International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology
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Effect of Time and Method of Post-Emergence Atrazine Application in Controlling Weeds in Maize
Get PDFFifteen weed control treatments comprising of atrazine 1.5 & 2.0 kg/ha as spray and broadcast withsand on 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing (DAS); atrazine 1.5 kg/ha pre-emergence spray; farmer’s practice andweedy check were tested during kharif 2013 on a silty clay loam soil at Palampur. Echinochloa colona,Commelina benghalensis, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyperus sp., Digitaria sangunalis and Panicumdichotomiflorum were the important weeds. Grassy weeds were more pre-dominant than broad-leaf weeds. Preemergence spray of atrazine 1.5 kg/ha and spray of atrazine 2 kg/ha on 7 DAS were effective in controllinggrassy weeds but weeds that appear late during crop growth i.e Ageratum conyzoides and Cyperus sp. were bettercontrolled by spray of atrazine 2 kg/ha on 21 DAS. Atrazine 2 kg/ha applied on 7 DAS (spray) remaining at parwith Atrazine 1.5 kg/ha applied on 7 DAS (spray), Atrazine 1.5 kg/ha applied on 14 DAS (spray), Atrazine 2kg/ha applied on 14 DAS (spray), Atrazine 1.5 kg/ha applied on 21 DAS (spray), Atrazine 2 kg/ha applied on 21DAS (spray) and Atrazine 1.5 kg/ha (pre- emergence spray) gave significant higher grain yield over rest of thetreatments. Net returns over weedy control/check were higher under atrazine 2.0 kg/ha sprayed on 7 DASfollowed by pre-emergence application of atrazine (1.50 kg/ha). Marginal benefit cost ratio was highest underpre-emergence atrazine at 1.5 kg/ha followed by atrazine 1.5 kg/ha sprayed on 7 DAS
Weed Management by Herbicide for Yield and Quality Parameters in Mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.)
Get PDFA field experiment on Weed management in herbicide for growth and yield attributing charactersin mustard was conducted on the RMD College of Agriculture & Research Station, Ambikapur,during the Rabi season of 2012-2013. Soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture.12 treatments with different herbicidal combination of weed management practices were study inrandomized block design and 3 times replicated. weed control treatments Pendimethalin @1.0kg/ha PE, Glyphosate 50gm/ha alone after emergence of Orobanche, Trifluralin @ 1.5kg/haPPI, Glyphosate 25gm/ha alone with 1% solution NH4SO4 at 40 DAS, Neem cake at 200kg/hain furrow and Pendimethalin at 0.5kg/ha (PE) followed by 1 hoeing at 40 DAS, Neem cake at200kg/ha in furrow followed by Imazethapyr 30gm/ha at 20DAS, Trifluralin @ 1.5kg/ha +Neemoil 1% PPI, soybean oil 2 drops/shoot after emergence of Orobanche, Application of 25% extradose of phosphorus and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria, Trichoderma viride 2.5kg/ha as basalapplication, Farmers practice-1 hoeing at 40DAS and Weedy check, The study of revealedthat the plant population was uniform under various weed control treatments. Datapertaining to seed yield kg/ha. It was clear from the data that application of pendimethalin (T1)produced significantly higher seed yield over all the weed control treatment except treatment T7and T5. Data further revealed that the treatment T3 also gave significantly higher seed yield overrest the treatment except T1, T5, and T7. Oil content (%) is analysis of variance revealed that oilcontent in seed did not differ significantly among different weed control treatments. However, itvaried from 39.80 to 40.52 per cent. The maximum oil yield was recorded in treatment T1 whichwas significantly higher over weedy check. All the weed control treatments noted higher oilyield over weedy check
Weed Management by Herbicide for Physiological and Quality Parameters in Mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.)
