 for yield stress for circular rebars. Fourteen and twenty four Samples of supposed mild steel rebars and high yield steel rebars where tested in compression. Half of this was tested for height to diameter ratio of 1 and the other half tested for a ratio of 2. The result revealed for a ratio of 2 that the high yield steel where of grade 60 or grade 420 since the average of the stresses for this ratio was 460.01N/mm2 meanwhile the supposed mild steel was actually medium tensile steel and not mild steel as was reported in the purchase certificate. The result of this study support the grading in ASTM A 615, BS4449, Euro Standard(DIN 488) and Indian Standard (IS: 1786) and compares favorably with recent works.
Key Words: Rebar, Steel, Grade, yield, Strength, Concret
Calculation of Transmission Lines and Electrical Equipment of 150 kV Main Guluk-Guluk Madura Island East Java, Indonesia
Get PDFGuluk-Guluk is supplied by a 20 kV system from the Pamekasan GI and Sumenep GI, resulting in a voltage drop of 5 kV. The fall in the voltage on the load side cannot be overcome through the regulation of transformer tapping or the use of bank capacitors, so the possible way is to build a new GI. The construction of GI Guluk-Guluk requires a new transmission line. A good electric power transmission has a low voltage drop, high efficiency and high surge impedance loading (SIL) values. Efforts to improve the voltage by changing the tapping in the power transformer located at the nearest substation only produce a voltage of 166.07 kV. The provision of bank capacitors in Guluk-Guluk produces a voltage of 17,542 kV. The construction of GI Guluk-Guluk requires a new transmission line that connects Pamekasan to Guluk-Guluk, Sampang to Guluk-Guluk and Guluk-Guluk to Sumenep. The construction of a 150 kV network line requires calculations to determine network configurations, conductors, isolators, tower types, and electrical equipment supporting 150 kV transmission systems such as current transformers, voltage transformers, power breakers, and arresters. In this final project, simulation is done with the help of ETAP 12.6 software. The results of calculations and simulations of the transmission line toward Guluk-Guluk give a voltage drop of 4.89 kV, with an efficiency level of 96.74% and a SIL value of 41.225 MW. so these results are sufficient to be used as a reference for GI development in Guluk-Guluk
Appraisal of Abiogenic Oil (Petroleum) using Mathematical Modeling Approach with certain selected Elements, Minerals and Rocks of Kassa Volcanic Field (KVF) of Jos Plateau State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe possibility of finding petroleum hydrocarbons in sedimentation (sedimentary rock) or magmatic-hydrothermal (igneous origin) is a matter of probability. A mathematical modeling approach is employed to appraise petroleum hydrocarbons using certain elements, minerals, and rocks whether it is biogenic or abiogenic. Methodologically, ten samples were collected at random at different points in Kassa Volcanic Field (KVC). These samples were examined in a thin section in the University of Jos Geology laboratory, using a petrographic microscope both plane and crossed polarized light and the minerals revealed were olivines, pyroxene, plagioclase, and iron ore. Two kilograms (2kg) of each of the samples were pulverized and subjected to chemical analysis using inductively coupled plasma – Mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and revealed the following major and trace elements such as, as Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, K, Na, P, N, Ni, Va, Ti, Mo, As, Ba, Ca, Sc, Cr, Br, in percentage and in part per million and can be compared to those obtained from petroleum ash. Several experiments have shown that petroleum ash contains the following major and trace elements: Silicon, Iron, Aluminum, Calcium, Magnesium, Copper, Lead, Tin, Arsenic, Antimony, Zinc, Silver, Nickel, Chromium, Molybdenum, Bismuth, and Vanadium. Using set notation and matrix approach to analyze these elements, three possibilities were made to trace the origin of petroleum hydrocarbon whether it is a sedimentary origin (biogenic) or igneous origin (abiogenic). Mathematically, these possibilities include; the SiAl consisting of Silicon and Aluminum, the TiTi consisting of Tin and Titanium as well as NiVa, consisting of Nickel and Vanadium. Another important possibility is the presence of Diamond within an igneous body which depicts the characteristic of mantle composition. The ability of this abiogenic oil to rotating the plane of polarization of polarized light was examined and was proven possible using the mathematical method. The presence of these three possibilities in the crude oil could be a result of infiltration of these minerals and elements, from the source igneous rocks during crystallization of magma. If the abiogenic origin using the three possibilities is considered as the origin of petroleum, then drilling of petroleum hydrocarbons should be extended to the igneous environment, especially the study area Kassa Volcanic Field (KVF)