International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology
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Biofortification of Food Crops: An Approach towards Improving Nutritional Security in South Asia
Get PDFGlobally, over two billion people are suffering from micronutrient led malnutrition. A diverse dietcomposed of fruits, vegetables and animal products is needed to meet the nutritional and energyrequirements. However, these diets are out of reach for most of the population, especially for people living inunder-developed and developing countries. Major staple food crops consumed on a regular basis by the pooris generally low in nutritional content. This issue can be addressed by the process known as Biofortification,an approach of increasing the nutrient density (preferably, vitamins and minerals), and improve the qualitydietary uptake and nutritional status of the major section of the society. With the advent of thebiofortification, various breeding and agronomic techniques, modern biotechnological approaches have beendeveloped that can successfully incorporate these body essentials in the major food sources. Withmalnutrition prevailing as major problem, it is a promising, sustainable and economical approach ofdelivering food rich in micronutrients to the people that have very limited access to diverse diets. This reviewsummarises some important topics related to biofortification including, introduction, micronutrient deficientSouth Asian countries, different means of biofortification, limitations and future prospects. 
Morphology and Physico-Chemical Properties of Upland Area of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj
Get PDFThe study evaluate the morphology, physico - chemical characteristics as well as the nutrient status of uplandsoils, located in Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology & Sciences (SHUATS) area of prayagraj.Profile depth of 1m, with 20cm interval for 5 different samples are examined for their morphology, physical and chemicalproperties. A total numbers of 5 samples were collected from different depth at 20cm interval. All field and laboratoryanalyses were done following standard procedures. The results indicate that the nutrient status of the upland soils in thearea were moderate. The nutrient status recorded a neutral pH of 7.03 in the study area, with 0.39dSm-1electricalconductivity, the available nitrogen recorded was low with 139.54 kg ha-1, organic carbon recorded a value of 0.9%, theorganic matter also recorded a value of 1.6%.The soil has no carbonate threat with a recorded value of 0.50%.Thephysical properties of the soil give a bulk density of 1.30Mgm-3,particle density of 3.0 Mgm-3, with total porosity of56.80%,and a solid phase of 43.6%.The soil particle size show a textural class of sandy clay loam of 65.2% sand, 26.6%clay, 8.2% silt, with angular to sub angular blocky structure, the morphology of the study area show a yellowish brown todark yellowish brown color, with clear and smooth horizon boundaries ,and a little abrupt distinction. The soil shows afriable consistency at the surface and a moderately hard consistency at the subsurface horizons
Quality Evaluation of Rhododendron arboreum Flowers of Different Regions of Himachal Pradesh for Standardization of Juice Extraction Technique
Get PDFThe present study was carried out in the department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University Palampur with the objective to explore the nutritional quality of Rhododendron flowers of different regions of Himachal Pradesh and to standardize juice extraction technique. The samples of flowers used in the present investigation were obtained from district Kangra, Kullu and Shimla. Rhododendron flower were assessed for chemical and functional parameters and juice/pulp extraction technique was standardized. Results of the study showed that the flowers were found to contain valuable nutrients. The chemical analysis revealed mean values of total soluble solids as 4.47±0.41 ºB, pH as 3.69±0.47 and acidity 2.10±0.39%. The total, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and ascorbic acid were in the range of 5.70 to 6.17, 2.90 to 3.33, 2.64 to 2.91 % and 243.55 to 249.11 mg/100g, respectively. The highest anthocyanin content in flower was recorded as 212.27 mg/100g. Blanching method was standardized as the best for juice extraction from with the maximum per cent juice recovery of i.e. 70 % with attractive red colour. 
Standardization and Preservation of Sugarcane Juice by Hurdle Technology
Get PDFPreservation of sugarcane juice was examined to reduce the spoilage and to increase the shelf life ofthe juice using hurdle technology. The intelligent use of combinations of different preservation factors ortechniques to make a product shelf-stable, to improve quality and safety of food products is known as hurdletechnology. The present work focuses on preservation of the juice was carried out using potassiummetabisulphite (KMS), natural preservation and mild heat treatment at different combinations underrefrigeration temperature.The result showed that good quality beverage from sugarcane juice of variety Co8603 (Nayana) with satisfactorystorage stability of 60 days at refrigeration packed in glass bottles was prepared from pasteurized juice at 70oC for10 min after addition of 0.6 ml ginger, 0.3 ml lemon, 0.7 ml mint and 1.0 gm salt per 100 ml of sugarcane juice.Addition at the rate of 225 ppm of potassium metabisulfite (KMS) was found to be the best anti microbial agent.The lemon was able to lower the pH of sugarcane juice to 3.0 which gave a preservative action and ginger, mintand salt acts as flavor enhancer and inhibit the growth of micro-organisms during storage period. Potassiummetabisulphite is also a known yeast and mold inhibitor and is being used widely for the preservation of foods.