Get PDFA field experiment on Weed management in herbicide for growth and yield attributing characters inmustard was conducted on the RMD College of Agriculture & Research Station, Ambikapur, during theRabi season of 2012-2013. Soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture. 12 treatments withdifferent herbicidal combination of weed management practices were study in randomized block designand 3 times replicated. weed control treatments Pendimethalin @ 1.0kg/ha PE, Glyphosate 50gm/ha aloneafter emergence of Orobanche, Trifluralin @ 1.5kg/ha PPI, Glyphosate 25gm/ha alone with 1% solutionNH4SO4 at 40 DAS, Neem cake at 200kg/ha in furrow and Pendimethalin at 0.5kg/ha (PE) followed by 1hoeing at 40 DAS, Neem cake at 200kg/ha in furrow followed by Imazethapyr 30gm/ha at 20DAS,Trifluralin @ 1.5kg/ha +Neem oil 1% PPI, soybean oil 2 drops/shoot after emergence of Orobanche,Application of 25% extra dose of phosphorus and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria, Trichoderma viride2.5kg/ha as basal application, Farmers practice-1 hoeing at 40DAS and Weedy check. The study ofrevealed that the plant population was uniform under various weed control treatments. Leaf area indexdata pertaining to LAI at successive growth stages. The maximum LAI was recorded in treatment T1which was significantly higher over weedy check and T6 but at par with T7, T5 and T3 at 30 and 60DAS.Further it was clear that the treatments T4, T2, T8, T9, T10 and T11 gave also higher LAI which werestatistically at par to each other & significantly superior over weedy check & T6 treatment at 30 and60DAS. Where as in 90DAS LAI was significantly higher in T1 over weedy check and T6 treatment butat par with T7, T5, T3, T4 & T2.Weedy check. Crop growth rate (g/ day/ m2) the rate of increase in thebiomass per unit time provided an important physiological index suggesting growth of the plant in adefinite interval. The CGR was computed from the relevant data collected from field and lab work, fordifferent stages. CGR calculated at 30-60DAS, 60-90DAS and 90-harvest of crop growth was notinfluenced by any weed management treatment. Relative growth rate (g/ g/ day). the rate of increase inthe biomass per unit time provided an important physiological index suggesting growth of the plant overthe previous growth in a definite interval. The RGR was computed from the relevant data collected fromfield and lab work, for different stages. RGR calculated at 30-60 DAS, 60-90DAS and 90-harvestintervals of crop growth rate was not influenced by all integrated weed management treatment. Oilcontent (%) is Analysis of variance revealed that oil content in seed did not differ significantly amongdifferent weed control treatments. However, it varied from 39.80 to 40.52 per cent. The maximum oilyield was recorded in treatment T1 which was significantly higher over weedy check. All the weedcontrol treatments noted higher oil yield over weedy check
Impact of CO2 Emission on Economic Growth and Environmental Kuznets Curve, India
Get PDFThe major constituent of Green House Gases (GHGs) is attributed to carbon dioxide (CO2)emission that leads to global warming and climate change. Increasing negative consequences of globalwarming and climate change had called for more attention and discussion on global environmental issues.In this context, present paper tried to investigate the growth trend of CO2 emission from agriculture and totest the hypothesis of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for India over the period of 1971 to 2009.Growth trend analysis suggests that all the sources of GHGs emission from agriculture were showingpositive growth trend except N2O from rice cultivation. The positive relationship was found between CO2equivalent GHGs emission from agriculture and agricultural value added (current US) and agricultural GDP was growing with a compound growth of 6.70and 4.53 per cent respectively during the study period. There was positive relationship between per capitaGDP (current US ) and CO2 does not support the hypothesis ofEnvironmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) i.e. inverted U shaped in India context. Economic growth itself cannotreplace multilateral policies that seek to reduce the CO2 emission. Therefore, government should developand adopt appropriate policies to reduce the CO2 emission from different sources
Effect of the Application of Nitrogen, Zinc and Boron on Soil Properties and Available Nutrients Status after the Harvest of Wheat
Get PDFA field investigation was carried out at Palampur with sixteen treatment combinations consisting offour levels of N (0, 50,100 and150 per cent of recommended dose), two levels of Zn (0 and 10 kg ha-1) and twolevels of B (0 and 1 kg ha-1) in factorial randomized block design. Application of N, Zn and B significantlyincreased their respective available contents in soil after wheat harvest. Nitrogen application also had positiveeffect on available P K and Zn. There was a consistent increase in available N content after wheat harvest withincreasing levels of N. In case of P, the differences between N levels were narrow enough and 50 per centrecommended N over control, 100 per cent N over 50 per cent N and 150 per cent over 100 per cent N could notsignificantly influence available P content of soil. The available K and Zn contents of the soil were significantlyincreased upto 100 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen. Highest grain (45.83 q ha-1) yield of wheat wasrecorded under 150 per cent of recommended dose of nitrogen which was 84.8 per cent higher than control.Application of 10 kg Zn ha-1increased the grain yield by 9.7 per cent. Similarly, boron application @ 1 kg ha-1increased grain yield by 8.1 per cent. 