 
DETERMINANT OF MANAGEMENT OPTION FOR IMPROVED NATIVE PIG PRODUCTION IN MARINDUQUE, PHILIPPINES
Get PDFThe native pig production is the source of livelihood in Marinduque, Philippines. The interest and perception of farmers arestudied as basis of management option. Results showed that the farmers who are engaged in pig production belonged to agebracket from 41 years old to 60 years old (49.03%). They have 10 years of pig keeping experience. However, most of themprefer to grow the hybrid pig (66.46%). The wife usually take care of the pig (59.54%). The majority (76.61%) of farmerrespondents had disclosed no participation to trainings and/or seminar on pig production while all were unaware of theimportance of record keeping
Using Hydrogen Peroxide for Reducing Bacterial Contamination in Date Palm Tissue Culture
Get PDFThe use of hydrogen peroxide as a disinfectant material was evaluated for its effect relevant tobacterial contamination which usually occurs in the micropropagation of date palm. Differentconcentrations of hydrogen peroxide at different time intervals were examined and compared to ethylalcohol and distilled water with both of callus and shoot explants of date palm cv. Sewi. The mostpowerful disinfection with 100% survival occurred by using 10 ppm hydrogen peroxide for 1 min
Effect of Plant Geometry and Nutrient Management Practices on Yield and Nutrient uptake of Rainfed Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under Vertisol Condition
Get PDFField experiment was conducted at black soil farm, Agricultural research station, Kovilpatti. Thesesamum variety SVPR 1 was sown during rabi season (October – January) to find out suitable plantgeometry, levels of fertilizers and foliar spray of mepiquat chloride at 30 DAS, MnSO4 and DAP at flowerinitiation and capsule formation stage for maximize the yield. The experiment was laid out in randomizedblock design and three replications. The trial consists of twelve treatments in combination of plant spacing,nutrient levels and foliar nutrition. The results revealed that, rainfed sesame sown with closer plant spacingof 30 × 20 cm coupled with 125 per cent RDF followed by foliar spray of 125 ppm mepiquat chloride at 30DAS + 0.5 % MnSO4 & 2 % DAP at FIS & CF significantly improved the components viz., economic yieldand nutrient uptake. This contributed in producing significantly higher uptake of nutrients (34.0, 5.90 & 26.0kg NPK ha-1), seed (706 kg ha-1) and stalk yield (1799 kg ha-1) over recommended practice of 30 × 30 cmspacing + 100 % RDF alon
DEVELOPMENT OF RAJASTHANI FOLK MOTIFS AND ITS VARIATIONS WITH COMPUTER AIDED DESIGNING
Get PDFThe present study was undertaken for development of Rajasthani folk motifs and its variationswith computer aided designing. In order to achieve fineness and complexities, different sources werecollected from different regions of Rajasthan. Through these sources, original motifs were developed andfurther modified into different forms or styles of the designs through appropriate software on computer. Totalfifteen motifs were developed from different sources, three modified forms of each motif were created byusing Corel draw software and editing was done by Photoshop. 
Suitability of Sequential Extraction (Step.1) Method for Used to Determine Plant Available Boron (B) of Erzurum Plain and Oltu District Agricultural Soils
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to studied suitablity of sequential extraction method(step.1) for determining plant available boron content of Erzurum Plain and Oltu Districtagricultural soils. Representative total 32 of soils samples were collected from different soillocations of Erzurum (19) and Oltu district (13). In order to determining suitabilitysequential extraction method (step1) as related to of the test plant (potato) was taken as thestandart (biological) index.However, the correlation analysis for both Erzurum Plain and Oltu location showed nonsignificant correlation( not show any significant differences between plant availlable boronand leaf boron content, ( biological index /boron uptake of plant) so; based on these resultand because sequential extraction (first step) method was not comparable, sequentialextraction (first step) method is not recommended for plant available Boron extraction.Results showed that the step1 chemical exraction methods might not be used for plantavailable Boron at least in this conditions growing potato in this Erzurum Plain and Oltulocation
Real-Time Path Optimization for Autonomous Farming Using ANFTAPP and IoV-Driven Hex Grid Mapping
Get PDFA new Internet of Things-based path planning scheme for autonomous agro-management, which combines connectivity between Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Terrain-Aware Path Planning (ANFTAPP). The existing systems depend on static algorithms that make them inefficient and energy ineffective since they cannot adjust in real time to environmental changes. The proposed scheme uses ANFIS-based edge weight calculation along with collaborative routing via V2V/V2I communications and real-time sensor data in order to overcome these obstacles. The algorithm combines terrain-aware AODV/DSR with RRT* for dynamic adaptation to terrain and obstacle conditions. The experimental results indicate that the routing scheme achieves a success rate of 96.2% and reduces fuel consumption by 23.7%. This work offers a scalable, energy-efficient, and collaborative navigation system for autonomous agriculture, thus enhancing field coverage, and optimizing multi-vehicle coordination