Effect of Improved Production Technologies on Growth and Yield of Hybrid Maize
Get PDFAn experimental trial was conducted at central farm, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Killikulam during Feb 2014 to June 2014 to study the improved production technology (IPT) on growth and yieldof hybrid maize. The improved production technologies were compared with farmer practice. The results revealedthat adoption of improved production technologies for maize influenced the growth attributes viz., plant height,stem girth, leaf area index, dry matter production and yield attributes viz., cob length, number of rows per cob,number of grains per row and number of grains per cob. There was a remarkable improvement in grain yieldwith an overall increase of 52 per cent over farmers practice due to adoption of improved production techniquesin maize. Higher stover yield was also recorded due to adoption of IPT in maize
Effect of Vermicompost, Cow Dung and Different Organic Manure Combination on Growth and Yield of Chilli Crop (Capsicum annuum L) in India
Get PDFField experiments were conducted during 2014 – 2015 on clay loam soil at ShobhitUniversity Gangoh, Saharanpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India, to evaluate the efficacy ofVermicompost on the soil quality characteristics, and on the Growth and yield characteristics ofchilli – Capsicum annuum L., in comparison to Cow dung and leave Manure. supplementedwith recommended dose of Vermicompost organic fertilizer increased the pore space, waterholding capacity, cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, other micro-macro nutrients – Ca,Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and microbial population - quality (vitamin A, Vitamin C andCapsaicin content) of chilli was enhanced in the soil. In overall investigations, the obtainedresults specified that the application of Vermicompost show promising results in the cultivationof chilli and better for obtaining the higher quality chilli and further the cow dung and leavegood growth and high yield of chilli crop
Performance of Rice in Different Methods of Crop Establishment in Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh
Get PDFIn Vizianagaram district of Andhra Pradesh manual transplanting is the popular method ofcrop establishment in rice growing areas, the method more laborious leads to increase in the cost ofcultivation and also delays planting due to scarcity of labour. Machine transplanting of young seedlingsor direct seeding of sprouted seeds with the help of eight row drum seeder reduces labor, fastens plantingoperation, and avoids late planting. DAATT Centre Vizianagaram, conducted ten front linedemonstrations on machine planting and direct seeding of sprouted paddy using eight row drum seederand direct seeding of sprouted paddy by broadcasting consecutively for three years during rabi 2012-13,2013-14 and 2014-15. The results revealed that the increase in rice grain yield of machine planting anddirect seeding drum seeder method were 12.3, 3.9 percent, respectively, however direct seeding bybroadcasting method yielded 3.1% lesser yield compared to transplanted rice. The benefit cost ratio were1.67, 2.03, 1.99 and 1.88 in manual transplanting, machine transplanting planting and direct seeding ofsprouted paddy seed by drum seeder method and direct seeding sprouted paddy seed by broadcasting,respectively
Chemical Management of Common Vetch (Vicia sativa L.) Weed in Rice Fallow Black Gram in Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh
Get PDFIn Vizianagaram district of Andhra Pradesh Vicia sativa (common vetch) weed is majorconstraint for Black gram cultivation in Rice fallow situations. Manual weeding is followed for itsmanagement which is high labor intensive and increases cost of cultivation, sometimes due to scarcity oflabour delayed weeding severely affects crop yields. District Agricultural Advisory and Transfer ofTechnology Centre (DAATTC) Vizianagaram, conducted four front line demonstrations on chemical controlof Vicia sativa L. (common vetch) in rice fallow black gram for two consecutive years during rabi 2012-13and 2013-14. Chemical weed management of Vicia weed with Acifluorfen 16.5 % + Clodinafop-p-propagryl8 % EC (Iris 24.5% EC) was sprayed on blackgram at the rate of 1.5 ml L-1at the age of 25 days old crop aspost emergence herbicide reduced cost of cultivation by 22.6 percent. The chemical weed managementresulted in increased blackgram seed yield of 15.46 percent compared to manual weeding. Gross and netreturns were significantly more in chemical weed management compared to manual weeding. The averagebenefit cost ratio in chemical weed management in rice fallow blackgram was 2.19 compared to 1.55 in manual weeding
Performance of Wheat with Different Sowing Techniques under Rice-Wheat Cropping System
Get PDFThe present study aims at investigating the impacts of different plantingmethods on the growth and yield of wheat. The five different agronomic sowingmethods covers Broadcasting of seed and cross ploughing by cultivator (T1), sowing ofwheat by zero tilled seed drill (T2), two cross ploughing by cultivator than broadcastingof seed (T3), two cross ploughing by cultivator than sowing behind the plough (T4) andtwo cross ploughing by cultivator than sowing of wheat by zero tilled seed drill (T5)were applied to check the performance of growth and yield of wheat. Sowing methods ofwheat recorded statistically significant difference in growth as well as yield attributingcharacters of wheat and it was produced maximum in treatment T2, where sowing ofwheat was done by zero tillage. Grain yield (35.6 q/ha) and straw yield (44.9 q/ha) ofwheat were also produced maximum when wheat was sown by method of zero tillage.The treatments T1 was recorded significantly lower grain and straw yield of wheat